Famous Indian Political Leaders

Mahatma Gandhi was an Indian lawyer and political ethicist known for his leadership in the nonviolent resistance movement against British rule in India. He trained in law in London and later represented Indian interests in South Africa. Gandhi returned to India and organized campaigns for civil rights, self-rule, and social reforms. He became the leader of the Indian National Congress, advocating for poverty alleviation, women's rights, and religious harmony. Gandhi's legacy includes his role in India's independence, promotion of nonviolence, and influence on civil rights movements worldwide.

Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was an Indian jurist, economist, social reformer, and political leader who played a significant role in shaping modern India. He headed the committee drafting the Constitution of India, served as Law and Justice minister, and inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement. Ambedkar's academic achievements include earning doctorates in economics from Columbia University and the London School of Economics. He also trained in law at Gray's Inn, London. Throughout his career, he engaged in advocacy for political rights and social freedom for Dalits and contributed to the establishment of the Indian state.

Narendra Modi is an Indian politician serving as the current Prime Minister of India since 2014. He was the chief minister of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014 and is a Member of Parliament for Varanasi. Modi is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS). He has been praised for encouraging economic growth but criticized for his administration's handling of the 2002 Gujarat riots. Modi's policies include increased foreign investment, demonetisation, and the Citizenship Amendment Act, sparking both support and controversy.

Indira Gandhi was a prominent Indian politician and stateswoman, serving as the prime minister of India from 1966 to 1977 and again from 1980 until her assassination in 1984. She was known for her tough and uncompromising political stances, centralization of power, and leadership during key events such as conflicts with China and Pakistan. Gandhi initiated India's successful nuclear weapon test, strengthened ties with the Soviet Union, and faced challenges such as the state of emergency and Sikh separatism. She is remembered for her geopolitical victories and anti-poverty efforts.

Subhas Chandra Bose was an Indian nationalist who defied British authority, becoming a hero to many. He joined the Indian National Congress, eventually becoming its president. Bose's contentious relationship with Congress leaders led to his resignation and ousting. Seeking support for India's independence, he aligned with Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan, forming the Indian National Army with Japanese assistance. Bose's military efforts were short-lived, culminating in defeat and his death in a plane crash. His legacy remains mixed, with admiration for his nationalist fervor tempered by his alliances with authoritarian regimes.

Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was an Indian barrister and politician who played a crucial role in the country's independence movement. He served as the first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of India, where he worked towards political integration and relief efforts for partition refugees. Patel was a key figure in the Indian National Congress, known for his leadership in organising civil disobedience movements against British rule. His commitment to national unity earned him the title "Iron Man of India," and he was instrumental in establishing the All India Services system.

Jawaharlal Nehru was an Indian anti-colonial nationalist, secular humanist, social democrat, author, and statesman. He was a central figure in India during the 20th century, serving as the country's first prime minister for 16 years. Nehru promoted parliamentary democracy, secularism, and science and technology, shaping India's development as a modern nation. He played a key role in the Indian nationalist movement, led the Congress party, and championed independence from British rule. Nehru's legacy includes establishing Non-Aligned Movement and implementing economic, social, and political reforms.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak was an Indian nationalist, teacher, and independence activist, known for his strong advocacy of Swaraj ('self-rule'). He was a key figure in the Indian independence movement and part of the Lal Bal Pal triumvirate. Tilak's leadership and radical ideas earned him the title of "Lokmanya" and he was instrumental in shaping modern India. He formed alliances with prominent leaders, including Mahatma Gandhi, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai, and Muhammad Ali Jinnah, in the fight for Indian independence.

Kumaraswami Kamaraj, popularly known as K. Kamaraj, was an Indian independence activist and influential politician. He served as the Chief Minister of Madras State, playing a key role in developing infrastructure and improving the quality of life for the disadvantaged. Kamaraj introduced free education for children and expanded the Midday Meal Scheme, leading to increased school enrollment and literacy rates. Known for his simplicity and integrity, he was instrumental in promoting education and was posthumously awarded India's highest civilian honour, the Bharat Ratna.

