Famous Deaths on July 25

Paul Sorvino was an American actor known for portraying authority figures in both criminal and law enforcement roles. He gained recognition for his roles in Goodfellas and Law & Order, showcasing his versatility in playing father figures and dramatic supporting characters. Sorvino also took on lead and comedic roles in various films, earning a Tony Award nomination for his stage performance. With a career spanning across theater, film, and television, he left a lasting impact on the entertainment industry.

Judith Eva Barsi was an American child actress known for her work in television and film. She began her career with appearances in commercials and TV series before landing roles in movies like Jaws: The Revenge. Barsi also lent her voice to memorable characters in animated films such as Ducky in The Land Before Time and Anne-Marie in All Dogs Go to Heaven. Her talent and versatility left a lasting impact on audiences, despite her life being tragically cut short.

John Saxon was an American actor with a prolific career spanning 60 years, encompassing over 200 film and television projects. He was known for his roles in Westerns and horror films, often portraying police officers and detectives. Saxon began his career as a contract actor for Universal Pictures, later transitioning to character roles in the 1970s and 1980s. He also appeared in numerous Italian films and had notable performances in martial arts and thriller movies, leaving a lasting impact on the entertainment industry.

Robert Todd Lincoln was a prominent American lawyer and businessman who served as both the United States Secretary of War and the U.S. ambassador to Great Britain. He had a successful law practice representing corporate clients and eventually became general counsel and president of the Pullman Company. Lincoln held various leadership positions in government and the business world until his retirement in 1911.

Peter Green, professionally known as Peter Green, was an English blues rock singer-songwriter and guitarist. He founded Fleetwood Mac in 1967 after a stint in John Mayall's Bluesbreakers. Green quickly established the new band as a popular live act and successful recording group. His songs, such as "Albatross", "Black Magic Woman", and "Oh Well", achieved chart success and have been covered by various artists. Green was admired for his emotionally expressive tone, string bending, vibrato, and economical style. He was highly praised by fellow musicians and recognized as one of the greatest guitarists of all time by Mojo magazine and Rolling Stone.

Samuel Taylor Coleridge was a significant English poet, literary critic, philosopher, and theologian who played a key role in the Romantic Movement. He was a co-founder of the Lake Poets along with William Wordsworth and collaborated with other prominent writers. Coleridge is known for works such as The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Kubla Khan, and Biographia Literaria. He coined several enduring phrases and introduced German idealist philosophy to English-speaking audiences. Coleridge's critical writings, particularly on Shakespeare, were highly esteemed, and his influence extended to American transcendentalism.

Vincente Minnelli was an American stage director and film director known for his innovative and artistic work in musical films. He began his career as an actor and later transitioned to becoming a theater director before moving to Hollywood. Minnelli's directorial debut was with "Cabin in the Sky" in 1943, followed by successful films like "Meet Me in St. Louis," "An American in Paris," and "Gigi." He had a long and successful tenure at MGM, winning an Academy Award for Best Director. Despite some commercial setbacks later in his career, Minnelli continued to work on films until his passing in 1986.

Ben Hogan, an American professional golfer, is renowned for his exceptional skills and significant influence on golf swing theory. He is considered one of the greatest players in golf history, having secured nine career professional major championships. Hogan's inventive approach to golf practice and his outstanding ball-striking prowess distinguished him in the sport. Among a select group of players, he is credited with achieving the career Grand Slam by winning all four major championships. His legacy in the world of golf was solidified when he claimed his first major victory at the age of 34.

June Foray was a prominent American voice actress and radio personality known for portraying a wide range of iconic animated characters. Her career spanned various mediums, including radio, theatrical shorts, feature films, television, records, video games, and more. Foray was a key figure in the animation industry, being involved in the establishment of the Annie Awards and contributing to the creation of the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature. Her talent and contributions have left a lasting impact on the world of animation.

Charlie Rich, an American country singer, was renowned for his diverse music style that combined rockabilly, jazz, blues, soul, and gospel influences. He was known as the Silver Fox and found success with hit songs such as "Behind Closed Doors" and "The Most Beautiful Girl," both of which reached the top of the country and pop music charts and earned him two Grammy Awards. Rich's musical contributions were celebrated through his induction into the Memphis Music Hall of Fame in 2015, and Rolling Stone magazine later acknowledged him as one of the 200 Greatest Singers of All Time in 2023.

Carl Brashear was a United States Navy sailor who became a Master Diver in 1970, a remarkable achievement considering he had his lower left leg amputated in 1966. Despite facing adversity, he persevered and excelled in his career. Brashear's determination and dedication to his work made him a respected figure in the Navy. His inspiring story was later adapted into the 2000 film Men of Honor, which highlighted his incredible journey and the challenges he overcame to achieve success in his profession.

Engelbert Dollfuß was an Austrian politician who served as Chancellor and Dictator of Austria from 1932 to 1934. He took office during a conservative government crisis and implemented strict measures to quell political unrest, such as suppressing the Socialist movement and banning the Austrian Nazi Party. Dollfuß solidified his rule through the First of May Constitution in 1934. He was assassinated in a failed Nazi coup attempt, leading to Kurt Schuschnigg taking over until the Anschluss in 1938.

Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky was a prominent Soviet singer-songwriter, poet, and actor renowned for his distinctive singing style and socially aware lyrics. Despite facing neglect from the Soviet cultural authorities, he achieved great popularity during his lifetime. Vysotsky's music and poetry conveyed social and political messages in a humorous street language. He was also celebrated for his acting skills in theater and film. His lasting impact in Russia continues to inspire musicians and actors who follow in his footsteps.

Randy Pausch, a respected American educator and professor at Carnegie Mellon University, excelled in computer science, human-computer interaction, and design. Despite a terminal pancreatic cancer diagnosis in 2007, he presented a profound lecture called "The Last Lecture: Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams," gaining significant recognition. This lecture was later transformed into a best-selling book with the same title, cementing Pausch's reputation as a motivational speaker and influential figure in the realms of education and personal growth.

Big Mama Thornton was an influential American singer and songwriter known for her powerful voice and dynamic stage presence in the blues and R&B genres. She recorded the original version of "Hound Dog", a hit song that played a significant role in the early days of rock-and-roll. Despite her talent, Thornton faced challenges in receiving proper recognition and compensation for her work, ultimately passing away in poverty. Her impact on music history was later acknowledged with a posthumous induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

Nestor Ivanovych Makhno was a Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary who led the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine during the Ukrainian War of Independence. He established the Makhnovshchina, a peasant movement seeking to establish anarchist communism. Makhno became a prominent local leader, overseeing the redistribution of land and battling Ukrainian nationalists and the White movement. He led successful uprisings and briefly allied with the Bolshevik Red Army before ultimately being betrayed and exiled.

Louis Napoléon Bonaparte ruled the Kingdom of Holland from 1806 to 1810, appointed by Napoleon. He aimed for independence and was popular among his people but was later annexed into the French Empire in 1810. His son, Louis-Napoléon, later became Napoleon III and established the Second French Empire in 1852.

Charles Macintosh was a Scottish chemist known for inventing the modern waterproof raincoat. His innovative creation, the Mackintosh raincoat, revolutionized the outerwear industry by providing a practical solution for protection against the elements. Macintosh's work in developing waterproof fabrics and techniques significantly impacted the textile and fashion industries. His legacy lives on through the continued popularity and utility of the Mackintosh raincoat, which bears his name and remains a staple in rainy climates worldwide.

James Barry was a military surgeon in the British Army who advanced to the rank of Inspector General. Barry earned a medical degree from the University of Edinburgh Medical School and worked in different places within the British Empire. Barry made considerable enhancements to medical care for injured soldiers and local populations. A notable achievement was performing the first documented caesarean section by a European in Africa, resulting in the survival of both the mother and child. Barry maintained a male identity throughout life, revealing biological identity only after death.

John Richard Schlesinger, an accomplished English film and stage director, actor, and a leading figure of the British New Wave in the 1960s, transitioned to Hollywood and directed films known for handling provocative subject matter. He established himself as one of the few openly gay directors in mainstream cinema. Noteworthy works include "Midnight Cowboy," for which he won an Academy Award, as well as "Darling," "Sunday Bloody Sunday," "The Day of the Locust," and "Marathon Man." Schlesinger's contributions in the film industry were recognized with multiple prestigious awards and honors.

Wilhelm Heinrich Otto Dix, a prominent German painter and printmaker, was known for his brutally realistic portrayals of German society during the Weimar Republic and the harsh truths of war. Alongside George Grosz and Max Beckmann, he played a crucial role in the Neue Sachlichkeit movement. Dix's art frequently captured the brutality, social decay, and political turbulence of his era, establishing him as a critical commentator on society through his bold and thought-provoking works.

Steve Rubell was an American entrepreneur known for co-owning the iconic New York City disco Studio 54. He played a pivotal role in shaping the nightlife scene of the 1970s through Studio 54, which became renowned for its celebrity clientele and extravagant parties. Rubell's innovative approach to club management and event planning revolutionized the entertainment industry, making Studio 54 a cultural landmark. Despite legal issues that led to the club's closure, Rubell's impact on the world of nightlife remains significant.

Harry Patch, known as the Last Fighting Tommy, was an English supercentenarian who held the title of the last surviving trench combat soldier of the First World War. While not the longest-surviving soldier, he ranked among the top five longest-surviving veterans worldwide. At the time of his passing, he was recognized as the third-oldest man globally. Patch's legacy is defined by his brave service during the war and his role as a symbol of remembrance for all who served.

Redford White, famous for his screen name, was a renowned Filipino actor and comedian recognized for his portrayal of Sol in the popular television series Buddy and Sol. His remarkable comedic skills earned him the title of Best Comedy Actor at the 5th PMPC Star Awards for Television. White's performance as Sol alongside Eric Quizon's Buddy captivated viewers and established him as a beloved figure in the entertainment world. His iconic roles brought happiness and laughter to audiences throughout the Philippines.

Timothy Francis LaHaye was an influential American Baptist evangelical Christian minister known for his prolific writing career, which included over 85 books encompassing both fiction and non-fiction genres. He co-authored the popular Left Behind series of apocalyptic fiction with Jerry B. Jenkins, garnering widespread recognition. LaHaye was a founding member of the Council for National Policy, a conservative Christian advocacy group. He held strong views on social issues, opposing homosexuality and criticizing Roman Catholicism. Additionally, he expressed beliefs in various conspiracy theories, particularly those involving the Illuminati.

