Famous Iraqi People

Ahmad ibn Hanbal was a renowned Sunni Muslim scholar who founded the Hanbali school of Islamic jurisprudence. He emphasized the importance of relying on scriptural sources for Islamic law and compiled the notable hadith collection, al-Musnad. Ibn Hanbal gained recognition for his stance against the Mu'tazili doctrine during the Mihna and faced persecution for upholding traditional beliefs. He is highly respected in Sunni thought and is considered a significant figure in the evolution of Wahhabism and Salafism.

Sargon of Akkad, also known as Sargon the Great, was the first ruler of the Akkadian Empire in the 24th to 23rd centuries BC. He founded the "Sargonic" or "Old Akkadian" dynasty, known for its conquests of Sumerian city-states. Sargon is considered one of the earliest historical figures to rule over an empire, with his realm likely spanning most of Mesopotamia and neighboring territories. His legacy continued through Neo-Assyrian literature, portraying him as a legendary figure.

Gilgamesh was a legendary hero in ancient Mesopotamian mythology, believed to be a historical king of Uruk. He was posthumously deified and his rule is thought to have occurred during the Early Dynastic Period. Gilgamesh's legendary exploits are narrated in surviving Sumerian poems, where he is depicted as a demigod of superhuman strength. He is famous for befriending Enkidu and embarking on journeys, including defeating Humbaba and the Bull of Heaven. Seeking immortality, he faces trials and ultimately realizes its unattainability before returning to Uruk.

Ḥasan Ibn al-Haytham, also known as Alhazen, was a renowned mathematician, astronomer, and physicist in the Islamic Golden Age. His influential work in optics, notably his book "Kitāb al-Manāẓir" (Book of Optics), led to him being recognized as "the father of modern optics." Ibn al-Haytham was a trailblazer in explaining the theory of vision and was the first to suggest that vision takes place in the brain. He made significant advancements in the understanding of reflection, refraction, and the behavior of light rays, laying the groundwork for contemporary physical optics. Furthermore, he championed the use of experiments and mathematical reasoning to validate hypotheses, establishing himself as an early proponent of the scientific method. Ibn al-Haytham's professional career was marked by his contributions to various fields, such as philosophy, theology, and medicine, and he played a vital role in the progression of scientific knowledge and insight in his era.

Hammurabi was the sixth Amorite king of the Old Babylonian Empire. He expanded Babylonian territory by conquering city-states such as Larsa, Eshnunna, and Mari. Hammurabi is famous for creating the Code of Hammurabi, a legal code that enforced physical punishment for crimes and established the concept of innocence until proven guilty. He was worshipped as a god in his time and later remembered as a successful conqueror and lawgiver.

Saddam Hussein was an Iraqi politician and revolutionary who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. He also held the position of prime minister from 1979 to 1991 and again from 1994 to 2003. Saddam was a leading member of the Ba'ath Party, promoting Ba'athism, a mix of Arab nationalism and socialism. During his time in power, he nationalized the Iraq Petroleum Company, oversaw the Second Iraqi-Kurdish War, and initiated the Iran-Iraq War. His actions led to international criticism for human rights violations, and he was ultimately executed for crimes against humanity.

Sarah is honored as a biblical matriarch, prophet, and important figure in Abrahamic religions. Known for her piety, hospitality, and beauty, she is celebrated across different faiths for her virtues and role within religious narratives. Sarah's life symbolizes faith, resilience, and devotion in various Christian denominations.

Ashurbanipal, the king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, is celebrated as the final great Assyrian ruler. During his 38-year reign, he led military campaigns throughout the ancient Near East, securing victories over Elam and his rebellious brother Shamash-shum-ukin. Renowned for his harsh tactics, Ashurbanipal also made significant cultural contributions by establishing the esteemed Library of Ashurbanipal, which housed over 100,000 texts. Despite his military achievements, the empire faced difficulties in maintaining control over its conquered territories, leading to its eventual decline following Ashurbanipal's passing.