Rajendra Prasad was an Indian politician, lawyer, journalist, and scholar who played a pivotal role in the Indian independence movement. He served as the first president of India from 1950 to 1962. Prasad joined the Indian National Congress, becoming a prominent leader from Bihar. He was a staunch supporter of Mahatma Gandhi and actively participated in various movements against British rule. Prasad held key government positions, including Minister of Food and Agriculture, and was instrumental in drafting the Indian Constitution. He set a precedent for non-partisanship during his presidency and focused on promoting education in India.

Morarji Ranchhodji Desai was an Indian independence activist and politician who served as the Prime Minister of India between 1977 and 1979 leading the government formed by the Janata Party. Throughout his political career, Desai held various significant positions in the government, including Chief Minister of Bombay State, Home Minister, Finance Minister, and 2nd Deputy Prime Minister of India. He was known for his peace activism and efforts to promote friendly relations between India, Pakistan, and China, advocating against armed conflicts. Desai was honored with the highest civilian awards from both India and Pakistan for his contributions to diplomacy and politics.

Chandra Shekhar Azad was an Indian revolutionary who played a significant role in reorganizing the Hindustan Republican Association into the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. He took on the pseudonym "Balraj" while leading the HSRA as its commander-in-chief. Azad was known for his fierce patriotism and bravery in the fight for India's independence. He was a key figure in several revolutionary activities and movements, inspiring many with his dedication and commitment to the cause. Azad's legacy continues to be celebrated for his contributions to India's freedom struggle.

Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, also known as Rajaji or C.R., was an Indian statesman, writer, lawyer, and independence activist. He served as the last Governor-General of India, leader of the Indian National Congress, Premier of the Madras Presidency, Governor of West Bengal, Minister for Home Affairs of the Indian Union, and Chief Minister of Madras state. Rajagopalachari founded the Swatantra Party and received India's highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna. He advocated for world peace, disarmament, and Dalit upliftment, while also pioneering temperance and temple entry movements.

Nirmala Sitharaman is an Indian economist and senior leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). She has served as the Minister of Finance and Minister of Corporate Affairs of the Government of India since 2019. Prior to these roles, she was the Defence Minister from 2017 to 2019. Sitharaman has been a member of the Rajya Sabha representing Karnataka since 2016 and previously represented Andhra Pradesh. She has held various ministerial positions within the Modi ministry, including Minister of State in Finance and Corporate Affairs, and Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Commerce and Industry. She has been recognized as one of the most powerful women in the world by Forbes and Fortune.

Jayaprakash Narayan Srivastava, also known as JP and Lok Nayak, was an Indian independence activist, socialist, and political leader. He gained recognition for leading the opposition against Prime Minister Indira Gandhi in the mid-1970s and advocating for a "total revolution." Narayan's professional life was marked by his commitment to social service, for which he received accolades such as the Bharat Ratna in 1999 and the Magsaysay award for public service in 1965. He left a lasting legacy as a prominent figure in India's political and social landscape.

Lala Lajpat Rai was an Indian revolutionary, politician, and author known as Punjab Kesari. He was a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement and a member of the Lal Bal Pal trio. Rai played a crucial role in advocating for Indian rights and opposing British colonial rule. He was a strong leader who led peaceful protests and demonstrations to fight for freedom and social justice. Rai's commitment to the cause of Indian independence and his contributions to the nation's struggle for freedom have left a lasting impact on Indian history.

Arun Jaitley was a prominent Indian politician and attorney affiliated with the Bharatiya Janata Party. He held various key roles in the Indian government, including Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs from 2014 to 2019. Jaitley's illustrious career included serving as the Leader of the Opposition in the Rajya Sabha, overseeing significant policy changes such as the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax, demonetisation, and the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code. He was recognized with the prestigious Padma Vibhushan award for his contributions to Public Affairs.

Atal Bihari Vajpayee was an Indian politician who served as the Prime Minister of India for three terms, making him the first non-Congress prime minister to complete a full term. He was a co-founder and senior leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party, holding various positions within the party. Vajpayee was a member of the Indian Parliament for over five decades, elected multiple times to both the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. During his tenure as Prime Minister, he focused on diplomatic relations, economic reforms, and infrastructure development.

