Famous Indonesian Political Leaders

Joko Widodo, also known as Jokowi, is an Indonesian politician and businessman who served as the seventh president of Indonesia. He began his political career as mayor of Surakarta before becoming governor of Jakarta. Jokowi focused on improving infrastructure, implementing healthcare programs, and combating corruption during his presidency. He won re-election for a second term, emphasizing economic growth and education. Despite a strained relationship with his party near the end of his term, Jokowi remained committed to governance and leadership until the end of his tenure.

Sukarno was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who served as the first president of Indonesia from 1945 to 1967. He led the country's struggle for independence from Dutch colonial rule, played a key role in Indonesia's nationalist movement, and declared independence in 1945. Sukarno successfully resisted Dutch re-colonization efforts, established the "Guided Democracy" system, and championed anti-imperialism and the Non-Aligned Movement. His presidency ended in 1967 following a military coup led by Suharto, resulting in Sukarno's house arrest until his death in 1970.

Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie was an Indonesian politician, engineer, and scientist who served as the third president of Indonesia. He succeeded Suharto as president and is known for liberalizing press and political party laws, ending the Indonesian occupation of East Timor, and holding an early democratic election. His presidency marked a transition to the Reform era. Before his political career, he played a key role in the development of Indonesia's first domestic airplane, earning him the title "Father of Technology".

Abdul Haris Nasution was a high-ranking Indonesian general and politician who played a significant role in the military and political landscape of Indonesia. He served during the Indonesian National Revolution, held key military positions, and was involved in political affairs, including becoming the Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly under President Suharto. Nasution faced challenges, such as a coup attempt and falling out with Suharto, but remained active in politics and eventually reconciled with Suharto before his passing.

Sri Mulyani Indrawati is an Indonesian economist who has held the position of Minister of Finance of Indonesia twice, from 2005 to 2010 and since 2016. She also served as the managing director of the World Bank Group. Known for her tough reformist approach, she is credited with strengthening Indonesia's economy, increasing investments, and navigating the country through the 2007–10 financial crisis. Despite criticism during the Bank Century scandal, she has been recognized as one of the most powerful women in the world by Forbes magazine.

Grace Natalie Louisa is an Indonesian politician who started her career as a television newsreader and journalist. She co-founded the Indonesian Solidarity Party (PSI) in 2014 and served as its leader until 2021. Known for her strong leadership and dedication to promoting social welfare, Grace Natalie played a significant role in shaping the party's principles and policies. Her background in journalism provided her with the skills to effectively communicate with the public and advocate for issues important to the Indonesian community.

Adam Malik Batubara was an influential Indonesian politician, diplomat, and journalist. He held various key positions in government, such as serving as the Foreign Minister of Indonesia, President of the United Nations General Assembly, Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly and People's Representative Council, and ultimately as the third Vice President of Indonesia. Throughout his career, he was known for his active support of Indonesian independence, his criticism of corruption within the government, and his contributions to diplomacy and international relations.

Mohammad Hatta was an Indonesian statesman, nationalist, and independence activist. He served as the country's first vice president and third prime minister. Known as "The Proclamator", he played a crucial role in the independence movement against the Netherlands. Hatta was actively involved in Indonesian national awakening and the revolution. He was imprisoned for his activism and was instrumental in the proclamation of Indonesian independence, being one of the founders of the nation. His professional life was dedicated to the advancement and liberation of Indonesia.

Jusuf Kalla, also known as JK, is an Indonesian politician and businessman. He served as the 10th and 12th Vice President of Indonesia, making history as the only vice president to serve two non-consecutive terms (2004–2009 and 2014–2019). Although unsuccessful as Golkar's presidential nominee in 2009, Kalla's popularity was evident, ranking among the top three contenders for the presidency in a 2012 poll. Since 2009, he has held the position of chairman of the Indonesian Red Cross Society, showcasing his commitment to humanitarian efforts.

Ibrahim Datuk Tan Malaka was an Indonesian teacher, Marxist philosopher, and founder of the Struggle Union (Persatuan Perjuangan) and Murba Party. He was also known for his role as an independent guerrilla, spy, and Indonesian fighter. Tempo recognized him as the "Father of the Republic of Indonesia" (Indonesian: Bapak Republik Indonesia), highlighting his significant contribution to the country's struggle for independence. Tan Malaka's professional life was marked by his dedication to Marxist ideals, political activism, and his leadership in various organizations advocating for social change and national liberation.