Jim Al-Khalili, an Iraqi-British theoretical physicist, author, and broadcaster, is currently a professor of theoretical physics and chair in public engagement in science at the University of Surrey. He is renowned for his role as a broadcaster and presenter of science programs on BBC radio and television. Al-Khalili has received recognition for his significant contributions to the field, including being named a RISE leader by the UK's Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council. Moreover, he held the position of President of Humanists UK for a term.

Sennacherib was a renowned king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, recognized for his military conquests in the Levant and the demolition of Babylon. Despite struggles in managing Babylonia, he enhanced and restored Nineveh, establishing it as the empire's capital. Sennacherib's ambitious construction projects, notably the Southwest Palace, demonstrated his commitment to developing a majestic city. His rule was marked by conflicts with rebellious vassals and strategic decisions concerning his successor, culminating in his assassination by his sons and the subsequent rise of Esarhaddon to power.

Nebuchadnezzar II, also known as Nebuchadnezzar the Great, was a prominent military leader and ruler of the Neo-Babylonian Empire for 43 years. He gained fame for his successful military campaigns in the Levant and his victory over the Assyrian Empire. Despite initial challenges, he achieved military success, including the destruction of Jerusalem and the Babylonian captivity. Nebuchadnezzar was also known for his significant construction projects in Babylon and Mesopotamia, solidifying his legacy as both a warrior and a builder king.

Abd al-Karim Qasim was an Iraqi military officer and nationalist who became the prime minister in 1958 after the overthrow of the Iraqi monarchy in the 14 July Revolution. He held this position until he was removed and executed in the 1963 Ramadan Revolution. Qasim was a prominent figure known as "The Leader" for his strong leadership and nationalist principles. Throughout his career, he focused on asserting Iraqi sovereignty and independence, drawing on his military expertise and political acumen.

Ahmad ibn Fadlan was a 10th-century traveler from Baghdad, Abbasid Caliphate, known for his account of travels as part of an embassy to the Volga Bulgars. His detailed writings provide insights into the Volga Vikings, Oghuz Turks, and other civilizations of his time. These accounts have been highly regarded by historians and have inspired various entertainment works. Notably, his descriptions of the Volga Vikings and their customs, as well as his observations of trade caravans and ship burials, have left a lasting impact on the understanding of medieval societies.

Nadia Murad Basee Taha is an Iraqi-born Yazidi human rights activist currently based in Germany. She is the founder of Nadia's Initiative, a non-profit organization dedicated to helping women and children affected by genocides, mass atrocities, and human trafficking. In recognition of her efforts, she was jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2018 for her work to end sexual violence as a weapon of war. Additionally, she serves as the first-ever Goodwill Ambassador for the Dignity of Survivors of Human Trafficking for the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

Khosrow II, also known as Khosrow Parviz, was the last great Sasanian king of Iran, ruling from 590 to 628. He engaged in wars with the Byzantine Empire, capturing significant territories and earning the epithet "the Victorious." Despite initial successes, his reign faced challenges from usurpers and internal strife. Khosrow II's professional life was marked by military conquests, alliances with foreign powers, and a tragic end resulting from a coup orchestrated by his son. He is celebrated in Persian literature as a heroic figure and a lover, particularly in tales like Khosrow and Shirin.

Nimrod, a biblical figure, was known for his role as a king in the land of Shinar. He was recognized for his prowess as a hunter and as a strong ruler who gained fame for his power and influence in the region. While some stories credit him with building the Tower of Babel or Jacob's Ladder, historical records and king lists do not confirm his existence. Nimrod's professional life is surrounded by myth and legend, lacking concrete historical ties to Mesopotamia or the kingdom of Cush.

Al-Ma'mun, the seventh Abbasid caliph, reigned from 813 to 833. He came to power after a civil war and focused on pacification campaigns to restore order. With a keen interest in scholarship, he supported the Translation Movement in Baghdad, which advanced learning and the sciences. Al-Ma'mun notably endorsed the Mu'tazilism doctrine, published al-Khwarizmi's "Algebra," and imprisoned Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, leading to religious persecution. He also engaged in significant warfare with the Byzantine Empire during his rule.