David John Barby, FRICS was a well-known English antiques expert who became famous for his regular appearances on popular BBC antiques television programs like Bargain Hunt and Flog It! Known for his wealth of knowledge and expertise in the field, he captivated audiences with his ability to spot valuable items and his engaging personality. His significant contributions to the antiques world established him as a respected figure in the industry and a beloved television personality.

Thomas à Kempis was a German-Dutch Catholic canon regular known for writing The Imitation of Christ, a widely respected Christian devotional book. He was associated with the Modern Devotion movement and followed the teachings of Geert Groote and Florens Radewyns, founders of the Brethren of the Common Life. Kempis devoted his professional life to promoting spiritual teachings that continue to inspire and guide people in their faith.

Vernon Forrest was an accomplished American professional boxer, competing from 1992 to 2008. He held world championships in two weight classes, including the WBC, IBF, Ring magazine, and lineal welterweight titles between 2002 and 2003, as well as the WBC super welterweight title twice from 2007 to 2009. Known for his skill and determination, Forrest was recognized as Fighter of the Year in 2002 by The Ring and the Boxing Writers Association of America. His career was tragically cut short in 2009 when he was murdered during a robbery in Atlanta, Georgia.

Tiny Rowland, a British businessman, was the chief executive of the Lonrho conglomerate from 1962 to 1993. He was known for high-profile takeover bids, including an attempt to acquire Harrods. Rowland was recognized for his complex business dealings in Africa and relationships with African leaders. His career was marked by a reputation as a corporate raider and savvy entrepreneur expanding his business empire across various industries and continents.

Hal Foster was a renowned comic strip artist and writer famous for creating the comic strip Prince Valiant. Starting his career in Chicago, he later moved to the United States and became a citizen. Foster initially worked on an adaptation of Edgar Rice Burroughs's Tarzan before launching Prince Valiant in 1937. This comic strip featured his detailed artwork and distinctive storytelling style without word balloons, establishing him as a prominent figure in the industry known for his high level of draftsmanship and attention to detail.

Alan Courtney "Ace" Greenberg was a prominent figure in the financial industry, serving as the chairman of the executive committee of The Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. Known for his exceptional leadership skills and strategic vision, Greenberg played a significant role in shaping the growth and success of Bear Stearns. His expertise in investment banking and dedication to excellence earned him a reputation as a respected and influential figure on Wall Street. Greenberg's contributions to the financial sector left a lasting impact on the industry.

François Coty was a well-known French perfumer, entrepreneur, and art supporter, famous for establishing the Coty perfume company. He gained initial recognition with the scent La Rose Jacqueminot and expanded his business worldwide through the creation of branches in key urban centers. Coty encountered obstacles during the Russian Revolution and later became a vocal critic of Communism. He broadened his interests into the media industry by purchasing newspapers to shape public opinion. Coty's political engagement included roles as a senator and mayor, alongside backing right-wing causes and establishing his own political organization, Solidarité française.

Johnny Griffin, known as "the Little Giant," was an influential American jazz tenor saxophonist. A key figure in the hard bop genre, Griffin's career spanned several decades, during which he recorded extensively as a bandleader and collaborated with notable musicians such as Thelonious Monk and Art Blakey. He also formed a successful partnership with fellow tenor saxophonist Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis. Griffin later moved to Europe where he joined the Kenny Clarke/Francy Boland Big Band. In recognition of his contributions, he received an Honorary Doctorate of Music from Berklee College of Music.

Walter Rauschenbusch was a prominent American theologian and Baptist pastor recognized for his contributions to the Social Gospel and single tax movements during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was a faculty member at the Rochester Theological Seminary and was instrumental in championing social justice and economic reform through his influential writings and teachings. Rauschenbusch's efforts were centered on tackling societal challenges and advancing a fairer and more inclusive society by applying Christian ideals.

Dominique Jean Larrey, a French surgeon and military doctor, made significant contributions during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars. He was a trailblazer in battlefield medicine and triage, introducing groundbreaking techniques that transformed military healthcare. Larrey is renowned for inventing the flying ambulance, enhancing the speed and effectiveness of transporting injured soldiers from the battlefield to medical centers. His pioneering work established him as a leading figure in modern military surgery, elevating the standard of medical care during wartime.

Walter De Maria was a renowned American artist recognized for his significant contributions to minimal art, conceptual art, and land art during the 1960s. Working primarily in New York City, De Maria's art was distinguished by its unique, awe-inspiring, and straightforward characteristics. His creative endeavors spanned sculpture, illustration, and composition, establishing him as a leading figure in the art world. Teaming up with LACMA director Michael Govan, De Maria made a lasting impression with his pioneering and impactful artworks.

Phoolan Devi, also known as the Bandit Queen, transitioned from a life of banditry to politics. She served as a member of parliament, gaining a Robin Hood-like status among marginalized classes for her actions, including leading a gang of dacoits and being charged for the Behmai massacre. After her release from prison, Phoolan Devi pursued a political career, winning and losing a parliamentary seat before her assassination in 2001. Her life inspired films, biographies, and her autobiography, highlighting the complexities of her professional journey.

André Marie Chénier, a French poet linked to the French Revolution, gained recognition for his passionate and expressive poetry, which established him as a forerunner of the Romantic movement. Tragically, his life was prematurely ended when he was condemned to death by guillotine for purported "crimes against the state." Despite his abrupt end, Chénier's legacy continues to inspire a range of artistic interpretations, such as Umberto Giordano's opera Andrea Chénier and other creative endeavors.

