Famous Deaths on November 21

Franz Joseph I of Austria served as Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary, leading the Habsburg monarchy through various challenges, including the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 and the Italian Wars of Independence. Despite his initial resistance to constitutionalism, he later granted Hungary greater autonomy through the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867. Throughout his reign, he grappled with the rise of nationalism and faced personal tragedies, such as the execution of his brother Maximilian I of Mexico and the assassination of his wife Elisabeth and nephew Archduke Franz Ferdinand. His time in power also coincided with the onset of World War I.

David Cassidy was an American actor and musician best known for his role as Keith Partridge in the 1970s musical-sitcom The Partridge Family. His career began in 1969 when he signed with Universal Studios, leading to various TV roles before his major breakthrough with The Partridge Family in 1970. Cassidy later pursued a diverse solo music career with hits in the UK and Australia. Despite seeking to break free from his teen idol image, he continued performing and announced his retirement in 2017.

Bill Bixby was an accomplished American actor and television director with a career that spanned over three decades. He was known for his versatile roles in various TV series such as My Favorite Martian, The Courtship of Eddie's Father, The Magician, and The Incredible Hulk. Bixby's talent and dedication were evident in his performances on stage, in films, and on television, making him a respected figure in the entertainment industry. He left a lasting impact on audiences with his memorable characters and contributions to the world of television.

Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, an Indian physicist, is renowned for his discovery of the Raman effect, a significant phenomenon in light scattering. His groundbreaking work in spectroscopy earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930, making him the first Asian and non-White recipient of this prestigious award. Raman's contributions extended to the fields of acoustics and optics, where he served as the first Palit Professor of Physics at the University of Calcutta and founded the Indian Journal of Physics. He solidified his impact by establishing the Raman Research Institute and the Indian Academy of Sciences.

Henry Purcell, an English composer, made significant contributions to Baroque music with his unique blend of English, Italian, and French influences. He is considered one of the greatest English opera composers in early English music history. Purcell's work is highly respected and influential in classical music.

Max Baer, an American professional boxer, held the world heavyweight champion title from June 14, 1934, to June 13, 1935. Known as the Livermore Larupper and Madcap Maxie, Baer was acclaimed for his thrilling fights, including victories over Max Schmeling and a memorable loss to James J. Braddock, both recognized as Fight of the Year by The Ring magazine. Baer also ventured into boxing refereeing and appeared in various film and television roles. He is ranked #22 on The Ring magazine's list of the 100 greatest punchers of all time.

Benjamin Wilson Jr. was a highly talented American high school basketball player hailing from Chicago, Illinois. He gained recognition as the top high school player in the U.S. by scouts and coaches attending the 1984 Athletes For Better Education basketball camp. Wilson made history as the first Chicago athlete to receive this prestigious honor. Tragically, his promising career was cut short when he succumbed to injuries sustained in a shooting incident on November 21, 1984.

Abdus Salam, a Pakistani theoretical physicist, made significant contributions to theoretical and particle physics. He was the first Pakistani and the first scientist from an Islamic country to win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1979, which he shared for his work on the electroweak unification theory. Salam played a crucial role in developing Pakistan's science infrastructure as a scientific advisor and founding director of key research institutions. His achievements include contributions to various physics theories and advocacy for science advancement in developing nations.

Melvin Thomas Ott, nicknamed "Master Melvin," was a renowned American professional baseball right fielder for the New York Giants from 1926 to 1947. Despite his smaller stature, Ott was a dominant power hitter, leading the National League in home runs a record six times. He was a skilled left-handed batter and right-handed thrower, earning 11 consecutive All-Star selections and becoming the first National League player to surpass 500 career home runs. Ott's remarkable career culminated in his induction into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1951.

Marcelino Sánchez was a talented actor known for his portrayal of Rembrandt in the 1979 film The Warriors. His performance in the movie displayed his acting abilities and made a lasting impression on viewers. Sánchez's role in The Warriors played a significant part in establishing him as a skilled actor with a distinct on-screen charisma. Throughout his career, he showcased versatility and commitment to his craft, earning admiration within the film industry for his impact on cinema.

Garret Augustus Hobart was a successful American businessman and influential politician from New Jersey. He achieved wealth as a corporate lawyer and held various local governmental positions before being elected to the New Jersey General Assembly and Senate. Hobart's political views aligned with those of President William McKinley, leading to his nomination as the 24th Vice President of the United States in 1897. Known for his tact and good humor, Hobart served as a close adviser to McKinley until his untimely death in 1899.

Norman Lindsay was a versatile Australian artist celebrated for his extensive and controversial artistic endeavors. He excelled in various mediums such as painting, etching, sculpture, writing, and cartooning. Lindsay's works often combined themes of sensuality and nature in an Australian context, eliciting both praise and criticism. He was a vocal advocate for Australian nationalism and a critic of modernist art. Lindsay is best known for his classic children's book "The Magic Pudding." His legacy is honored at the Norman Lindsay Gallery and Museum in the Blue Mountains.

Francis E. Butler, an Irish American marksman, gained fame for his shooting act in Wild West variety shows. He initially collaborated with John Graham before Annie Oakley replaced him due to Graham's illness. Butler and Oakley later married and performed together, becoming a renowned sharpshooting duo. They joined the Sells Brothers Circus and achieved further success in Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show from 1885 to 1901. Butler also worked as a representative and salesman for gun manufacturers, showcasing his expertise in the industry.