Ram Nath Kovind is an Indian politician and lawyer. He served as the 14th President of India from 2017 to 2022, being the first person from Uttar Pradesh to hold this position. A member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, he was the first BJP representative to become President. Prior to his presidency, he was the Governor of Bihar from 2015 to 2017. Kovind also had a legal career spanning 16 years, practicing in the Delhi High Court and the Supreme Court of India.

Lal Bahadur Shastri was an Indian politician and statesman who served as the prime minister of India from 1964 to 1966. He had a significant impact on Indian politics, previously serving as the sixth home minister of India. Shastri played a key role in promoting agricultural and dairy development through initiatives like the White Revolution and the Green Revolution. He also led the country during the Second India–Pakistan War and is remembered for his popular slogan "Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan" ("Hail to the soldier; Hail to the farmer").

Maneka Gandhi is an Indian politician, animal rights activist, and environmentalist. She served as a member of the Lok Sabha, representing the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). With experience as a minister in multiple governments, she played a significant role in policymaking and governance. Apart from her political career, Gandhi is known for her contributions to literature, having authored several books on subjects like etymology, law, and animal rights. Her work reflects a commitment to advocating for social causes and promoting awareness on significant issues.

K. R. Narayanan was an Indian statesman, diplomat, academic, and politician who served as the ninth vice president of India from 1992 to 1997 and tenth president from 1997 to 2002. He began his career in the Indian Foreign Service, serving as an ambassador to several countries. Narayanan entered politics at the request of Indira Gandhi, winning three Lok Sabha elections and serving as a Minister of State in Rajiv Gandhi's cabinet. Notably, he was the first Dalit to hold the positions of vice president and president, bringing assertiveness and independence to the presidency.

M. Karunanidhi was a prominent Indian writer and politician known for his contributions to Tamil literature and leadership in Tamil Nadu politics. He served as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu for almost two decades and was a key figure in the Dravidian movement. Karunanidhi also worked in the Tamil film industry as a screenwriter before entering politics. As a writer, he penned screenplays, historical novels, biographies, poems, and more, using his writing to promote reformist ideals effectively. His political career saw him advocating for increased state autonomy, affirmative action for lower castes, and industry expansion in the state.

P. V. Narasimha Rao was an Indian lawyer, statesman, and politician who served as the prime minister of India from 1991 to 1996. He was known for introducing liberal economic reforms to rescue the country from bankruptcy during the 1991 economic crisis. His government's policies were continued by future prime ministers, Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Manmohan Singh. Rao held various high-ranking positions in the Indian government before becoming prime minister and was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 2024.

Dadabhai Naoroji was an Indian Independence activist, political leader, merchant, scholar, and writer. He served as President of the Indian National Congress three times. He was the Diwan of Baroda before becoming a Member of Parliament in the British House of Commons. Naoroji was known for his book "Poverty and Un-British Rule in India," which highlighted the wealth drain from India to Britain. He was a member of the Second International and was instrumental in promoting UK-India relations through various initiatives and awards.

Vinayak Damodar Savarkar was an Indian politician, activist, and writer who developed the Hindu nationalist ideology of Hindutva. He founded the Hindu Mahasabha and was a key figure in advocating for Hindu political and social unity. Savarkar engaged in political activities from a young age, forming organizations like the Abhinav Bharat Society and advocating for Indian independence through revolutionary means. He was imprisoned by the British for his anti-colonial activities, eventually being released after submitting mercy petitions. Savarkar played a significant role in Indian political movements during his lifetime.

Lal Krishna Advani is an Indian politician known for his long and distinguished career in public service. He co-founded the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), serving as its president multiple times. Advani held various positions in government, including Minister of Home Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister. He played a key role in the rise of Hindutva politics and the BJP as a major political force in India. Throughout his career, he has been a prominent figure in Indian politics, both in government and as Leader of the Opposition.