Nebuchadnezzar I was a significant ruler of the Second Dynasty of Isin and Fourth Dynasty of Babylon, reigning for 22 years. He is well-known for his triumph over Elam and the successful retrieval of the idol of Marduk. Nebuchadnezzar I's leadership during a crucial era in Babylonian history established him as the foremost monarch of his dynasty. His accomplishments in military campaigns and religious revival secured his reputation as a mighty and respected ruler.

Methuselah is a legendary biblical patriarch known for living the longest recorded lifespan of 969 years. His professional life is largely symbolic, representing longevity and endurance. He is a revered figure in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, mentioned in various religious texts such as the Book of Genesis, Book of Enoch, Slavonic Enoch, and the Book of Moses. Methuselah's name has become synonymous with longevity, inspiring interpretations in art, literature, film, television, and music, highlighting the concept of enduring through the passage of time.

Nabopolassar established and ruled as the first king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire from 626 BC to 605 BC. He successfully rebelled against the Neo-Assyrian Empire, leading Babylonia to independence through years of conflict. With the backing of the Median Empire, he effectively expelled the Assyrians from Babylonia and conducted campaigns to fortify the borders. Nabopolassar's military skill was apparent in the ruthless sackings of Assyrian cities, notably Nineveh. His reputation as a warrior chosen by Marduk remained as a symbol of defiance against foreign rule in Babylon.

Al-Kindi, an Arab Muslim polymath, was renowned for his diverse contributions in philosophy, mathematics, medicine, and music theory. He played a crucial role in translating Greek scientific and philosophical works into Arabic, advancing Hellenistic and Peripatetic philosophy in the Muslim world. Al-Kindi extensively wrote on topics like metaphysics, ethics, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and cryptography. He introduced Hindu numerals to the Islamic world, developed Arabic numerals, and made notable advancements in cryptanalysis. His works often explored the harmony between philosophy and Islamic theology.

Zedekiah was the last King of Judah before the city of Jerusalem was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar II. He took the throne after Nebuchadnezzar II removed Jeconiah. Despite having the prophet Jeremiah as his counselor, Zedekiah disregarded his advice and was known for his wicked actions. His reign started around 598 BC and concluded with the siege and downfall of Jerusalem in 587 or 586 BC.

Selim Bayraktar, an Iraqi-Turkish actor, is well-known for his versatile performances in various television series. He gained popularity for his portrayal of "Sümbül Ağa" in Muhteşem Yüzyıl and received international acclaim for his role in the Netflix series Rise of Empires: Ottoman. His captivating performances demonstrate his talent and versatility as an actor, earning him a dedicated fan base. With a strong background in acting, Selim continues to impress audiences with his compelling portrayals on screen, solidifying his status as a respected actor in the industry.

Al-Masʿūdī was a prominent historian, geographer, and traveler known for his significant contributions to various fields. Often likened to the ancient Greek historian Herodotus, he wrote extensively on theology, history, geography, natural science, and philosophy. His most famous work, The Meadows of Gold (Murūj al-Dhahab), is a comprehensive piece that weaves together universal history, scientific geography, social analysis, and biographical elements. Al-Masʿūdī's writings have left a lasting legacy, showcasing him as a polymath whose works are revered for their extensive knowledge and broad scope.

Abū Nuwās al-Ḥakamī, known as Abū Nuwās, was a prominent classical Arabic poet during the Abbasid Caliphate era. He played a key role in the advancement of modern poetry (muhdath) and gained acclaim for his innovative and provocative works touching on themes such as love, wine, and satire. His poetry was celebrated for its cleverness, humor, and linguistic expertise. Abū Nuwās' impact extended beyond his lifetime, with his writings becoming part of the folkloric tradition, including being featured in One Thousand and One Nights.

Al-Mutanabbi, a celebrated Arabian poet from the Abbasid era, was known for his unique poetic style. He produced 300 folios of poetry for the Hamdanid emir Sayf al-Dawla in Aleppo, showcasing his intelligence and wit. His works often explored themes of courage, life philosophy, and battles. Al-Mutanabbi's talent earned him widespread acclaim and his poetry was translated into over 20 languages. Despite his relationships with leaders, his political ambitions and egomania strained these connections, potentially leading to his downfall.