Saint Ursula was a Romano-British virgin and martyr, celebrated as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Anglican Communion. Her feast day is observed on 21 October in various calendars. Ursula's professional life is marked by her commitment to her faith, courage in the face of persecution, and unwavering dedication to spreading Christianity. Her martyrdom exemplifies her steadfast belief in her religious convictions and her willingness to sacrifice her life for her faith.

Emil Zátopek, a Czech long-distance runner, achieved remarkable success in the sport. He gained international fame by winning three gold medals at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, a feat unmatched by any other athlete. Zátopek broke the 29-minute barrier in the 10,000 meters, pioneering tough training methods that popularized interval training post-World War Two. His unparalleled success led to him being named the Greatest Runner of All Time by Runner's World Magazine in 2013.

Peder Severin Krøyer, also known as P. S. Krøyer, was a prominent Danish painter celebrated for his realistic and naturalistic portrayals of landscapes, seascapes, and light-filled scenes of everyday life. His vibrant color palette and attention to detail showcased his mastery in capturing the play of light and shadow, earning him recognition as one of Denmark's most significant artists of the late 19th century.

Charles Francis Adams Sr. was an influential American figure who served as the United States Minister to the United Kingdom during the Civil War. He played a key role in preventing British recognition of the Confederate States of America. Adams was involved in national and state politics, serving in the Massachusetts State Senate and the U.S. House of Representatives. He later shifted from the Republican Party to become affiliated with the Liberal Republican, Anti-Mason, and Democratic parties. Adams also served as an overseer of Harvard University and was responsible for building the Stone Library at Peacefield.

Leopold Godowsky Sr. was a highly esteemed virtuoso pianist, composer, and teacher known for his revolutionary ideas in pianistic technique. His principles of relaxed weight and economy of motion influenced generations of pianists, including his famous pupil Heinrich Neuhaus. Revered as the "Buddha of the Piano," Godowsky's contributions to keyboard writing were considered groundbreaking by his contemporaries. His compositions, such as the Java Suite and Triakontameron, as well as his renowned transcriptions of works by composers like Chopin, solidified his legacy as a musical genius.

Ivan Krylov, a celebrated Russian fabulist, began his career as a dramatist and journalist before finding his true calling as a fabulist. Known for his mastery of epigrams, Krylov is considered one of Russia's most notable authors. Drawing inspiration from Aesop and La Fontaine, he later created original fables with a satirical touch. His works are admired for their wit, humor, and perceptive social commentary.

Ellen Glasgow was an esteemed American novelist known for her realistic portrayal of the contemporary South. She achieved critical acclaim for her works, including the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel "In This Our Life." Throughout her career, Glasgow published a total of 20 novels and numerous short stories, showcasing her talent and dedication to the craft of writing. As a lifelong Virginian, she offered insights into the changing societal landscape of the South, diverging from the idealistic themes prevalent in Southern literature post-Reconstruction.

Georgius Agricola was a prominent German Humanist scholar, mineralogist, and metallurgist recognized for his influential achievements in mineralogy and geology. He is renowned for his pioneering work in modern chemistry terminology, significant publications on mining and metallurgy, and more than 40 scholarly works in diverse fields. Agricola's dedication to broad-based learning and research revolutionized production and control methods, establishing him as a key figure in the scientific progress of the Renaissance era.

Yoshida Shōin was a prominent intellectual during the late Tokugawa shogunate era in Japan. He was known for his dedication to educating and mentoring a group of ishin shishi, who played significant roles in the Meiji Restoration. Shōin's professional life was focused on fostering intellectual and patriotic ideals among his disciples, inspiring them to contribute to the restoration of imperial rule in Japan. Through his teachings and guidance, Shōin left a lasting impact on the political and intellectual landscape of his time.

Carl Owen Hubbell, known as "King Carl," was a renowned Major League Baseball pitcher for the New York Giants from 1928 to 1943. He was a two-time National League Most Valuable Player and was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1947. Hubbell held the record for consecutive wins by a pitcher in 1936 and 1937. His legendary performance in the 1934 All-Star Game, where he struck out five Hall of Famers in a row, solidified his legacy. Hubbell's signature pitch was the screwball.

Jacques de Vaucanson was a renowned French inventor and artist recognized for his groundbreaking contributions to the Industrial Revolution. He is credited with inventing the first all-metal lathe, a pivotal innovation in the development of machine tools. This lathe, known as the mother of machine tools, laid the groundwork for the advancement of other machinery. Vaucanson was also celebrated for his inventive automata and is acknowledged as the pioneer behind the design of an automatic loom. His professional legacy is characterized by his significant impact on mechanization and automation.

Maurice-Georges Paléologue, a distinguished French diplomat, historian, and essayist, made significant contributions during the First World War. As the French ambassador to Russia, he played a vital role in promoting French participation in the war and backing Russian mobilization against Germany. Paléologue's expertise in diplomacy and history played a crucial role in shaping important decisions during this challenging period. Furthermore, he demonstrated his literary skills through the publication of novels and essays, establishing himself as a versatile and influential figure in French intellectual circles.

Chester Yorton, or Chet Yorton, was a well-known American bodybuilder who championed drug-free bodybuilding. He was widely recognized as "The Father of Natural Bodybuilding" for promoting training methods without steroids. Notably, Yorton achieved victory over Arnold Schwarzenegger at the 1966 NABBA Mr. Universe event in London. Throughout his career, he was committed to highlighting the advantages of natural bodybuilding and encouraging others to adopt a healthy, drug-free lifestyle in the sport.