Arvind Kejriwal is an Indian politician, activist, and former bureaucrat. He served as the Chief Minister of Delhi in multiple terms, leading the Aam Aadmi Party. Kejriwal gained recognition for his anti-corruption efforts and was awarded the Ramon Magsaysay Award. Before entering politics, he worked in the Indian Revenue Service and founded the Public Cause Research Foundation. Kejriwal has been involved in various campaigns for transparent governance and has faced legal challenges related to corruption allegations.

Sushma Swaraj was a prominent Indian lawyer and politician who served as the Minister of External Affairs of India from 2014 to 2019. A senior leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), she was known for her significant contributions to Indian politics. Swaraj was the second woman to hold the office of Minister of External Affairs and was elected multiple times as a Member of Parliament and Member of the Legislative Assembly. She also served as the Chief Minister of Delhi and was awarded the Padma Vibhushan posthumously in 2020.

Sonia Gandhi is an Indian politician who served as the president of the Indian National Congress for a total of twenty-five years. She played a key role in leading the party to victory in the 2004 and 2009 elections, forming the government and the United Progressive Alliance. Gandhi is credited for implementing significant rights-based development and welfare schemes during her tenure, despite facing criticism and controversy surrounding her foreign birth. Widely regarded as one of the most powerful politicians in India, Gandhi continues to be a prominent figure in the country's political landscape.

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was an Indian independence activist, writer, and senior leader of the Indian National Congress. He played a key role in India's education system as the First Minister of Education post-independence. Known for his poetry and philosophical writings, Azad was a prominent journalist critical of British rule. He led the Khilafat Movement, collaborated closely with Mahatma Gandhi, and supported non-violent civil disobedience. Azad served as the President of the Indian National Congress and was a strong advocate for Hindu-Muslim unity, secularism, and socialism.

Sharadchandra Govindrao Pawar is an Indian politician who has served as the Chief Minister of Maharashtra for four terms and as a Minister in the Union Council Of Ministers. He is the first president of the Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) and leads his faction in the Rajya Sabha. Pawar is a prominent figure in Maharashtra politics and has also held key positions in cricket administration, serving as the President of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) and the International Cricket Council (ICC). He was honored with the Padma Vibhushan in 2017.

Gopal Krishna Gokhale was an influential Indian political leader and social reformer known for his role in the Indian independence movement. He was a key figure in the Indian National Congress and founded the Servants of India Society. Gokhale advocated for Indian self-rule and social reforms through various platforms, including legislative bodies. He led the moderate faction of the Congress party, emphasizing collaboration with government institutions for reforms. Gokhale was also a significant member of the Poona Association, actively working towards societal improvement and political change.

Nitin Gadkari is an Indian politician serving as the Minister of Road Transport & Highways in the Government of India since 2014. He has held this position for over ten years, making him the longest-serving Minister in this portfolio. Gadkari is known for his contributions to the development of expressways and road infrastructure in India, earning him the nickname "Expressway Man of India." He has also been recognized for his work in public-private partnerships in the road sector, and during his tenure, the Indian highway network saw significant growth.

Dr. Zakir Husain Khan was a prominent Indian educationist and politician who made significant contributions to the field of education. He played a key role in establishing the Jamia Millia Islamia university and served as its vice-chancellor. As an advocate for free and compulsory education, he chaired the Basic National Education Committee and was recognized for his services with prestigious awards. He held various leadership positions in educational institutions and government, including serving as the Vice President and later as the President of India.

Gulzarilal Nanda was an Indian politician and economist known for his expertise in labor issues. He served as the Acting Prime Minister of India twice, first in 1964 after Jawaharlal Nehru's death, and then in 1966 following Lal Bahadur Shastri's passing. Nanda's tenure in both instances was short-lived, ending when the ruling Indian National Congress elected new prime ministers. In recognition of his contributions, he was honored with the Bharat Ratna in 1997, India's highest civilian award.

Varahagiri Venkata Giri was an Indian politician and activist who made significant contributions to the country's governance. He served as the fourth president and third vice president of India, being the first president elected as an independent candidate. During his tenure, he focused on promoting social justice and upholding the principles of democracy. Giri's dedication to public service was recognized when he was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1975. His legacy continues to inspire future generations in the realm of Indian politics.