Charles Stark "Doc" Draper was an American scientist and engineer known as the "father of inertial navigation". He founded and directed the MIT's Instrumentation Laboratory, later renamed the Charles Stark Draper Laboratory. This laboratory played a crucial role in the Apollo Moon landings by designing the Apollo Guidance Computer for NASA. Draper's work revolutionized navigation technology, making significant contributions to the field of aerospace engineering. His dedication and expertise paved the way for advancements in space exploration and solidified his legacy as a pioneer in the field.

Queen Sibylla of Jerusalem reigned from 1186 to 1190 alongside her husband Guy of Lusignan. She skillfully managed political challenges and conflicts within the nobility, including her brother's illness and regency. Despite facing opposition, she successfully claimed the throne and supported Guy's rule. Sibylla even secured his release after he was captured. Her reign was defined by the invasion of Saladin, resulting in the fall of Jerusalem to a single city. Sibylla's leadership was put to the test during her time as queen.

Helen Jones Woods was a highly esteemed American jazz and swing trombone player known for her exceptional performances with the International Sweethearts of Rhythm. Her musical talent and dedication to the craft earned her recognition in the Omaha Black Music Hall of Fame in 2007. Woods' contributions to the music industry were marked by her skillful trombone playing and her significant role in breaking racial and gender barriers in a male-dominated field. Her legacy continues to inspire aspiring musicians and jazz enthusiasts worldwide.

Frank O'Hara was a significant American writer, poet, and art critic who played a key role in New York City's art scene. He curated at the Museum of Modern Art and was a central figure in the New York School, drawing inspiration from diverse art movements. O'Hara's poetry is known for its personal, diary-like style infused with jazz, surrealism, and contemporary references. He aimed to convey the essence of life and establish a connection between himself and the reader.

Jesse Marunde was an accomplished American strongman athlete known for his impressive performances in competitions. He achieved a notable second-place finish in the 2005 World's Strongest Man contest, showcasing his exceptional strength and skill. Marunde's dedication to the sport and relentless training regimen set him apart as a formidable competitor in the strongman world. His professional career was marked by his passion for strength training and his pursuit of excellence in various strongman events, leaving a lasting impact on the sport.

Hamlet Gonashvili, known as "the voice of Georgia," was a highly respected Georgian singer, influential teacher, and performer of Georgian folk music. Renowned for his interpretation of songs from the Kartli and Kakheti regions, he received numerous national honors and prizes for his contributions to music. Gonashvili's singing inspired the Third Symphony of Georgian composer Giya Kancheli, and he was the soloist in the first recording of the work. His professional career was tragically cut short in 1985 due to a fall from an apple tree.

Zuheir Mohsen, a Palestinian Arab, was a key member of the Ba'athist As-Sa'iqa faction of the PLO. Coming from a background in the Jordanian Ba'ath Party, he gained prominence by supporting Hafez al-Assad's rise to power in Syria. Mohsen's leadership within the National Command of the Ba'ath Party further enhanced his influence. He played an active role during the Jordanian occupation of the West Bank and was known for his dedication to the Palestinian cause through his leadership within the PLO.

Hugh Esmor Huxley, a British molecular biologist, is renowned for his revolutionary contributions to muscle physiology. He conducted groundbreaking research at institutions such as the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Huxley co-discovered the sliding filament theory of muscle movement, which has significantly advanced our understanding of muscle contraction and cellular motility. Throughout his career, he held important positions at University College London, the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, and Brandeis University.

Stanley Middleton was a British novelist known for his literary contributions. His professional life was marked by a prolific output of novels that often explored themes of human relationships and everyday life. Middleton's writing style was characterized by its depth and attention to detail, earning him critical acclaim and a dedicated readership. Throughout his career, he demonstrated a commitment to his craft and a passion for storytelling, establishing himself as a respected figure in the world of British literature.

Hani Mohsin Mohd. Hanafi, a prominent Malaysian actor, host, and producer, was known for hosting the popular TV game show Roda Impian, the Malaysian version of Wheel of Fortune. His professional career was distinguished by his captivating presence on television and his significant contributions to the entertainment industry. Following his untimely passing in 2006, production of Roda Impian came to an end as a mark of respect. Nevertheless, his legacy lives on in the industry, with his impact still being remembered.

Freddie Mills, an English boxer, was the world light heavyweight champion from 1948 to 1950. He was renowned for his aggressive boxing style and remarkable resilience in the ring. A beloved figure in British boxing following World War II, Mills later moved into boxing management and promotion. Additionally, he explored the entertainment industry by working in radio, television, and film. Mills co-hosted the popular BBC TV music program Six-Five Special and owned a Chinese restaurant and nightclub in London. His life took a tragic turn with his mysterious death.

William David Trimble, Baron Trimble, PC was a Northern Irish politician, serving as the inaugural First Minister of Northern Ireland from 1998 to 2002 and as leader of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) from 1995 to 2005. He also held the positions of Member of Parliament (MP) for Upper Bann from 1990 to 2005 and Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Upper Bann from 1998 to 2007. Trimble played a key role in the negotiations leading to the Good Friday Agreement in 1998, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

Pope Innocent VIII, also known as Giovanni Battista Cybo, served as the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 1484 until his death in 1492. He began his career as a priest and eventually became Bishop of Savona under Pope Paul II. With the support of Cardinal Giuliano Della Rovere, he was made a cardinal by Pope Sixtus IV. Cybo was elected pope in 1484 after intense politicking by Della Rovere. During his papacy, he faced political challenges, including conflicts with King Ferdinand I of Naples. He issued a papal bull on witchcraft and dealt with the custody of Cem, the brother of the Ottoman Sultan.