Daniel Mann, professionally known as Daniel Mann, was an accomplished American stage, film, and television director recognized for his work between 1952 and 1987. Trained by Sanford Meisner as an actor, Mann transitioned into directing, showcasing his talent through over 31 feature films and made-for-television productions. Renowned as an "actor's director," he guided numerous acclaimed performances, working with top talents such as Burt Lancaster, Shirley Booth, Susan Hayward, Marlon Brando, Elizabeth Taylor, Dean Martin, and Anthony Quinn. Mann received multiple prestigious nominations, including for the Palme d'Or, Directors Guild of America Awards, and a Golden Bear.

Wilko Johnson, a prominent English guitarist, singer, and songwriter, is known for his unique fingerstyle guitar playing. He was a member of Dr. Feelgood in the 1970s, contributing to the pub rock and rhythm and blues scene. Johnson's influential guitar style, characterized by a percussive sound, had a significant impact on music and influenced the English punk movement. Artists like Paul Weller have acknowledged his talent. In addition to his musical career, Johnson has also pursued acting, notably appearing in the popular series Game of Thrones.

Asja Lācis was a Latvian actress and theatre director recognized for her contributions to Soviet and Latvian theatre in the 1920s. She specialized in establishing proletarian theatre groups for children and agitprop shows. Lācis advocated for utilizing children's theatre to educate disadvantaged youth. Following this period, she relocated to Germany and partnered with prominent individuals such as Bertolt Brecht and Erwin Piscator. Lācis notably influenced the German philosopher Walter Benjamin, shaping his adoption of Marxism.

Fernando Fernán Gómez was a versatile and acclaimed Spanish entertainer and artist who made a significant impact on Spanish cinema and theater. Throughout his career spanning over six decades, he excelled as an actor, screenwriter, film director, theater director, novelist, and playwright. His work was recognized with prestigious awards such as Silver Bears at the Berlin International Film Festival and multiple Goya Awards. Collaborating with renowned directors, Fernán Gómez showcased his talent and versatility in a wide variety of films, leaving behind a lasting legacy in the world of entertainment.

Linda Haglund was a celebrated Swedish Olympic sprinter recognized for her remarkable speed and agility in track events. She excelled in her professional career by competing in prestigious athletic tournaments at both national and international levels. Haglund's commitment to her sport was evident through her rigorous training regimen aimed at enhancing her sprinting abilities and achieving outstanding outcomes. Her exceptional talent and work ethic established her as a formidable contender in the realm of athletics, leaving behind a lasting impact on the sport.

Károly Kisfaludy was a distinguished Hungarian dramatist and artist renowned for his influential contributions to the national drama. He was instrumental in molding the Hungarian theater scene and founding the national drama movement. Kisfaludy's works were praised for their cultural importance and artistic excellence, establishing a enduring legacy in Hungarian literature and theater. His creativity and commitment to advancing national drama have had a lasting influence on the Hungarian artistic community.

Gardner McKay was a multi-talented American actor, artist, and author known for his lead role as Adam Troy in the TV series Adventures in Paradise. The show, based on James Michener's writings, followed the adventures of a Korean War veteran who owned a schooner named Tiki III and sailed the South Pacific. McKay's portrayal of Troy captivated audiences during the show's three-season run on ABC, totaling 91 episodes. McKay's professional life was marked by his versatile talents in acting, art, and writing.

Bernard Rimland was an American research psychologist, writer, and lecturer renowned for his work in developmental disorders. His groundbreaking book, Infantile Autism, revolutionized perspectives on autism and led to significant changes in public attitudes towards the disorder. Rimland's influence extended through his founding and leadership of the Autism Society of America (ASA) and the Autism Research Institute. While he promoted theories that have since been disproven, such as vaccine denial and controversial treatments, Rimland's impact on the field of developmental disorders remains significant.

Rena Kanokogi was a trailblazing American judo expert who made significant contributions to the sport. She gained recognition for her talent by winning a medal at a YMCA judo tournament while disguised as a man, before revealing her true identity. Kanokogi broke barriers by becoming the first woman allowed to train with men at the prestigious Kodokan in Japan. She played a key role in introducing women's judo competition to the Olympic Games and is fondly remembered as "The Mother of Women's Judo".

Ray Kappe was an influential American architect and educator known for founding the Southern California Institute of Architecture in 1972. He was a pioneer in architectural theory and practice, focusing on sustainability and prefabricated residences. Kappe's contributions extended to modular home design with LivingHomes in 2003. His dedication to pushing the boundaries of architectural design and his commitment to sustainable practices left a lasting impact on the field, solidifying his legacy as a visionary in the architectural community.

Gunnar Gunnarsson, an Icelandic author, wrote primarily in Danish and gained popularity in the first half of the 20th century. He was well-known as a novelist in Denmark and Germany. Gunnarsson's notable works include the novel "Af Borgslægtens Historie" translated into English as "Guest the One-Eyed," which was later adapted into a movie. Another significant work by him is the autobiographical novel "The Church on the Mountain." Gunnarsson is regarded as one of the most important Icelandic writers of his era.