Syama Prasad Mookerjee was an Indian politician and academician known for his opposition to the Quit India movement. He served as India's first Minister for Industry and Supply in Jawaharlal Nehru's cabinet before resigning due to disagreements over the Liaquat–Nehru Pact. With the support of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, he founded the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, which later became the Bharatiya Janata Party. Mookerjee also held the position of president of Akhil Bharatiya Hindu Mahasabha and passed away in 1953 after being arrested in Jammu and Kashmir.

Giani Zail Singh was an Indian politician known for his contributions as the Chief Minister of Punjab and the seventh President of India. He was actively involved in peasant agitations and political activism, serving in various ministerial roles and legislative bodies. Singh's tenure as Chief Minister was marked by significant achievements such as establishing India's first semiconductor manufacturing unit, land reforms, and advocating for Sikh religious causes. As President, he faced challenges such as the Operation Blue Star and strained relations with the government. Singh's legacy includes his efforts towards Sikh issues and his memoirs published posthumously.

Madan Mohan Malaviya was an Indian scholar, educational reformer, and politician known for his contributions to the Indian independence movement. He served as president of the Indian National Congress three times and founded the Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha. Malaviya played a key role in promoting modern education in India and co-founded the Banaras Hindu University in 1916. He also founded The Leader newspaper and was involved in the establishment of The Bharat Scouts and Guides. Malaviya was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2014.

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy was an Indian politician with a distinguished career. He started as an activist in the Indian independence movement, later holding significant positions such as Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra State, the first Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh, a Union Minister, and Speaker of the Lok Sabha. Reddy was elected as the President of India in 1977, serving until 1982. Throughout his tenure, he collaborated with various Prime Ministers and played a crucial role in the political landscape of India.

Shankar Dayal Sharma was an Indian lawyer and politician who served as the ninth president of India from 1992 to 1997. He held various positions within the Indian National Congress party, including chief minister of Bhopal State and cabinet minister in the government of Madhya Pradesh. Sharma also served as Union Minister for Communications under Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and held the roles of governor of Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, and Maharashtra. He was elected vice president of India in 1987 before becoming president in 1992. Throughout his presidency, Sharma dealt with multiple prime ministers and made significant decisions impacting the political landscape of India.

Piyush Vedprakash Goyal is an accomplished Indian politician and chartered accountant who has held various significant roles in the government. He has served as the Minister of Commerce and Industry, Minister of Textiles, and Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution. Goyal has been a Member of Parliament for both Rajya Sabha and the 18th Lok Sabha. Additionally, he has been actively involved in the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and has overseen important campaigns and initiatives, including energy policy contributions that earned him the prestigious Carnot Prize.

Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed was an Indian lawyer and politician who served as the fifth president of India. He practiced law in Lahore and Guwahati before joining the Indian National Congress in the 1930s. Ahmed held various ministerial positions in Assam and at the national level, including finance minister and national cabinet minister. As president, he imposed The Emergency in 1975, supporting it publicly despite criticism. Ahmed passed away in 1977 while in office, leaving behind a mixed legacy as a president often labeled as a "rubber stamp."

Raj Shrikant Thackeray is an Indian politician known for founding and leading the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena (MNS), a regional political party. He was previously associated with the Shiv Sena before establishing MNS in 2006. Thackeray has been actively involved in Maharashtra state politics, advocating for the rights and interests of Marathi-speaking people. As the chairperson of MNS, he has played a significant role in shaping the political landscape of the region and continues to be a prominent figure in local politics.

Bidhan Chandra Roy was an Indian physician, educationist, and statesman known for his significant contributions to the field of medicine and public service. Serving as the Chief Minister of West Bengal, he played a pivotal role in establishing various institutions and cities like Salt Lake, Kalyani, and Durgapur. His legacy is honored annually on 1st July with the celebration of National Doctors' Day in India. Recognized for his exceptional achievements, he was posthumously awarded the prestigious Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honor in 1961.