Megawati Sukarnoputri is an Indonesian politician who served as the fifth president of Indonesia and the country's eighth vice president. She was the first and only female president of Indonesia as well as the fifth woman to lead a Muslim-majority country. Megawati played a key role in establishing the Corruption Eradication Commission and implementing a direct election system for the president and vice president. She is the leader of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle, one of Indonesia's largest political parties.

Ki Hajar Dewantara was a prominent figure in Indonesia's independence movement, known for his contributions as a writer, columnist, politician, and advocate for education. He founded the Taman Siswa school, pioneering education for indigenous Indonesians during Dutch colonial rule. Through his work, he aimed to provide educational opportunities to the common people, challenging the existing limitations of education access. His efforts were recognized posthumously when he was honored as a National Hero of Indonesia by President Sukarno in 1959.

Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, also known as SBY, is an Indonesian politician and retired army general. He served as the sixth president of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014, being the second Indonesian President from the military after Suharto. Yudhoyono founded the Democratic Party of Indonesia and served as its leader from 2014 to 2020. He held various high-ranking positions, including Coordinating Minister of Politics and Security Affairs and president of the Assembly. Yudhoyono played a key role in ending the Aceh Insurgency and received accolades such as the "Father of Peace" title and the Lifetime Achievement Award.

Suharto was an Indonesian military officer and politician who served as the second and longest-serving President of Indonesia. Leading the country as an authoritarian regime from 1967 to 1998, Suharto's 31-year dictatorship was characterized by brutality and corruption. He rose to power following an attempted coup in 1965, implemented anti-communist purges, and ordered the invasion and occupation of East Timor. Under his administration, Indonesia experienced economic growth, industrialization, and improved education levels, earning him the title "Father of Development." However, Suharto's rule was marred by widespread corruption and human rights violations.

Prabowo Subianto Djojohadikusumo is an Indonesian politician, businessman, and retired army general who served in the Special Forces and later as the leader of the Strategic Reserve Command. He founded the Gerindra Party in 2008 and ran for vice president in 2009. Despite facing defeats in the 2014 and 2019 presidential elections, he eventually became the Minister of Defense. After winning the 2024 presidential election, he is set to become Indonesia's next president, following certification by the General Election Commission and confirmation by the Constitutional Court.

Sutan Sjahrir was an Indonesian politician and revolutionary leader who served as the first Prime Minister of Indonesia from 1945 to 1947. He was a key nationalist organizer during the 1930s and 1940s, known for his idealism and intellectual prowess. Sjahrir was involved in Socialist politics and Indonesia's independence struggle, resisting the Japanese occupation and playing a crucial role in negotiating the Linggadjati Agreement. He founded the Indonesian Socialist Party in 1948 to oppose the Indonesian Communist Party, and despite facing challenges and imprisonment, he was posthumously recognized as a National Hero of Indonesia.

Oemar Said Tjokroaminoto was a prominent Indonesian nationalist who played a crucial role in the country's labor movement and nationalist activities during the early 20th century. He became a key figure in the Islamic Trade Union, which later evolved into Sarekat Islam. Tjokroaminoto's leadership and advocacy for workers' rights and Indonesian independence significantly influenced the political landscape of the time. Through his efforts, he sought to empower the Indonesian people and promote social justice within the context of both labor and nationalistic movements.

Susi Pudjiastuti is an Indonesian entrepreneur known for her roles in both the maritime and aviation industries. She served as the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries of Indonesia under President Joko Widodo's 2014–2019 Working Cabinet. Additionally, she is the owner of PT ASI Pudjiastuti Marine Product, a seafood export company, and PT ASI Pudjiastuti Aviation, which operates Susi Air charter airline. Her professional life is marked by her successful ventures in these sectors, showcasing her expertise and leadership in business and government.

Rasuna Said was a prominent figure in the fight for Indonesian independence and women's rights. She was actively involved in various political organizations and served in key governmental positions following Indonesia's independence. Her dedication to advocating for women's rights, particularly in education and politics, made her a respected leader in the country. Rasuna Said's contributions to Indonesia's struggle for independence led to her being posthumously honored as a national heroine.