Isaac Luria, a prominent rabbi and Jewish mystic in Safed, Ottoman Syria, is recognized as the father of contemporary Kabbalah. His teachings, known as Lurianic Kabbalah, have left a lasting impact. Despite a limited literary output, his spiritual influence was profound, leading his disciples to compile his oral teachings. Luria's customs were widely adopted and followed by many. He passed away in Safed and is buried at the Old Jewish Cemetery, where the Ari Ashkenazi Synagogue was erected in his memory.

Henri de Lorraine, known as Cadet la Perle, was a French nobleman who held prestigious titles such as count of Harcourt, count of Armagnac, count of Brionne, and viscount of Marsan. He was recognized for his contributions to the French court and his leadership in various regions. Henri's professional life was marked by his involvement in political affairs, military endeavors, and diplomatic missions on behalf of the French monarchy. He played a significant role in shaping the cultural and political landscape of his time through his actions and influence.

Albert Mangelsdorff was a pioneering German jazz trombonist acclaimed for his innovative work in free jazz. He was known for his mastery of multiphonics, a technique where multiple notes are produced simultaneously on a wind instrument. Mangelsdorff's professional career was marked by his experimentation with sound and improvisation, pushing the boundaries of traditional jazz music. His contributions to the genre established him as a leading figure in the development of avant-garde jazz and a lasting influence on future generations of musicians.

Margaret Campbell, Duchess of Argyll, was a well-known Scottish socialite and aristocrat recognized for her prominent marriage and subsequent divorce from the 11th Duke of Argyll. She actively engaged in various social circles and was admired for her impeccable style and captivating presence at events. Despite enduring public scrutiny and scandal regarding her personal life, Margaret preserved her esteemed social status and remained a significant figure in elite social circles.

Willie Park Sr. was a highly successful Scottish professional golfer known for his exceptional skill and accomplishments on the golf course. He made a significant impact in the sport by winning the Open Championship four times, showcasing his talent and dedication to the game. Park's impressive performance and triumphs in major tournaments solidified his reputation as one of the top golfers of his era. His legacy as a skilled and accomplished golfer continues to be celebrated and remembered in the world of golf.

William Livingston was a prominent American politician and lawyer known for his significant contributions during the American Revolutionary War. He served as the first governor of New Jersey from 1776 until his passing in 1790. Livingston represented New Jersey in the Continental Congress, where he played a key role in signing important documents such as the Continental Association and the United States Constitution. He is highly regarded as one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and a key figure in the founding of New Jersey.

Bernard Ładysz was a celebrated Polish bass-baritone and actor known for his outstanding performances at top opera houses and festivals globally. He gained recognition for his exceptional portrayals of the title roles in Mozart's Don Giovanni and Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov. Ładysz was also involved in notable world premieres, such as Krzysztof Penderecki's The Devils of Loudon and St Luke Passion. His talent extended to the film industry with appearances in productions like The Promised Land. Through his diverse and illustrious career, Ładysz made a lasting impact on the worlds of opera and acting.

Robert Parris Moses was an American educator and civil rights activist known for his leadership in the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) on voter education and registration in Mississippi. He co-founded the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party and organized the Freedom Summer Project. Moses worked in the civil rights and anti-war movements before teaching in Tanzania. Upon returning to the US, he developed the Algebra Project, focused on teaching algebra to minority students through community organizing, aiming to improve college and job readiness.

Yasmin Ahmad, a renowned Malaysian film director, writer, and scriptwriter, gained prominence for her creative contributions at Leo Burnett Kuala Lumpur. Her television commercials and films were celebrated for their blend of humor and emotional resonance, resonating across cultures. Particularly, her advertisements for Petronas received widespread acclaim. Despite encountering some controversy for her handling of sensitive themes, her projects garnered numerous awards on both local and global stages. Yasmin Ahmad was instrumental in shaping the "first" New Wave of Malaysian cinema, leaving a significant mark on the industry.

François René Mallarmé was a French statesman known for his involvement in the French Revolution and his support of Napoleon Bonaparte and the French Empire. He initially backed the Terror but later turned against its leaders, including Maximilien Robespierre, in favor of conservative regimes. Mallarmé held titles as a chevalier and baron de l'Empire, showcasing his influence and status within the political landscape of his time. His career trajectory from revolutionary supporter to conservative advocate reflects the complex political climate of the era.

Isaac Halevi Herzog served as the first Chief Rabbi of Ireland from 1921 to 1936 before becoming the Ashkenazi Chief Rabbi of the British Mandate of Palestine and later of Israel after its establishment in 1948. He played a significant role in shaping Jewish religious life and community in these regions. Herzog's leadership and influence extended beyond his time, as his son and grandson both became presidents of Israel, continuing his legacy in the country's political and social landscape.