Nadira, a prominent Indian actress, was celebrated for her impactful roles in Bollywood during the 1950s and 1960s. Recognized for her striking presence and versatile acting skills, she earned acclaim for portraying glamorous and dramatic characters. Nadira's memorable performances in films like "Shree 420" and "Chaudhvin Ka Chand" highlighted her talent and established a lasting legacy in Indian cinema. Her contributions solidified her as a significant figure in Bollywood's golden era.

Mohanad Ali Kadhim Al-Shammari, also known as Mimi, is a talented Iraqi professional footballer renowned for his skills as a forward. He is a vital member of the Iraq national team, demonstrating exceptional abilities in positioning, shooting, heading, close ball control, and dribbling. Mohanad Ali has earned recognition in the football community for his technical expertise and tactical acumen, captivating fans and experts with his performance on the pitch.

Enoch is a prominent figure in biblical history celebrated for his righteousness and intimate connection with God. Credited with writing the Book of Enoch, he is held in high regard across Jewish, Christian, and other faith traditions. Enoch's life is characterized by his deep spiritual commitment and his extraordinary experience of being taken by God in his lifetime. He is honored as a Saint in different Christian denominations, and his name, signifying to train or initiate, highlights his role as a devoted servant of God.

ʿAbd al-Rahman ʿArif was an Iraqi military officer and politician who served as the third president of Iraq from 1966 to 1968. Prior to his presidency, he held several military roles, including Chief of Staff of the Iraqi Armed Forces. His time in office was characterized by political unrest and the aftermath of the Six-Day War. He focused on maintaining stability and modernizing the country. Following his presidency, he remained active in Iraqi politics and military matters.

Al-Jāḥiẓ was a distinguished Arabic polymath celebrated for his significant contributions to literature, theology, zoology, philosophy, and linguistics. His extensive works covered a wide range of subjects including theory, criticism, rhetoric, and politico-religious polemics. Some of his notable writings include Kitāb al-Ḥayawān, a comprehensive zoological compendium; Kitāb al-Bayān wa-l-tabyīn, which delves into human communication; and Kitāb al-Bukhalāʾ, a collection of stories centered around stinginess. Al-Jāḥiẓ's zoological work is particularly esteemed for its valuable insights into natural selection, ethology, and ecosystem functions.

Rashid Ali al-Gaylani, a prominent Iraqi politician and three-time Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Iraq, was recognized for his fervent Arab nationalist views and his endeavors to diminish British dominance in Iraq. In 1941, he orchestrated a coup to challenge British authority. Throughout his terms as Prime Minister in 1940 and 1941, he sought to engage with Axis powers in World War II as a means to counter British influence in Iraq.

Zainab Salbi is an Iraqi American women's rights activist, writer, television show host, and podcaster. She co-founded Daughters for Earth, a movement focused on climate solutions, and Women for Women International, which aids women affected by sexual violence and conflict. Salbi has hosted TV shows such as Through Her Eyes and #MeToo, Now What?, addressing women's issues, and currently hosts the Redefined podcast. She is also an author, with books like Between Two Worlds and The Other Side of War, which highlight women's experiences in conflict. In 2023, Salbi received the Time100 Impact Award.

Esarhaddon became ruler of the Neo-Assyrian Empire after a difficult civil war with his brothers. He established tight security in his palaces, supported female relatives in politics, and led successful military campaigns in Egypt, Assyria, Babylonia, and other regions. He defeated the Kushite Empire, enforced vassal treaties, and oversaw significant construction projects. Despite facing illness and obstacles, he is celebrated as one of the most esteemed kings of Assyria, securing a stable succession for his sons.

Adnan Al-Kaissie, also known as Sheik Adnan Al-Kaissey, Billy White Wolf, or General Adnan, is a prominent Iraqi-American professional wrestler and manager. He gained recognition for defeating André the Giant in Baghdad and securing the WWWF World Tag Team Championship alongside Chief Jay Strongbow. Transitioning to AWA and later WWF (now WWE), he became known for managing Sgt. Slaughter as "General Adnan." Notably, he participated in significant matches, such as SummerSlam 1991, marking him as the first Iraqi and Arab to compete in a WWF/WWE ring.