Édouard Cyrille "Newsy" Lalonde was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward and lacrosse player, known as one of the greatest players in both sports during the first half of the 20th century. He played for the Montreal Canadiens in the National Hockey Association and the NHL, earning the nickname the "Flying Frenchman." Lalonde also showcased his skills with the WCHL's Saskatoon Sheiks. His dynamic playing style and colorful personality made him a standout figure in the history of Canadian sports.

Sir Martin Frobisher was an English sailor and privateer famous for his expeditions to the New World in search of the North-west Passage. He discovered Frobisher Bay and Baffin Island during multiple voyages. Frobisher erroneously thought he found gold ore on his second voyage, sparking unsuccessful mining endeavors. He also conducted privateering raids against French ships and contributed to the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, which led to his knighthood.

Maurice Vachon, known as Mad Dog Vachon, began as an amateur wrestler before transitioning to professional wrestling. He gained fame in the American Wrestling Association as a top heel with a wild style and intense interviews. Vachon held the AWA World Heavyweight Championship five times and later became a fan favorite, notably in Quebec. After retiring in 1986, he faced a life-changing event with the amputation of one leg due to a hit-and-run accident. Vachon's influence in wrestling led to his induction into various halls of fame.

Hermann Sudermann was a renowned German dramatist and novelist celebrated for his impactful contributions to literature during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His works delved into themes such as love, society, and human nature, earning him widespread recognition for his insightful explorations. Sudermann's career saw a blend of critical acclaim and commercial triumph, with his plays and novels being extensively performed and translated. His writings provided a profound reflection of the evolving social dynamics of his era, offering valuable commentary on the complexities of the human experience that continues to resonate with readers and scholars alike.

Jess McMahon Sr. was a prominent figure in the world of professional wrestling and boxing. He played a key role as a promoter in both industries, being known for his innovative approach and business acumen. His involvement in the founding of Capitol Wrestling Corporation remains a topic of debate, with some sources attributing the establishment to him. McMahon's legacy is marked by his contributions to the growth and development of professional wrestling, laying the foundation for the success of future generations in the McMahon family.

Thomas Gresham the Elder, an English merchant and financier, is renowned for his service to the English monarchy. He represented King Edward VI, Queen Mary I, and Queen Elizabeth I. In 1565, he established the Royal Exchange in the City of London, a pivotal financial and commercial hub. Gresham's influence in economic and financial matters during the Tudor era was instrumental in advancing trade and commerce in England, thanks to his astute business skills and close ties to the royal family.

Tao Yuanming, a Chinese poet and politician from the Six Dynasties period, was known for his reclusive lifestyle and literary contributions. He spent much of his life in seclusion, focusing on farming, reading, and writing poems that reflected on life's pleasures and challenges. His simple and direct writing style distinguished him from his peers. Regarded as a recluse during the Tang dynasty, Tao Yuanming later gained recognition for his authentic and spontaneous poetry, becoming a prominent figure in Fields and Gardens poetry.

Sir Cyril Astley Clarke was a renowned British physician, geneticist, and lepidopterist noted for his pioneering contributions to medicine and genetics. He was celebrated for his innovative research on preventing Rh disease in newborns and for his studies on the genetics of Lepidoptera, particularly butterflies and moths. His expertise and commitment in these areas garnered him global recognition and established him as a prominent figure in the scientific world. Clarke's work remains a source of inspiration and continues to shape advancements in these fields.

Julian Jaynes was an American psychologist who taught at Yale and Princeton for nearly 25 years. He is best known for his influential 1976 book, The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind, which tackled the problem of consciousness. Jaynes' work spanned various disciplines, such as neuroscience, linguistics, psychology, archaeology, history, religion, and analysis of ancient texts. He explored the difference between external perceptions of individuals and their internal sense of self, deep feelings, and consciousness throughout human history.

James Hogg was a Scottish poet, novelist, and essayist who wrote in both Scots and English. He began his career as a shepherd and farmhand before becoming a self-educated writer through extensive reading. Hogg was known for his association with prominent writers of his time, such as Sir Walter Scott, and gained recognition as the "Ettrick Shepherd." He wrote under this pseudonym for some of his works and was featured in the popular series Noctes Ambrosianae. His notable works include the novel "The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner" and other literary pieces like "The Queen's Wake," "Jacobite Relics," "The Three Perils of Man," and "The Three Perils of Woman."

Bob Foster was an American professional boxer known for competing in the light heavyweight and heavyweight divisions. He won the world light heavyweight title in 1968 by defeating Dick Tiger and successfully defended it 14 times against 13 different opponents. Foster faced notable boxers such as Joe Frazier and Muhammad Ali during his career, although he was knocked out by both. He was recognized for his punching power and was included in Ring's list of 100 Greatest Punchers of all time. Foster was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1990.

García Ramírez of Navarre, also known as García IV, V, VI, or VII, reigned as King of Navarre from 1134. His election marked the restoration of Navarre's independence following a prolonged period of union with the Kingdom of Aragon. He formed an alliance with King Alfonso VII of León and Castile, actively supporting the Reconquista. García Ramírez strategically maneuvered through political challenges and alliances, enhancing Navarre's standing and aiding in the Christian reconquest of Spain.