Tal Farlow was an influential American jazz guitarist known for his exceptional talent and innovative playing style. His nickname "Octopus" reflected his remarkable dexterity and speed on the fretboard, captivating audiences with his unique approach to improvisation. Farlow's professional career was marked by collaborations with renowned musicians, recordings of critically acclaimed albums, and performances that showcased his virtuosity. His legacy continues to inspire aspiring guitarists and jazz enthusiasts, solidifying his reputation as a pioneering figure in the world of jazz music.

Henry Mayhew was a prolific writer and journalist known for his groundbreaking work in documenting the lives of the impoverished in Victorian London. His most famous work, "London Labour and the London Poor," offered detailed insights into the struggles and conditions of various marginalized groups in the city. Mayhew's meticulous research and vivid descriptions shed light on the harsh realities faced by the urban poor, influencing not only public perception but also the works of other writers and social reformers of his time.

Kitty Kiernan was a highly regarded businesswoman who skillfully managed a drapery shop in Longford, Ireland. Known for her exceptional work ethic, business acumen, and commitment to top-notch customer service, Kiernan played a key role in the shop's success. Her leadership and organizational abilities made the shop a favored spot for both locals and tourists. Kiernan's professionalism and dedication to her work established her as a respected and capable businesswoman in the area.

Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, was known for his capabilities as an organizer. He focused on establishing a centralized government for Austria, Hungary, and Bohemia. Ferdinand reintroduced innovations such as the Hofrat with a chancellery and treasury, and introduced new institutions like the Raitkammer and Hofkriegsrat to address the threat of the Ottoman Empire. He effectively dealt with rebellious subjects, collaborated with political classes, and implemented standardized administrative practices. Ferdinand's approach to governance, interpersonal relationships, and religious matters was characterized by flexibility, moderation, and tolerance, guided by the motto "Let justice be done, though the world perish."

Sergio Marchionne was a distinguished Italian-Canadian businessman renowned for his adept leadership in revitalizing automakers Fiat and Chrysler. He held key executive positions at Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Ferrari, and Maserati. Marchionne's strategic vision and expertise were evident in the successful collaboration between Fiat and Chrysler, culminating in the establishment of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. His bold leadership and substantial impact on the automotive industry were widely acknowledged.

Henry K. Beecher was a pioneering American anesthesiologist, medical ethicist, and placebo effect investigator at Harvard Medical School. His influential work on unethical medical experimentation led to the implementation of federal rules on human experimentation and informed consent. Beecher played a significant role in the development of medical ethics and research techniques, earning recognition through awards such as the Beecher Prize from Harvard Medical School and the Henry K. Beecher Award from The Hastings Center. Despite some controversy, Beecher's legacy continues to impact the field of medicine.

Hishikawa Moronobu was a notable Japanese artist known for his influential contributions to the ukiyo-e genre of woodblock prints and paintings in the late 17th century. He played a significant role in popularizing this art form by merging different Japanese art styles into a unified body of work. Moronobu's endeavors were crucial in shaping the early evolution of ukiyo-e, establishing him as a pivotal figure in Japanese art history and impacting subsequent artists in this genre.

André Marie Chénier was a French poet acclaimed for his passionate and expressive poetry, establishing him as a forerunner of the Romantic movement. He was linked to the French Revolution and ultimately condemned to death for purported "crimes against the state". Chénier made notable contributions to poetry during a turbulent era in French history. His enduring work is revered and has served as inspiration for various artistic adaptations, such as Umberto Giordano's opera Andrea Chénier.

Cyriel Buysse was a prominent Flemish naturalist author and playwright known for his insightful and realistic portrayals of rural life in Belgium. Throughout his career, he wrote under various pseudonyms such as Louis Bonheyden, Prosper Van Hove, and Robert Palmer. Buysse's literary works often delved into the struggles and complexities of everyday life, touching on themes like social class, family dynamics, and human nature. His writing style was marked by a sharp observation of human behavior and a profound sensitivity to the human experience, establishing him as a respected figure in Flemish literature.

Bernadette Lafont was a prominent French actress known for her work in over 120 feature films. She was regarded as a key figure in the French New Wave movement and was often referred to as "the face of French New Wave." Lafont's dedication to her craft was evident in her statement to The New York Times in 1999, where she expressed that her work was the driving force of her life. Her impactful presence in the French film industry solidified her legacy as a respected and influential actress.

Nelle Wilson Reagan was an American educator and homemaker. She dedicated her career to teaching and shaping young minds, instilling a love of learning in her students. Her passion for education was evident in her commitment to providing a nurturing and stimulating environment for children to thrive academically. Nelle's belief in the power of education to transform lives guided her work in the classroom, leaving a lasting impact on generations of students who benefited from her knowledge and dedication.

Eric Pohlmann was a renowned Austrian actor known for his impressive contributions to the British entertainment industry. He was particularly acclaimed for his work in theatre, film, and television. Pohlmann became famous for his unforgettable portrayal of Ernst Stavro Blofeld, the iconic villain in the James Bond films "From Russia with Love" and "Thunderball." His unique voice and powerful presence captivated audiences and established him as a highly skilled and adaptable artist.

Beji Caid Essebsi had a distinguished career in Tunisian politics, serving as the fifth president of Tunisia from 2014 until his passing in 2019. Before his presidency, he held prominent positions including minister of foreign affairs and prime minister. Essebsi played a crucial role in Tunisia's transition to democracy and was instrumental in establishing the Nidaa Tounes political party. His leadership was significant in the post-revolution era, as he became Tunisia's first democratically elected president following the 2014 presidential election.