Mari Elka Pangestu is an Indonesian economist with a strong background in policy-making. She served as the Managing Director of Development Policy and Partnerships at the World Bank from 2020 to 2023, overseeing development policy and partnerships. Prior to this role, she held the position of Minister of Trade in Indonesia from 2004 to 2011. Following that, she was appointed as the Minister of Tourism and Creative Economy until 2014. Throughout her career, Pangestu has demonstrated expertise in economic development and international relations.

Mulan Jameela is an Indonesian singer and politician who became a member of the People's Representative Council in 2019. She represents the Gerindra Party and the region of West Java. Throughout her career, Mulan Jameela has been known for her contributions to the music industry as a singer and her active involvement in politics. Her dual roles as a public figure demonstrate her commitment to both the arts and governance, allowing her to make a positive impact in both spheres.

Puan Maharani Nakshatra Kusyala Devi is an Indonesian politician from the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), currently serving as the speaker of the House of Representatives since 2019. Prior to this role, she was the Coordinating Minister for Human Development and Cultural Affairs. Puan has been actively involved in politics since 2009 when she was first elected to the People's Representative Council. She has held various leadership positions within the PDI-P and was selected as a minister in 2014.

Yenny Wahid is an Indonesian Islamic activist, journalist, and politician known for her leadership in various roles. She serves as the director of The Wahid Institute, an Islamic research center established by her father, Abdurrahman Wahid. Through her work, she advocates for interfaith dialogue, women's empowerment, and social justice in Indonesia. Yenny's dedication to promoting peace and understanding within diverse communities has made her a respected figure in both the political and social spheres of the country.

Hana Hasanah Shahab is an Indonesian politician and socialite. She served as an Indonesian senator from Gorontalo from 2009 to 2014 and was re-elected for the 2014–2019 period. In 2016, she resigned to run for Gorontalo governor as a candidate from the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle. After losing the election in 2017, she joined the United Development Party and ran for the People's Representative Council in the 2019 Indonesian general election but did not secure a seat.

Mooryati Soedibyo was a prominent Indonesian politician, businessperson, and member of the Surakarta Sunanate royal family. She was the president director of Mustika Ratu, a successful cosmetics company she founded in 1975. Soedibyo also held key positions in Indonesian politics, serving as a Deputy Speaker of the People's Consultative Assembly and as a national director for Puteri Indonesia. She was recognized for her influence, entrepreneurship, and dedication to preserving traditional Javanese knowledge. Soedibyo's achievements include receiving multiple degrees and awards, as well as publishing an autobiography in 2016.

Rano Karno is an Indonesian actor and politician who served as Governor of Banten from 2014 to 2017. Known for his role in the 1979 film Gita Cinta dari SMA, he gained fame as an actor before transitioning into politics. Karno's career has been marked by his successful performances on screen and his later involvement in public service as a governor. His work in both the entertainment industry and government reflects a diverse and impactful professional life.

Retno Marsudi is an Indonesian diplomat who has been the Minister for Foreign Affairs in the Cabinet of Joko Widodo since 2014, making her the first woman to hold the position. Prior to this, she served as the Indonesian Ambassador to the Netherlands from 2012 to 2014. She also held the position of Ambassador to Iceland and Norway from 2005 to 2008. With a strong background in diplomacy, Retno Marsudi has played key roles in representing Indonesia on the international stage.

Khofifah Indar Parawansa is an Indonesian politician with a distinguished career. She served as the 14th Governor of East Java from 2019 to 2024, where she implemented various policies to benefit the region. Prior to that, she held the position of Minister of Social Affairs from 2014 to 2018, focusing on welfare programs and initiatives to support vulnerable populations. Throughout her professional life, Khofifah has demonstrated a strong commitment to public service and improving the lives of Indonesian citizens.

Dede Yusuf is a prominent Indonesian actor recognized for his roles in action films and sinetrons. Alongside his successful acting career, he has ventured into politics, serving as a member of Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat for Partai Amanat Nasional from 2004 to 2009. Dede Yusuf further contributed to public service by holding the position of Vice Governor of West Java province from 2008 to 2013. His diverse professional background showcases his dedication to both the entertainment industry and public governance.