Ur-Nammu established the Sumerian Third Dynasty of Ur in southern Mesopotamia following a period of foreign rule. He is renowned for creating the Ur III Empire through military conquests and for his focus on constructing temples, canals, and infrastructure. His most significant contribution is the Code of Ur-Nammu, the earliest known legal code. Holding the titles of "King of Ur, and King of Sumer and Akkad," he was a skilled ruler who made lasting administrative and legislative advancements that influenced Sumerian society.

Al-Hādī became the fourth Arab Abbasid caliph after his father al-Mahdi. His reign was characterized by internal chaos, power struggles, and challenges. Despite facing difficulties, he strived to govern effectively and maintain stability within the Abbasid caliphate. Al-Hādī had to navigate complex political dynamics and address internal conflicts to retain control over the empire during a turbulent period.

Ayad Allawi is an influential Iraqi politician who has occupied important roles in the government, such as serving as vice president of Iraq and interim prime minister. He is a Shia Muslim and played a pivotal role in the post-Saddam Hussein era, becoming Iraq's first head of government following the 2003 invasion. Allawi, a former Ba'athist member, co-founded the Iraqi National Accord and is a well-known political figure. Additionally, he has been active in providing intelligence to foreign agencies and has narrowly escaped several assassination attempts.

Adnan Khairallah was an Iraqi military officer who served as the Defence Minister of Iraq from 1979 until his death in 1989. Known for his close relationship with Saddam Hussein, Adnan played a significant role in the Iraqi military and government. His death in a helicopter crash raised questions about potential political tensions and power struggles within the regime.

Hunayn ibn Ishaq al-Ibadi, an influential Arab Nestorian Christian translator, scholar, physician, and scientist during the Islamic Abbasid era, led a group of translators in rendering philosophy, Greek, and Persian texts into Arabic and Syriac. Referred to as the "Sheikh of the Translators," he was highly proficient in Arabic, Syriac, Greek, and Persian languages. Hunayn's expertise lay in translating Greek medical and scientific writings, establishing a method that later translators widely adopted. His contributions were crucial to the Translation movement centered in Baghdad.

Shalmaneser III was a powerful king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire known for his extensive military campaigns against various eastern tribes and neighboring nations. His armies successfully conquered regions such as Mesopotamia, Syria, and Urartu, establishing Assyrian dominance. Shalmaneser III's conquests extended to Lake Van and the Taurus Mountains, compelling tribute from Neo-Hittites and subduing kingdoms like Hamath and Aram Damascus. His reign marked the first recorded appearances of Arabs and Chaldeans in historical annals, solidifying his legacy as a formidable military leader.

Nouri al-Maliki is an Iraqi politician who led the Islamic Dawa Party. He served as Prime Minister of Iraq from 2006 to 2014 and as Vice President from 2014 to 2015 and again from 2016 to 2018. Originally a Shia dissident against Saddam Hussein, al-Maliki spent 24 years in exile. During this time, he collaborated with anti-Saddam forces, fostering relationships with Iran and Syria. His tenure as a leader was marred by accusations of corruption, close connections with Iran, and criticism for exacerbating sectarian tensions in Iraq.

Zahra Ben Mime is a well-known Iraqi presenter and model, celebrated for her achievements in the entertainment sector. She has played a significant part in the hit show Hera, where she has impressed audiences with her talent and charm. Zahra's on-screen presence has been lauded, and she has received acclaim for her performances. Her career highlights a strong devotion to her work and a determination to provide captivating content to her viewers, establishing her as a revered personality in the entertainment industry.

Younis Mahmoud Khalaf is a former Iraqi professional footballer recognized for his successful career as a forward. He represented the Iraq national football team and played for clubs in Iraq, the UAE, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia. Mahmoud served as the national team captain for ten years, guiding Iraq to triumph in the 2007 AFC Asian Cup. He is esteemed for his scoring abilities, earning numerous Golden Boots and setting records like scoring in four consecutive AFC Asian Cup tournaments.