Vern Mikkelsen was a prominent American professional basketball player known for his tenacious defense and ironman playing style in the 1950s. A six-time All-Star and four-time Second Team All-Pro, he was inducted into the NAIA Basketball Hall of Fame and the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1995. Mikkelsen was a key player in winning four championships with the Minneapolis Lakers, now the Los Angeles Lakers, alongside George Mikan and Slater Martin. He was also an All-American in college and held a master's degree from the University of Minnesota.

David Nolan was a prominent American activist and politician known for co-founding the Libertarian Party of the United States in 1971. He held various key roles within the party, such as National Committee Chair and editor of the party newsletter. Nolan is recognized for creating the Nolan Chart, a two-dimensional political model that distinguishes between economic and social freedom. This innovation has remained influential over the years, with widespread distribution and adoption, including as the "World's Smallest Political Quiz" by Advocates for Self-Government.

Sara García Hidalgo was a prominent Mexican actress known for her roles during the "Golden Age of Mexican cinema." Throughout the 1940s and 1950s, she portrayed no-nonsense yet affectionate grandmothers in various Mexican films. Later on, she transitioned to acting in Mexican telenovelas. Her iconic nickname, La Abuelita de México ("Mexico's Grandmother"), reflects her enduring legacy in the entertainment industry. García's career was marked by her memorable performances that endeared her to audiences and solidified her status as a beloved figure in Mexican cinema and television.

Phao Sriyanond, a Police General in Thailand, served as director general of the national police. However, his tenure was marred by controversy due to his harsh treatment of political opponents. His actions ultimately led to his exile from the country. Sriyanond's use of power raised concerns about human rights abuses and authoritarian behavior within the Thai law enforcement system.

Joseph McKenna was a prominent American politician who had a distinguished career spanning all three branches of the U.S. federal government. He served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, as U.S. Attorney General, and as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court. McKenna is recognized as one of seventeen individuals who transitioned from the House of Representatives to the Supreme Court, a group that includes two Chief Justices. His contributions to American law and governance were significant and lasting.

Francis Burton Harrison was an American statesman who served in the United States House of Representatives and was appointed governor-general of the Philippines by President Woodrow Wilson. He played a significant role as an adviser to the president of the Philippine Commonwealth and the subsequent four presidents of the Republic of the Philippines. Harrison is notable for being the only former governor-general of the Philippines to be granted Philippine citizenship, reflecting his deep involvement and influence in the political landscape of the Philippines.

Anne McCaffrey was a pioneering American writer known for her Dragonriders of Pern series in the science fiction genre. She was the first woman to win both a Hugo Award and a Nebula Award for her novellas. Her novel, The White Dragon, was one of the first science-fiction books to be featured on the New York Times Best Seller list. McCaffrey received prestigious accolades such as the Grand Master title and the Robert A. Heinlein Award for her contributions to the genre.

Kim Du-han, also known as Kim Doo-han, was a notable figure in South Korea, with a diverse career encompassing roles as a mobster, anti-communist activist, and politician. Engaging in organized crime and anti-communist advocacy, he also made significant forays into politics, leveraging his relationships and influence to shape South Korea's political environment. As an outlet for creative expression, he adopted the art name Uisong.

Paula Modersohn-Becker was a pioneering German Expressionist painter known for her groundbreaking nude self-portraits and significant contributions to early expressionism. She created over 700 paintings and more than 1000 drawings during her career. Modersohn-Becker was the first woman artist to paint nude self-portraits and have a museum dedicated solely to her work. Her innovative depictions of pregnancy in art solidified her as a trailblazer in the art world. Tragically, her promising career was cut short by her untimely death from postpartum embolism at the age of 31.

Antonin Raymond, a Czech American architect, had a distinguished career spanning six decades. He gained valuable experience working with prominent architects such as Cass Gilbert and Frank Lloyd Wright, which shaped his innovative approach to using concrete for texture and structure. Raymond's work in New Hope, Pennsylvania, and Tokyo showcased his fusion of traditional Japanese building techniques with modern American innovations. His diverse portfolio includes residential, commercial, religious, and institutional projects in Japan, America, India, and the Philippines, solidifying his legacy as a pioneer of modern architecture in Japan.

Jean-Baptiste Henri-Dominique Lacordaire was a prominent French ecclesiastic, theologian, preacher, journalist, and political activist. He played a crucial role in re-establishing the Dominican Order in post-Revolutionary France. Widely hailed as the greatest pulpit orator of the nineteenth century, Lacordaire captivated audiences with his powerful and persuasive speaking style. His professional life was dedicated to promoting religious and social causes, combining theological expertise with activism and communication to make a significant impact on French society.

Emmanuel d'Alzon was a French Catholic priest renowned for founding the Assumptionists, a religious congregation focused on education, evangelization, and social justice. He played a significant role in the Catholic Church in France during the 19th century, advocating for social reforms and defending the authority of the Pope. D'Alzon was a prolific writer, theologian, and educator, emphasizing the importance of education in fostering faith and promoting social change. His dedication to the Church and commitment to serving the marginalized left a lasting impact on the Catholic community.

Angelo Soliman, also known as Mmadi Make, was an influential figure in Austrian society as a Freemason and courtier. He rose to prominence in Vienna through his involvement in Freemasonry and his position as a courtier. Soliman's professional life was marked by his contributions to Viennese society and his active participation in Freemasonry activities. He played a significant role in both social and intellectual circles, leaving a lasting impact on the community during his time in Austria.

