Famous People Born In 133

Henry II of England reigned as the king of England from 1154 to 1189. During his long rule, Henry introduced many changes that had severe long-term consequences. Some of his legal changes are believed to have laid the foundation for English Common Law. Henry is often portrayed in films and plays; he has been played by actors like Peter O'Toole.

Ibn Khaldun was an Arab scholar, philosopher, social scientist, and historian. He is often credited with founding the modern disciplines of sociology, historiography, economics, and demography. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of the medieval period.

Widely considered one of the greatest tacticians and military leaders in history, Timur is credited with founding the Timurid Empire, which attained its greatest extent under the leadership of Timur. His empire laid the foundation for the rise of the more prominent Islamic gunpowder empires, such as the Mughal Empire, which then ruled the Indian subcontinent for almost 330 years.

Charles V of France reigned as the king of France from 1364 until his death in 1380. Charles V was highly successful during the Hundred Years' War as his armies recovered almost all the territories held by the English. His reign also witnessed the construction of many significant buildings, including the Château du Louvre, Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, and the Bastille.

Peter of Castile was the king of Castile and León from 1350 to 1369. He was the son of  Alfonso XI of Castile and Maria of Portugal and a member of the main branch of the House of Ivrea. He began his reign when he was almost 16 years old and became notorious as a vicious and cruel ruler. 

John Ball was a 14th-century English priest famous for taking a prominent part in the Peasants' Revolt of 1381. He disagreed with many Christian tenets of his time and preached 'articles contrary to the faith of the church.' He supported the doctrines of John Wycliffe and advocated for social equality. He was imprisoned on several occasions for defying authorities.

Jean Froissart was a medieval court historian and author who wrote many influential books, such as Chronicles and Meliador. In order to gather first-hand accounts and material for his work Chronicles, Froissart traveled extensively. Jean Froissart’s works also serve as a prominent source for the events that took place during the first phase of the famous Hundred Years' War.

Luo Guanzhong was a Chinese writer who was active during the Ming Dynasty. He is often credited with authoring one of the Four Classic Chinese Novels, Romance of the Three Kingdoms. It is believed that the stories forming the novel were contributed by many independent storytellers. However, Luo Guanzhong is said to have brought it to its current form.

Nicolas Flamel was a French scribe and manuscript-seller active in the 14th century. He was also known to be an alchemist. He was married to a wealthy woman, and the couple owned several properties together. They were generous and donated money to numerous churches and hostels. He is often featured in fictional works as a legendary alchemist. 

During the Great Western Schism, Peter of Candia/Peter Phillarges, was elected a pope by the Council of Pisa and crowned Alexander V. His reign in opposition to the Roman pope Gregory XII and the Avignon antipope Benedict XIII lasted just ten months. Later, the Catholic Church recognised the Roman Pope as legitimate while Alexander V was considered an antipope.

Al-Sharif al-Jurjani was a Persian traditionalist theologian and encyclopedic writer. He is credited with authoring over 50 books, 31 of which are extant. One of his best-known works, Al Taʿrīfāt, contains about 2100 definitions of Arabic terms in a glossary style. The book was edited by G Flügel and published in Cairo and St Petersburg in 1866 and 1897 respectively.