Constantius Chlorus, also known as Constantius I, was a Roman emperor renowned for his exceptional military career. Rising from humble beginnings, he demonstrated remarkable skill as a general, achieving significant victories such as defeating the usurper Carausius in Gaul and Allectus in Britain. Constantius led successful campaigns against the Alamanni, Franks, and the Picts beyond the Antonine Wall. Historians regarded him as a capable general and a benevolent ruler.

Bel Kaufman was a notable American teacher and author recognized for her contributions to education and literature. She gained widespread acclaim for her bestselling novel Up the Down Staircase in 1964, offering a humorous and insightful perspective on the difficulties of teaching in a public school. Kaufman's writing connected with both readers and educators, demonstrating her sharp insights into the education system and human interactions. Her work has had a lasting influence on the literary realm and the field of education.

Michael Cacoyannis was a Greek Cypriot theatre and film director, writer, producer, and actor known for his work based on classical texts, especially those of Euripides. He gained fame for his 1964 film adaptation of Nikos Kazantzakis' novel "Zorba the Greek," as well as directing a Broadway revival of the musical inspired by the film. Cacoyannis received five Academy Award nominations, including for Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Adapted Screenplay for "Zorba the Greek," and two Best Foreign Language Film nominations for "Electra" and "Iphigenia." He was honored with international awards, including the Technical Grand Prize at Cannes.

Hywel Bennett was a versatile Welsh actor recognized for his contributions to both film and television. Throughout his career, he took on lead roles in notable projects such as The Family Way and Shelley, showcasing his diverse talents. Bennett's performances alongside Hayley Mills were particularly memorable, highlighting his ability to embody a range of characters. From comedic roles like Private Brigg in The Virgin Soldiers to more serious portrayals like Ricki Tarr in Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy, Bennett demonstrated his versatility as an actor. In his later years, he excelled in portraying villainous characters across television and film.

Charles Dibdin was a multi-talented English composer, musician, dramatist, novelist, singer, and actor. With an impressive repertoire of over 600 songs, he was renowned for writing both the lyrics and music, often performing them himself. He was a prolific singer-songwriter, best known for compositions like "Tom Bowling", a popular sea song. Dibdin also ventured into dramatic works with operas like The Waterman and The Quaker. His versatility extended to writing novels, memoirs, and histories, earning admiration from notable composers such as Haydn and Beethoven.

Gurrumul, a talented Yolŋu Aboriginal Australian musician, was known for his mesmerizing singing voice that captivated audiences worldwide. He sang in both Yolŋu languages and English, sharing stories of his land. His skills as a multi-instrumentalist, playing drums, keyboards, guitar, and didgeridoo, added depth to his music. From his early days with Yothu Yindi to his solo career, Gurrumul achieved international success, becoming the most commercially successful Aboriginal Australian musician of his time.

Lazar Kaganovich was a prominent Soviet politician who was a close confidant of Joseph Stalin. He played significant roles in the Communist Party, including serving as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine and as a member of the Politburo. Kaganovich implemented grain quotas in Ukraine during the Holodomor famine and had responsibilities in different industries during World War II. Following Stalin's passing, he saw a decline in influence and was eventually ousted from the party, spending his later years as a retiree in Moscow.

Mustafa Lutfi el-Manfaluti was a renowned Egyptian writer and poet who left a lasting impact on Arabic literature. He authored many acclaimed Arabic books that showcased his talent and creativity, resonating with readers and earning him recognition as a significant literary figure. His works have inspired and influenced generations of writers and poets, celebrated for their depth, insight, and cultural significance.

Franz West was a renowned Austrian artist known for his unconventional and interactive artworks, which included sculptures, installations, and furniture pieces. Throughout his career, he defied traditional artistic norms by creating works that encouraged participation and dialogue. West's innovative approach often blurred the distinction between art and everyday life, inviting viewers to actively engage with his creations. His work has had a lasting impact on the art world, inspiring future generations of artists with his boundary-pushing and thought-provoking pieces.

Maria Alexandrovna Ulyanova initially worked as an elementary school teacher before prioritizing the upbringing and education of her children. Her husband's career as a teacher of mathematics and physics required the family to relocate frequently to accommodate his prestigious positions. Ulyanova consistently demonstrated exceptional courage and resilience in overcoming the various tragedies and misfortunes that impacted her family.

Gretel Bergmann, also known as Gretel Lambert, was a talented German Jewish track and field athlete specializing in high jump during the 1930s. Despite her achievements, she was prevented from competing in the 1936 Summer Olympics by the Nazis because of her Jewish heritage. In response to this injustice, she vowed never to return to Germany. Years later, in 2004, she visited Germany as a symbolic gesture to reunite with her former rival, Elfriede Kaun, whom she had befriended. Bergmann passed away in 2017 at her home in New York.

Heinrich Rickert was a prominent German philosopher known for his contributions to the neo-Kantian school of thought. He emphasized the importance of cultural sciences and historical understanding in philosophy, focusing on the concept of values and the role of human creativity in shaping society. Rickert's work influenced various fields, including sociology, ethics, and aesthetics. Through his writings and lectures, he played a significant role in shaping philosophical discourse in Germany during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Helen Nicol, also known as Helen Fox or Nickie Fox, was a Canadian-American baseball pitcher who played in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League from 1943 to 1952. Standing at 5 feet 3 inches and weighing 120 pounds, Nicol batted and threw right-handed. She was part of the league that provided opportunities for over 600 women athletes to play professional baseball at an unprecedented level. Nicol's professional career was highlighted in the 1992 film A League of Their Own, directed by Penny Marshall.