Naram-Sin ruled the Akkadian Empire during the 23rd century BC, expanding it to its peak and asserting his divinity as the first Mesopotamian king to do so. He acquired titles such as "God of Akkad" and "King of the Four Quarters," becoming the patron city god of Akkade. His legacy inspired later rulers to adopt his name, and his professional life was characterized by military conquests, divine proclamations, and a lasting impact on subsequent leaders.

Abraham Karem is a highly respected designer of both fixed and rotary-wing unmanned aircraft. Known as the pioneer of UAV (drone) technology, he has made substantial contributions to the aviation industry. Throughout his career, Karem has been a key figure in advancing unmanned aircraft technology, transforming the applications of drones. His innovative designs and specialized knowledge have been instrumental in shaping the evolution and capabilities of UAVs, solidifying his position as a trailblazer in the field.

Taha Yasin Ramadan al-Jizrawi was an influential Iraqi politician and militia commander who served as one of the three vice presidents of Iraq from March 1991 to the fall of Saddam Hussein in April 2003. He played a significant role in the Ba'ath Party and held several high-ranking positions within the Iraqi government. Ramadan was renowned for his involvement in military operations and political matters, frequently serving as a trusted advisor to Saddam Hussein. Throughout his career, he demonstrated unwavering loyalty to the regime and actively contributed to shaping the political landscape of Iraq.

Nadia Cohen is an Iraqi woman known for being the widow of Eli Cohen, a renowned Israeli spy. Following Eli's public hanging in Syria, Nadia raised their children on her own. The 2019 TV series The Spy centers on Nadia's relationship with her husband, Eli Cohen.

Al-Bandar was an Iraqi chief judge during Saddam Hussein's presidency, known for his role in overseeing controversial trials and executions following a failed assassination attempt on the president in 1982.

Ashurnasirpal II, the third king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, ruled from 883 to 859 BCE. He led successful military campaigns that expanded the empire's territory and solidified its dominance over neighboring regions. Known for his ruthless tactics, he used brutal methods to intimidate his enemies. Additionally, Ashurnasirpal II oversaw the construction of impressive palaces and temples, highlighting Assyrian strength and prosperity. His reign was characterized by substantial territorial growth and cultural progress.

Papa Rug is a popular Iraqi social media star known for his engaging and humorous content, particularly on platforms like TikTok and Instagram. He gained fame for his relatable videos, often featuring comedic sketches, family interactions, and lifestyle themes that resonate with a wide audience. With a charismatic personality and a knack for storytelling, Papa Rug has built a loyal following, making him an influential figure among youth in the Arab world. His content often reflects cultural nuances, promoting connection and laughter.

Mama Rug, also known as Sana Awadis, is a well-known YouTube personality with a large fan base. She is recognized for her captivating content, which includes addressing the effects of bullying and sharing fun prank videos. Although she is not as active as other family members on YouTube, Mama Rug has attained notable success by gaining over 100,000 subscribers in just 36 hours. In addition to supporting her family in content creation, she has built a considerable following on Instagram.

Šamaš-šuma-ukin, a king of Babylon during the Neo-Assyrian Empire, initially maintained peaceful relations with his brother Ashurbanipal, the ruler of the Assyrian Empire. Despite being Assyrian by ethnicity, Šamaš-šuma-ukin assimilated well into Babylonian culture and traditions. He actively participated in Babylonian festivals and even returned the Statue of Marduk to Babylon during his reign. However, growing resentment towards Ashurbanipal's control led to Šamaš-šuma-ukin's unsuccessful revolt in 652. His reign came to a tragic end when Babylon was captured by Ashurbanipal in 648.

Bahāʾ al-Dīn ibn Shaddad, a prominent 12th-century Kurdish jurist, scholar, and historian, is best known for his detailed biography of Saladin, with whom he shared a close relationship. Throughout his career, Bahā' ad-Dīn displayed remarkable expertise in legal affairs, academia, and historical research. His contributions not only reflected his profound knowledge of Islamic law but also demonstrated his skill in chronicling the accomplishments of notable individuals like Saladin, shaping the landscape of historical literature.