Chandra Shekhar, also known as Jananayak, was an Indian politician who served as the Prime Minister of India from 1990 to 1991. Leading a minority government, he faced challenges such as being unable to pass the budget, resulting in India's credit downgrades. He authorized mortgaging of gold to prevent default during a financial crisis. Granting permission for US military planes to refuel in Indian airports during the Gulf War improved his image with the West. Ultimately, the 1991 Indian economic crisis and Rajiv Gandhi's assassination led to his government's downfall.

Jyoti Basu was a prominent Indian Marxist theorist, communist activist, and politician known for his leadership in the Communist movement. He served as the Chief Minister of West Bengal for a record period from 1977 to 2000, making him the longest-serving chief minister in India's elected democracy. Basu was a founding member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and held various significant positions within the party, including membership in the Politburo. He was also a respected member of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly for 11 terms.

Yashwant Sinha is an Indian administrator and politician who has held key positions in the Indian government. He served as the Minister of Finance twice, first from 1990 to 1991 and then from 1998 to 2002. He also served as the Minister of External Affairs from 2002 to 2004. A senior leader of the BJP, Sinha left the party in 2018. In 2022, he was nominated as the Presidential candidate of India for the opposition, showcasing his significant contributions to Indian politics.

Pranab Mukherjee was a prominent Indian politician who served as the 13th President of India from 2012 to 2017. A senior leader in the Indian National Congress, he held various ministerial positions in the Government of India, including Finance Minister. Mukherjee's political career spanned five decades, during which he played key roles in shaping India's economic and foreign policies. He was instrumental in the rise of Sonia Gandhi within the Congress party and was recognized with India's highest civilian honor, the Bharat Ratna, in 2019.

Sumitra Mahajan is an Indian politician affiliated with the Bharatiya Janata Party. She served as the Speaker of Lok Sabha from 2014 to 2019, representing the Indore constituency of Madhya Pradesh. Prior to this, she held various ministerial positions from 1999 to 2004, overseeing portfolios such as Human Resource Development, Communications and Information Technology, and Petroleum and Natural Gas. She also chaired important committees like Standing Committee on Social Justice and Empowerment and Standing Committee on Rural Development. Mahajan received the Padma Bhushan award in 2021.

Ravi Shankar Prasad is an Indian politician and lawyer affiliated with the Bharatiya Janata Party. He has been a Member of Parliament since 2000, serving in both the Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha. Throughout his career, Prasad has held various ministerial positions, including Minister of State for Coal, Law and Justice, and Information and Broadcasting under Atal Bihari Vajpayee's premiership. He has also served as Cabinet Minister for Law and Justice, Communications, and Electronics and Information Technology under Narendra Modi's leadership. Prasad's tenure has been characterized by significant legal reforms, controversies over judicial appointments, and clashes with social media platforms.

V. P. Singh was an Indian politician who served as Prime Minister of India from 1989 to 1990. He held various cabinet posts in the Rajiv Gandhi ministry, including Minister of Finance and Minister of Defence. Singh resigned after the Bofors scandal emerged and later formed the Janata Dal party. As Prime Minister, he implemented the Mandal Commission report, enacted key amendments and faced challenges such as the Rubaiya Sayeed kidnapping and Kashmiri Hindu exodus. Singh remained active in politics and public life until his passing in 2008.

Govind Ballabh Pant was a prominent Indian freedom fighter and politician who played a crucial role in India's Independence movement. He served as the first chief minister of Uttar Pradesh and was instrumental in establishing Hindi as the official language of the Indian Union. Pant was a key figure alongside Gandhi, Nehru, and Patel, contributing significantly to the Indian Government. His legacy lives on through various hospitals, educational institutions, and foundations named in his honor. Pant was honored with the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in 1957.

Priyanka Gandhi Vadra is an Indian politician serving as a general secretary of the All India Congress Committee. With a background in politics owing to her family legacy, she has been actively involved in the political affairs of the country. She has taken on key roles within the Congress party and has been a prominent figure in various election campaigns. Priyanka Gandhi has emerged as a strong and influential leader, known for her strategic approach and effective communication skills in the political arena.