Hassan Gouled Aptidon was the first President of Djibouti, serving from 1977 to 1999. He played a significant role in the country's independence from France and was instrumental in establishing Djibouti as a sovereign nation. Aptidon focused on fostering economic development, maintaining political stability, and promoting regional cooperation during his presidency. He also worked towards strengthening Djibouti's international relations, particularly with neighboring countries and key global partners. Aptidon's leadership laid the foundation for Djibouti's growth and stability in the post-independence era.

Yury (Georgy) Danilovich held the titles of Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of Vladimir. He engaged in a power struggle with his uncle Mikhail of Tver over the title of Grand Prince of Vladimir, eventually forming an alliance with the Golden Horde. Yury encountered difficulties in gathering tribute for the Horde, resulting in punitive actions being taken against him. Despite facing opposition, he conducted military campaigns against the Swedes and established a fortress along the Neva River. His rule was characterized by political maneuvering, military conflicts, and efforts to maintain authority in the region.

Quentin Crisp was a renowned English raconteur known for his work as an artist's model before gaining fame through his memoir, "The Naked Civil Servant." He became a gay icon celebrated for his flamboyant personality, fashion sense, and wit. His professional career included serving as a model for art colleges for three decades, delivering interviews on his unique life experiences, and captivating audiences with his one-man stage show in both Britain and America. Despite controversy, he continued to defy conventions and express his personal views on various societal issues.

Khalil el-Moumni was a Moroccan imam known for preaching at the An-Nasr Mosque in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. He gained controversy for his views on homosexuality, leading to conflicts with Dutch politician Pim Fortuyn. El-Moumni faced bans in Morocco for discussing societal injustices. He was involved in a legal battle in the Netherlands over discriminatory statements against homosexuals, which were ultimately permitted under freedom of religious expression. El-Moumni retired after a 46-year career in 2006, emphasizing the mosque's role in both prayer and civil activities.

Gabriele Tinti was a talented Italian actor known for his work in film and television. Throughout his career, he showcased his versatile acting skills in a wide range of roles, captivating audiences with his performances. His dedication to the craft and ability to portray characters with depth and authenticity set him apart in the industry. Tinti collaborated with various renowned directors and co-stars, leaving a lasting impact on the world of cinema with his memorable contributions to the art of acting.

Walter Rilla was a prolific German film actor known for his significant contribution to over 130 films spanning a career from 1922 to 1977. His versatility and talent enabled him to portray a wide range of characters, earning him recognition and respect in the industry. Rilla's performances showcased his skill in bringing depth and authenticity to his roles, captivating audiences with his compelling on-screen presence. His dedication to the craft of acting solidified his reputation as a notable figure in German cinema history.

Tom Johnson was a prominent Canadian ice hockey player and executive. He played for the Montreal Canadiens and Boston Bruins in the NHL. After his playing career, he transitioned into management, serving as the assistant manager and coach for the Bruins. Johnson's contributions to the sport were recognized with the Norris Trophy in 1959 and induction into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1970. His legacy in hockey is marked by his skill on the ice and his leadership in management roles, leaving a lasting impact on the sport.

Konstantin Petrovich Feoktistov was a notable Russian engineer and cosmonaut in the Soviet space program. He achieved a significant milestone by participating in the Voskhod 1 mission, which marked the first time a spacecraft carried three crew members. Feoktistov's influence extended beyond his spaceflights, as he authored several books on space technology and exploration. His expertise and commitment to space exploration are commemorated by a crater on the far side of the Moon named in his honor, underscoring his enduring impact on the field of astronautics.

Mutesa II of Buganda was the 35th Kabaka of Buganda, serving from 1939 until his death. He was the first president of Uganda from 1962 to 1966, before being overthrown by Milton Obote. Mutesa was a staunch advocate for Buganda's autonomy and independence, leading to conflicts with Obote. He attempted to secede Buganda in 1953, was deposed and exiled by the British, but returned after a popular backlash. His political alliance with Obote deteriorated, leading to his overthrow and exile in the UK.

Herbert Saffir, an American civil engineer, co-developed the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale with meteorologist Robert Simpson. The scale, widely used to gauge hurricane intensity, was a notable contribution to the field. Saffir, as the principal of Saffir Engineering in Coral Gables, Florida, specialized in designing buildings for optimal wind resistance. His articles on this topic highlighted his engineering prowess and commitment to enhancing building resilience against natural disasters.

Grayson Kirk was a distinguished American political scientist recognized for his leadership as the president of Columbia University during the turbulent protests of 1968. He was a key advisor to the State Department, making substantial contributions to its functioning. Kirk's impact was also felt on the global platform, particularly in shaping the establishment of the United Nations, highlighting his proficiency in diplomacy and international governance. His professional heritage is characterized by his influential roles in academia, government advisory positions, and international diplomacy.

Heinrich von Kleist was a renowned German writer recognized for his significant contributions to poetry, drama, novels, and journalism. His notable works include plays such as Das Käthchen von Heilbronn and Amphitryon, as well as novellas like Michael Kohlhaas and The Marquise of O. Kleist's literary accomplishments have had a lasting impact on German literature, leading to the establishment of the prestigious Kleist Prize in his honor. The Kleist Theater in Frankfurt an der Oder also pays tribute to his legacy as a playwright and author.

Leopold Berchtold was an influential Austro-Hungarian politician and diplomat who served as Imperial Foreign Minister during World War I. He played a crucial role in crafting the foreign policy of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, especially leading up to the war. Berchtold was deeply involved in important diplomatic decisions and negotiations, which had significant implications for the progression of the conflict.