Tri Rismaharini is an Indonesian politician serving as the Minister of Social Affairs. She made history as the first female Mayor of Surabaya and is known for her leadership within the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle. With a strong background in public service, she has dedicated her career to advocating for social welfare and community development. Rismaharini's professional life is marked by a commitment to improving the lives of her constituents and implementing policies that address social issues in Indonesia.

Ruhut Sitompul is a prominent Indonesian lawyer, politician, and actor with a successful career spanning various fields. He has been elected twice into the People's Representative Council, showcasing his political acumen and leadership skills. As a skilled lawyer, he has handled numerous high-profile cases involving politicians, establishing himself as a respected legal professional. Additionally, Ruhut has gained public recognition through his acting roles on television, further solidifying his high-profile status in the media industry.

Alwi Abdurrahman Shihab is a prominent Indonesian scholar specializing in Christian-Muslim relations. He has held key governmental positions, including serving as the Indonesian Coordinating Minister for People's Welfare and as the Foreign Minister of Indonesia. Currently, Shihab is the President's special envoy to the Middle East and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. With a strong background in diplomacy and a focus on interfaith dialogue, Shihab has played a significant role in promoting understanding and cooperation between different communities.

Hasan Muhammad di Tiro was a prominent figure in Acehnese history, known for founding the Free Aceh Movement (GAM) in the 1970s. As the leader of GAM, he advocated for Aceh's separation from Indonesia. However, following the Helsinki peace deal in 2005, he led the organization to abandon its separatist goals and disarm. Hasan Tiro played a significant role in the peace process and in reestablishing his Indonesian citizenship before his passing in 2010.

Utut Adianto Wahyuwidayat is an Indonesian politician and chess player. He has been a member of the People's Representative Council since 2009 and served as Deputy Speaker from 2018 to 2019. Before entering politics, Utut Adianto was a highly accomplished chess player, achieving the title of Grandmaster from FIDE in 1986. His professional life has been marked by a successful transition from a prominent figure in the world of chess to a respected politician representing the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle.

Adjie Massaid was a versatile Indonesian figure known for his work as an actor, model, and politician. He served as a member of the House of Representatives for two terms from 2004 to 2009 and 2009 to 2014, representing the Democratic Party. Throughout his professional life, Adjie made significant contributions to Indonesian politics, using his platform to advocate for various causes and engage in legislative matters. He was widely respected for his dedication to public service and commitment to improving the welfare of his constituents.

Rachmat Witoelar is a prominent Indonesian politician with a background in architecture. He has held key positions in the Indonesian government, including serving as the State Minister of Environment from 2004 to 2009. Witoelar has been a Member of Parliament, chairman of House Commission V and Commission VI, and the secretary-general of the Golkar Party. He also served as the Indonesian ambassador to Russia and Mongolia. Additionally, he was elected as the president of the Thirteenth United Nations Framework Climate Change Conference held in Bali, Indonesia in 2007.

Anies Baswedan is an Indonesian academic, activist, and politician known for serving as the Governor of Jakarta from 2017 to 2022. Prior to this, he was a student activist and political analyst. He also held the position of Rector at Paramadina University and served as the Minister of Education and Culture in the Joko Widodo administration. Baswedan is the founder of Indonesia Mengajar, a program that trains university graduates for teaching missions nationwide. Additionally, he ran as a presidential candidate in the 2024 election.

Nadiem Makarim is a prominent figure in Indonesian politics and business. He founded Gojek, a highly successful startup in Indonesia, before transitioning into a political career. In 2019, he was appointed as the Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology by President Joko Widodo. This move demonstrated his commitment to contributing to the development and improvement of Indonesia's education and cultural sectors. Nadiem's professional journey showcases his versatility and dedication to making a positive impact on his country through both entrepreneurship and public service.

José Abílio Osório Soares was an Indonesian politician who served as the last governor of the Indonesian province of East Timor before the country gained independence. He played a significant role in the transition period leading up to East Timor's independence, working to navigate the complex political landscape and ensure a smooth process. Soares was known for his dedication to public service and his efforts to promote stability and development in the region during a pivotal time in its history.

Dani Anwar was an Indonesian politician who served as a Senator. He made significant contributions to the political landscape of Indonesia. Throughout his career, he worked tirelessly to address key issues affecting the country and its people. As a Senator, Dani Anwar played a pivotal role in shaping policies and legislation that aimed to improve the lives of Indonesian citizens. His dedication and commitment to public service left a lasting impact on the political sphere, earning him the respect and admiration of his colleagues and constituents.