Bal Keshav Thackeray was an Indian politician who founded the Shiv Sena, a right-wing pro-Marathi and Hindu nationalist party in Maharashtra. He started as a cartoonist at The Free Press Journal before launching his political weekly, Marmik. Influenced by his father's advocacy for a separate Marathi-speaking state, Thackeray campaigned against non-Marathis in Mumbai. With key allies, he built the Shiv Sena into a major political force in Mumbai, founding the Marathi newspaper Saamana. Despite legal issues, he maintained significant political influence until his death.

Akhilesh Yadav is an Indian politician and national president of the Samajwadi Party. He served as the 20th Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, becoming the youngest person to hold the office. He is currently the Member of Parliament for Kannauj in the 18th Lok Sabha and the parliamentary party leader of Samajwadi Party. Akhilesh Yadav has previously held positions as a Member of the Legislative Assembly and the Leader of Opposition in the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly. His political career began with his election to the 13th Lok Sabha in a by-poll for the Kannauj constituency.

Chittaranjan Das, known as Deshbandhu, was a prominent Indian freedom fighter, political activist, and lawyer during the Indian Independence Movement. He played a key role in the Swaraj Party in undivided Bengal under British rule. Das was a respected figure in literary circles, contributing poems, articles, and essays. He was a mentor to Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, guiding him in the fight for independence. Das's professional life was marked by his dedication to the cause of Indian nationalism and his leadership in the political and social spheres.

N. Chandrababu Naidu, commonly known as CBN, is an Indian politician and the national president of the Telugu Desam Party (TDP). He has held the position of Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh for multiple terms, showcasing a strong focus on economic reform and information technology-based growth. Naidu played a significant role in modernizing Hyderabad through initiatives like HITEC City. He has been involved in national politics and has experienced both successes and setbacks in various electoral contests, demonstrating resilience and leadership throughout his career.

Tarun Gogoi was an Indian politician and lawyer who served as the 13th Chief Minister of Assam from 2001 to 2016, making him the longest-serving Chief Minister of the state. A member of the Indian National Congress, he played a significant role in ending militant insurgency, reducing violence, and improving Assam's fiscal condition during his tenure. He also held various positions such as Member of Lok Sabha, Minister of State for Food and Processing Industries, and was posthumously awarded the Padma Bhushan in 2021.

Balaji Baji Rao, also known as Nana Saheb I, served as the 8th Peshwa of the Maratha Confederacy. During his tenure, he oversaw the transformation of the Maratha Empire into a confederacy, with individual chiefs gaining power. Under his leadership, the Maratha territory expanded significantly, reaching regions like Peshawar, Srirangapatna, and Medinipur. Balaji Baji Rao introduced new legislative and financial systems, collaborated with Sadashivrao Bhau, and undertook infrastructure projects such as building canals, bridges, temples, and lodges. He successfully subdued major powers like the Mughals, the Nizam, and the Bengal Sultanate, while also weakening Afghan control over Punjab and neutralizing other states.

Muppavarapu Venkaiah Naidu is an Indian politician who has held significant positions in the Indian government. He served as the 13th Vice President of India from 2017 to 2022 and has been a minister in various capacities, including Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation, Urban Development, and Information and Broadcasting. Naidu has also been the national president of the Bhartiya Janta Party and a Union Cabinet Minister for Rural Development. In 2024, he was honored with the Padma Vibhushan, the second highest civilian award in India.

Ram Manohar Lohia was an influential figure in the Indian independence movement and a prominent socialist political leader. He played a crucial role during the final years of British rule in India by collaborating with the Congress Radio, broadcasting clandestinely from different locations in Bombay. Lohia's professional life was characterized by his unwavering commitment to social justice, anti-colonial activism, and advocacy for the rights of marginalized communities. He was known for his outspoken criticism of inequality and exploitation, making significant contributions to India's struggle for independence and social reform.

Haradanahalli Doddegowda Deve Gowda is an Indian politician with a career spanning several decades. He has served as the Prime Minister of India, Chief Minister of Karnataka, and is currently a Member of Parliament in the Rajya Sabha representing Karnataka. He is the national president of the Janata Dal (Secular) party. Deve Gowda has been actively involved in politics since the 1950s, initially with the Indian National Congress party before later joining and leading the Janata Dal party in Karnataka.