Diego, Prince of Asturias, was invested as Prince of Asturias in 1580. He was educated by his father, King Philip II, who taught him the Portuguese language and planned a strategic marriage alliance for him. Diego was highly regarded by his father who was proud of his progress in learning. Unfortunately, Diego's promising future was cut short when he died of smallpox at the age of 7, leaving his younger brother to ascend the throne as King Philip III.

Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj served as the Sultan of Selangor from 1960 and later became the eleventh Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia) from 1999 until his passing in 2001. Throughout his professional life, he played a significant role in governing and developing Selangor and had a strong impact on the national leadership of Malaysia. Sultan Salahuddin was widely recognized for his dedication to public service, his commitment to the welfare of his people, and his efforts in promoting unity and progress in the country.

Roy Chamberlain "Polly" Wolfe was a professional baseball player who played as a right fielder for the Chicago White Sox in Major League Baseball during the 1912 and 1914 seasons. Wolfe had a brief career, with limited appearances including one as a pinch hitter in 1912 and eight appearances in 1914. Despite batting .214 for his career, Wolfe's fielding percentage was impacted by one error, standing at .875. He holds the distinction of being part of the exclusive group of players to have played at Wahconah Park.

Sir John Hill was a versatile English composer, actor, author, and botanist. He was known for his contributions to contemporary periodicals and engaging in literary battles with poets, playwrights, and scientists. His most notable work was the illustrated botanical compendium The Vegetable System, which utilized the nomenclature of Carl Linnaeus. Hill's efforts were recognized when he was made a knight of the Order of Vasa in 1774 by Gustav III of Sweden, leading him to adopt the title Sir John Hill.

Gregory Anthony Halman, a Dutch professional baseball outfielder, played for the Seattle Mariners in Major League Baseball during the 2010 and 2011 seasons. He represented the Netherlands national team in the 2007 European Baseball Championship and the 2009 World Baseball Classic. Tragically, Halman passed away from stab wounds in Rotterdam after the 2011 MLB season. His career was notable for his contributions to both his MLB and national teams, demonstrating his talent and dedication to the sport.

Ricardo Flores Magón was a Mexican anarchist and social reform activist who was instrumental in the social movement that led to the Mexican Revolution. He, along with his brothers, formed a group called the Magonistas. Throughout his professional life, Flores Magón dedicated himself to advocating for social change and questioning the established political system in Mexico. His writings and activism served as inspiration for many individuals to strive for a fairer and more just society.

Harald Leipnitz was a renowned German actor celebrated for his significant contributions to the entertainment industry. Throughout his extensive career, he demonstrated remarkable versatility by embodying diverse characters in various stage and screen productions. Known for his profound and authentic portrayals, Leipnitz garnered acclaim as a talented and committed artist. His performances resonated deeply with audiences and peers, establishing him as a revered figure in German cinema and theater.

A.J.M. Smith was a prominent Canadian poet and anthologist recognized for his modernist approach within a Victorian-rooted culture. He played a pivotal role in the Montreal Group of poets, where he collaborated with notable figures such as Leon Edel, Leo Kennedy, A. M. Klein, and F. R. Scott. Smith's innovative style and thematic contributions greatly impacted the Canadian literary scene. Beyond his poetry, he actively shaped the cultural and artistic landscape of his time through his writing and collaborations with fellow poets.

David Dacko was a prominent Central African politician who held various significant positions in the government, including serving as the first President of the Central African Republic from 1960 to 1966 and later as the third President from 1979 to 1981. He also acted as the Prime Minister before assuming the presidency. Despite facing two coups that removed him from power, Dacko remained active in politics as an opposition leader and presidential candidate with a strong following, shaping the political landscape of the country for over five decades.

Dorothy Jeakins was an accomplished American costume designer known for her exceptional work in film and theater. With a career spanning several decades, she made significant contributions to the entertainment industry with her innovative and detailed costume designs. Jeakins worked on numerous acclaimed films and stage productions, earning recognition for her creativity and attention to historical accuracy. Her work showcased a deep understanding of character and story, solidifying her reputation as a talented and influential figure in the world of costume design.

Richard Harris Leigh was a successful novelist and short story writer known for his work in the United Kingdom. He obtained a Bachelor's degree from Tufts University, followed by a master's degree from the University of Chicago, and ultimately a PhD from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. Throughout his career, Leigh made significant contributions to the literary world with his compelling storytelling and unique writing style, leaving a lasting impact on readers and fellow writers alike.

Kaysone Phomvihane was a prominent political figure in Laos, serving as the first leader of the Communist Lao People's Revolutionary Party. He played a key role in the establishment of the Lao People's Democratic Republic, serving as its first Prime Minister and later as the second President. Kaysone was a central figure in Laotian politics from 1955 until his death in 1992, effectively leading the country following the Communist takeover after the Laotian Civil War. His leadership spanned several important decades in Laos' history.

François Marius Granet was a renowned French painter celebrated for his exceptional talent and significant impact on the art scene. He was acclaimed for his skillful use of light and shadow, evident in his landscape and architectural artworks. Granet's paintings frequently featured the French countryside and historical sites, displaying his remarkable attention to detail and artistic proficiency. He was highly esteemed by his peers, and his masterpieces are still revered for their beauty and complexity, establishing his enduring reputation as a distinguished artist of the 19th century.