Widyawati is a renowned Indonesian actress known for her notable contributions to the entertainment industry. With a successful career spanning several decades, she has established herself as a versatile and talented performer. Widyawati has captivated audiences with her compelling portrayals in various film and television productions, showcasing her exceptional acting skills and versatility. Her dedication to her craft and commitment to delivering memorable performances have earned her widespread acclaim and solidified her reputation as a respected figure in the world of Indonesian entertainment.

Armida Alisjahbana is the Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific. She is a professor in the Faculty of Economics at Padjadjaran University, Bandung. Alisjahbana has served as Vice Dean for Academic Affairs in the Faculty and was previously the State Minister for National Development Planning / Head of BAPPENAS in the Second United Indonesia Cabinet. She has a strong background in economics and extensive experience in both academic and government roles.

Syahrul was an Indonesian politician and educator known for his dedicated service in Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands. He held various key positions, including serving as the Vice Mayor from 2013 to 2018 before assuming the role of Mayor in 2018. Syahrul's commitment to public service was evident through his leadership and contributions to the development of the city. Tragically, his career was cut short by the COVID-19 pandemic, leaving behind a legacy of civic engagement and public service.

Loa Sek Hie Sia was a colonial Indonesian politician and parliamentarian known for his advocacy against racial discrimination and his efforts to improve healthcare and education for ethnic Chinese in the Dutch East Indies. He also served as the founding chairman of the ethnic-Chinese self-defense force Pao An Tui from 1946 to 1949. Throughout his career, Loa Sek Hie was a prominent figure in fighting for the rights and welfare of the Chinese-Indonesian community, leaving a lasting impact on the political landscape of the time.

Nadjmi Adhani was an Indonesian politician and civil servant who served as the mayor of Banjarbaru, a major city in South Kalimantan. Known for his strong reaction to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, he was among the first mayors in Indonesia to enforce penalties for those disregarding safety protocols. Adhani implemented measures such as requiring violators to do push-ups as punishment before transitioning to monetary fines. He tragically passed away from complications of COVID-19 while in office, leaving a lasting impact on his community.

Emilia Contessa is a former Indonesian pop singer and actress who gained prominence in the entertainment industry. Known for her melodious voice and captivating performances, she enthralled audiences with her music and acting skills. In addition to her successful music career, Emilia Contessa also ventured into politics and served as a member of the Regional Representative Council, representing East Java. Her multifaceted professional life showcased her versatility and dedication to both the arts and public service.

Ibnu Saleh, a prominent Indonesian politician and member of the Nasdem Party, held key positions in the Central Bangka Regency, first serving as deputy regent and later as regent. Throughout his career, he chaired numerous committees including the Indonesian Youth Council and various agriculture and forestry associations. Ibnu Saleh's dedication to public service and leadership roles in government and youth organizations exemplified his commitment to advancing the interests of his community. Tragically, his life was cut short by COVID-19 just before his 59th birthday.

Masud Yunus, an Indonesian politician, served as the mayor of Mojokerto from 2013 to 2018. He was a significant figure in the Democratic Party of Struggle and played a prominent role in Indonesian politics. Known for his dedication to public service, Yunus was a respected leader within his party and a key advocate for his constituents. Tragically, his professional life was cut short when he succumbed to complications from COVID-19, becoming one of the notable political figures in Indonesia to lose their lives during the pandemic.

Adi Darma was an Indonesian politician and civil servant who began his career as a civil servant at the municipal government of Bontang after graduating from Mulawarman University. He served as mayor of Bontang from 2011 to 2016 before losing the 2015 elections. In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia, Darma tested positive for COVID-19 while running for another term as mayor. He passed away at the age of 60 in October 2020.

Manuel Carrascalão was an Indonesian parliamentarian and influential East Timorese independence leader. He played a significant role in the self-determination consultation in 1999, where his house was attacked by Aitarak militias. He was involved in investigations related to the massacre at his residence, where his son and numerous refugees were tortured and killed. Carrascalão's professional life was marked by his dedication to promoting East Timorese independence and seeking justice for victims of violence.