Charan Singh was an Indian politician and freedom fighter known for his land and agricultural reform initiatives. He served as the prime minister of India for a brief period and was a Member of Parliament for Baghpat. He also held the position of Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and Deputy Prime Minister of India. Singh was a prominent member of the Janata Party and later founded his own Lok Dal party. Throughout his career, he was a strong advocate for farmers' rights and welfare.

Vengalil Krishnan Krishna Menon was an Indian academic, independence activist, politician, lawyer, and statesman. He played a crucial role in the Indian independence movement, served as a key architect of Indian foreign policy, and acted as a diplomat for Jawaharlal Nehru. Menon founded the India League in London, worked on Indo-British matters during the 1940s, and contributed to international diplomacy post-independence. He held positions such as High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, Ambassador to the United Nations, and Defence Minister, overseeing military conflicts and institutions' establishment.

Mani Shankar Aiyar is an Indian politician and former career civil servant diplomat. He is a member of the Indian National Congress Party and has represented the Mayiladuthurai constituency of Tamil Nadu in the 10th, 13th, and 14th Lok Sabha. Aiyar has also served as a nominated member of parliament from Rajya Sabha. With a background in civil service and diplomacy, he has been actively involved in Indian politics, contributing to various parliamentary discussions and debates over the years.

Jagjivan Ram was an Indian independence activist and politician known for his contributions to social justice and agricultural development. He founded the All India Depressed Classes League and served in various ministerial roles for over 30 years, including as the Defence Minister during the Indo-Pak war of 1971. He played a key role in the Green Revolution and modernizing Indian agriculture. Ram supported Prime Minister Indira Gandhi during the Emergency but later joined the Janata Party alliance. His legacy includes being the last surviving minister of the Interim Government and a key member of the first cabinet of independent India.

P. Chidambaram is an Indian politician and lawyer who serves as a Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha. He has been the Union Minister of Finance four times, including during his tenure with the United Progressive Alliance government. Chidambaram also served as the Chairman of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Home Affairs and as the Interim Deputy Leader of Opposition in Rajya Sabha. He played a crucial role in overseeing India's domestic security response to the 26/11 terrorist attack in Mumbai and has been recognized for his contributions, including being included in the Time 100 list.

Aga Khan III was the 48th imam of the Nizari Ism'aili branch of Shia Islam and a key figure in the All-India Muslim League (AIML). He played a crucial role in advocating for Muslim interests and rights in British India, serving as the organization's first president. Known for his emphasis on education, he promoted women's education and called for Muslims to be recognized as a separate nation within India. Aga Khan III's influence extended beyond his presidency, with notable contributions to international diplomacy, including his role as President of the League of Nations.

George Fernandes was a prominent Indian trade unionist, statesman, and journalist who served as the Defence Minister of India from 1998 to 2004. A veteran socialist and member of the Lok Sabha for over 30 years, he held various ministerial positions including communication, industry, railways, and defence. Fernandes was a key figure in the Janata Dal and the founder of the Samata Party. He was known for his leadership in organizing strikes, including the 1974 railways strike, and for his role in important projects like the Konkan Railway.

Arun Gawli, also known as Arun Gulab Ahir, is a former gangster and Indian politician. He rose to prominence in the Mumbai underworld during the 1970s as part of the "Byculla Company" gang. Following the death of the gang's leader, Rama Naik, Gawli assumed control and operated from Dagdi Chawl. His gang dominated criminal activities in central Mumbai, leading to clashes with Dawood Ibrahim's D-Company gang. Gawli later founded the Akhil Bharatiya Sena political party in Maharashtra, transitioning from a life of crime to politics.

Siddaramaiah is an Indian politician affiliated with the Indian National Congress, serving as the 22nd Chief Minister of Karnataka. He previously held the position from 2013 to 2018, making him the second person to complete a full five-year term. He has represented multiple Assembly constituencies and served as Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka. Siddaramaiah has also been the Leader of the Opposition in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly and was associated with various Janata Parivar factions throughout his political career.