Louis St. Laurent was a Canadian lawyer who transitioned into politics as the minister of justice under Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King. He later became the leader of the Liberal Party and served as the 12th prime minister of Canada from 1948 to 1957. St. Laurent was known for his strong stance against communism and led the Liberal Party to consecutive majority governments in 1949 and 1953. His administration implemented key policies like the registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) and oversaw significant infrastructure projects such as the Trans-Canada Highway and St. Lawrence Seaway.

Kondraty Ryleyev played a significant role in Russian literature and politics in the early 19th century. His revolutionary activities and participation in the Decembrist movement aimed to challenge the autocratic Tsarist regime. Ryleyev's writings emphasized themes of freedom, patriotism, and social justice, establishing him as a central figure in intellectual circles at the time. His commitment to reform and readiness to confront the government earned him respect and admiration from his contemporaries.

Toru Kumon, a Japanese mathematics educator, transformed the learning experience with his pioneering teaching approach. He established the Kumon Institute of Education and launched the first Kumon Center in 1955. His method concentrated on enhancing core math and language competencies by offering customized worksheets to students. Kumon promoted self-directed learning and motivated students to explore advanced topics above their current grade level. Proficiency in Kumon's method was demonstrated by attaining outstanding scores within a specific timeframe, underscoring the significance of time management and precision in education.

Ravichandran, a versatile Indian actor born in Malaysia, was known for his lead hero roles in Tamil films from 1964 to 1979. He transitioned to supporting roles in 1986 and also delved into film direction. With the title "Kalaingnar Thilagham," he made a lasting impact on the industry, earning the moniker "Puratchi Kalaignar" for his on-screen presence. Prior to his film career, he honed his acting skills in various dramas. Throughout his professional life, Ravichandran showcased a passion for storytelling and a dedication to his craft that resonated with audiences.

Steve dePyssler was an esteemed officer of the United States Air Force, known for his exceptional service in six major military engagements spanning World War II to the Dominican Civil War. His remarkable career showcased his unwavering dedication and courage on the battlefield. With a distinguished background in various conflicts, he left a lasting impact on the military landscape. His expertise and leadership were evident throughout his service, earning him respect and admiration among his peers and superiors.

Rüdiger Dornbusch was a renowned German economist who made significant contributions to the field of macroeconomics, with a focus on exchange rates, international economics, and economic growth. His research and publications have had a lasting impact on economic policy and theory, garnering him global recognition and influence. Dornbusch's work remains influential and is widely referenced by economists, policymakers, and students worldwide.

Franz I served as Prince of Liechtenstein from 1929 until his passing in 1938. During his reign, he focused on modernizing the country and strengthening its economy. He played a key role in developing Liechtenstein as a financial center, attracting businesses and fostering economic growth. Franz I also prioritized social welfare initiatives and infrastructure development to improve the quality of life for his people. His leadership legacy is marked by a period of progress and prosperity for Liechtenstein under his rule.

Johann Bernhard Basedow was a notable German educational reformer, teacher, and writer who founded the renowned Philanthropinum school in Dessau. His innovative methods and progressive ideas made significant contributions to education. Basedow's influential "Elementarwerk" textbook, beloved for its engaging illustrations and kid-friendly content, played a key role in his educational work. His commitment to enhancing educational practices and advocating for reform left a lasting impact on the field of education.

Martha Euphemia Lofton Haynes was a pioneering American mathematician and educator. She made history as the first African American woman to earn a Ph.D. in mathematics, which she achieved from the Catholic University of America in 1943. Throughout her professional life, Haynes dedicated herself to promoting mathematics education and advocating for increased opportunities for women and minorities in the field. She played a significant role in shaping mathematics curriculum in Washington, D.C. schools and was a trailblazer in breaking barriers for women and African Americans in academia.

John Arthur Passmore was a renowned Australian philosopher recognized for his impactful contributions to analytic philosophy, moral philosophy, and the philosophy of science. He held professorial positions at prestigious institutions including the University of Otago and the Australian National University. Passmore authored influential works exploring diverse topics such as human knowledge, ethics, and the philosophy of mind. His scholarly legacy remains highly regarded and widely studied in philosophical communities globally.

Douglas Stuart Moore was a versatile American professional known as a composer, songwriter, organist, pianist, conductor, educator, actor, and author. He focused on composing works with American themes and his music is recognized for its lyrical and conservative style, avoiding more experimental modernist trends. Renowned for his neoromantic style, Moore drew inspiration from American folk music. While several of his compositions gained popularity during his career, his folk opera The Ballad of Baby Doe stands out as his enduring and well-known work in the 21st century.

Jonas Furrer was a notable Swiss lawyer and politician recognized for his pivotal role in the creation of Switzerland as a federal state. He was a longstanding member of the Federal Council and served multiple terms as the first president of the Swiss Confederation. Furrer was instrumental in establishing the Radical Party and played a vital part in shaping Switzerland's political environment in the mid-19th century by championing federalism.