Tsering Dolma was a key figure in Tibetan politics and diplomacy. She served as a midwife during the birth of the 14th Dalai Lama and later married a Tibetan politician. She played a crucial role in diplomatic missions to India and China, meeting with leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Mao Zedong. Following the Tibetan uprising in 1959, she fled to India and dedicated herself to humanitarian efforts, establishing Tibetan Children's Villages and aiding in the management of refugee camps. Her legacy lives on through her contributions to the welfare of Tibetan children and refugees.

William de Corbeil, a medieval Archbishop of Canterbury, was a theologian who served as a clerk for the bishops of Durham and London before becoming an Augustinian canon. Elected as Archbishop of Canterbury in 1123, he was the first canon to hold this position. William was appointed as the papal legate for England by Pope Honorius II, leading to a dispute with the Archbishop of York. Known for his concern for the morals of the clergy, he presided over legatine councils condemning the purchase of benefices and advocating celibacy. A skilled builder, he constructed notable buildings such as the keep of Rochester Castle.

Ami Boué was a renowned geologist known for his pioneering work in producing one of the first geological maps of the world. He traveled extensively across Europe, studying geology and ethnology, and was trained in Edinburgh. Boué's professional life was dedicated to advancing the field of geology through his research and discoveries, leaving a lasting impact on the scientific community and solidifying his legacy as a significant figure in the history of geology.

Clemente Solaro, Count della Margherita, was a prominent Piedmontese statesman known for his significant contributions to the political landscape of his time. He held various important positions throughout his career, demonstrating strong leadership and diplomatic skills. Count della Margherita played a key role in shaping policies and decisions that impacted the region, earning a reputation for his commitment to public service and reform. His legacy as a statesman continues to be remembered for his dedication to advancing the interests of Piedmont and his enduring impact on the political history of the region.

Philipp Emanuel von Fellenberg was a renowned Swiss educationalist and agronomist celebrated for his groundbreaking work in education and agriculture. He established various educational establishments, notably the Hofwil Agricultural Institute in Switzerland, where he introduced innovative concepts in practical education. Fellenberg promoted the integration of theoretical learning with practical application, transforming conventional teaching approaches. His influence persists globally, inspiring educators and farmers alike and underscoring his lasting imprint on these domains.

Frank Martin, a Swiss composer, was celebrated for his extensive career in the Netherlands. His innovative and diverse compositions, which encompassed symphonies, operas, and chamber music, earned him recognition. Martin's works were characterized by a fusion of traditional and modern styles, demonstrating his distinct musical expression. Over the course of his career, he garnered various accolades and honors for his significant contributions to the classical music sphere, establishing himself as a revered and impactful figure in the realm of composition.

Șerban Ionescu was a renowned Romanian actor celebrated for his remarkable talent and immense contributions to the entertainment field. His career was marked by exceptional acting abilities and a versatile portrayal of diverse characters in both theater and film. He mesmerized audiences with his performances, receiving critical praise and significantly influencing Romanian theater and cinema. Ionescu's unwavering dedication to his craft and his profound passion for acting shone through his roles, underscoring his commitment to the art and establishing him as a highly esteemed figure in the industry.

Harold "Hal" Sydney Geneen was a prominent American businessman known for his role as president of the ITT Corporation. Geneen transformed ITT into a global conglomerate, expanding its operations into various industries such as telecommunications, manufacturing, and finance. Under his leadership, ITT experienced significant growth and profitability. Geneen was recognized for his strategic vision, bold decision-making, and innovative management style. His successful tenure at ITT solidified his reputation as a highly influential business leader in the corporate world.

Mountifort Longfield was a distinguished figure in 19th-century Ireland, renowned for his influential work in law, academia, and mathematics. He held the esteemed position of the inaugural Professor of Political Economy at Trinity College, Dublin, where he made notable advancements in the discipline. Longfield's expertise extended to law and judging, establishing him as a respected and versatile scholar who left a lasting impact on Irish academic and legal spheres.

Nina Ivanovna Ruslanova was a distinguished Soviet and Russian theater and film actress, renowned for her exceptional talent and contributions to the performing arts. Throughout her illustrious career, she graced the stage and screen with remarkable performances that captivated audiences. Her dedication and skill were recognized with the prestigious title of People's Artist of Russia in 1998, underscoring her significant impact on the cultural landscape. Ruslanova's legacy as a versatile and accomplished actress endures, leaving a lasting imprint on the world of entertainment.

Peter Berling was a versatile German actor, film producer, and writer acclaimed for his collaborations with director Werner Herzog, notably working alongside actor Klaus Kinski in iconic films such as Aguirre, the Wrath of God, Fitzcarraldo, and Cobra Verde. Berling also explored medieval novels, integrating conspiracy theories surrounding the Priory of Sion. Throughout his professional journey in the entertainment industry, he demonstrated his talent and creativity across different platforms until his passing in 2017.

Maria of Bulgaria was a prominent figure in Byzantine society, known for her active involvement in political and social circles. She held a position of influence as the wife of protovestiarios and domestikos ton scholon Andronikos Doukas. Maria's professional life was marked by her strategic alliances and connections within the Byzantine court, where she played a role in shaping political decisions. Her status and connections allowed her to exert influence and support her daughter's rise to power as Empress Irene Doukaina.