Al-Mutawakkil ala Allah, the tenth Abbasid caliph, ruled from 847 until his assassination in 861. He expanded the empire to its maximum extent and was known for his religious fervor. Al-Mutawakkil discarded the Muʿtazila, ended the Mihna, and released Ahmad ibn Hanbal. He ruled with a firm hand, particularly towards non-Muslim subjects. His assassination ushered in the period of civil strife known as the "Anarchy at Samarra."

Mir Damad was a prominent Twelver Shia Iranian philosopher in the Neoplatonizing Islamic Peripatetic traditions of Avicenna. He was highly regarded in the cultural renaissance of Iran under the Safavid dynasty, along with his student Mulla Sadra. Together, they founded the School of Isfahan, and Mir Damad was recognized as the Third Teacher (mu'alim al-thalith) after Aristotle and al-Farabi. His significant contributions to philosophy and Islamic thought have had a lasting impact on intellectual discourse in Iran.

Bashar Resan Bonyan Albu-Mohammed is a talented Iraqi professional footballer recognized for his exceptional skills as a midfielder. He currently showcases his talent and dedication on the field while playing for Al-Markhiya SC on loan from Qatar SC. As a key player for the Iraq national team, Bashar contributes to their success with his versatility and strategic gameplay. His strong work ethic and commitment to excellence are evident in every match he plays, making a significant impact on the pitch.

Noor Neim, known as Noor Stars, is an Iraqi social media influencer and content creator. She has gained immense popularity for her comedic and entertaining videos on various social media platforms, with a significant following on YouTube. Starting her YouTube channel in 2014, she quickly rose to fame, amassing millions of subscribers and views. Noor has collaborated with brands like KitKat, Pantene, and Bellami, showcasing her influence and success in the digital space. She has been recognized by Forbes and other media outlets for her impact as a top influencer globally.

Al-Battānī, also known as Albategnius, was a prominent astronomer, astrologer, and mathematician in the medieval Islamic world. He resided mainly in Raqqa, Syria, where he made significant contributions to the fields of astronomy and mathematics. His work, particularly his Kitāb az-Zīj aṣ-Ṣābi’, played a crucial role in the development of Western science. Al-Battānī refined Ptolemy's Almagest, introduced new ideas, and provided accurate astronomical tables. His observations and calculations on solar eclipses, Earth's obliquity, and trigonometry had a profound impact on subsequent astronomers like Copernicus, Brahe, Kepler, Galileo, and Halley.

Jabra Ibrahim Jabra was a notable Iraqi-Palestinian author, artist, and intellectual recognized for his significant impact on literature and art. Having studied in Bethlehem, Jerusalem, and prestigious institutions such as the University of Cambridge and Harvard University, he emerged as a versatile writer, translator, and painter. Jabra's works encompassed a wide range of genres including novels, short stories, poetry, criticism, and screenplays. Additionally, he played a pivotal role in the Hurufiyya movement, merging traditional Islamic art with modern elements by incorporating Arabic script in his artistic creations.

Firsat Sofi Ali, an Iraqi Kurdish politician associated with the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP), served as the Governor of Erbil. He held a PhD in International Law from Salahaddin University and worked as a law professor at Erbil's Polytechnic University. Additionally, he served as a legal advisor at the Kurdistan Region Presidency’s office. Sofi was esteemed for his professionalism, integrity, patriotism, and dedication. He was acknowledged as an active parliamentarian and proficient legal expert who made a substantial impact in the Kurdistan Parliament.

Abd al-Wahhab Al-Bayati was a renowned Iraqi poet celebrated for his substantial impact on Arabic literature. He demonstrated remarkable versatility, showcasing excellence in lyric poetry, epic poetry, and prose poetry. Al-Bayati's writing frequently delved into themes of love, resistance, and the pursuit of freedom. His innovative style, vivid imagery, and commanding language established him as a highly influential figure in the realm of Arab poetry.

Hawar Mulla Mohammed Taher Zebari is a retired Iraqi professional footballer known for his versatility as a winger or wingback. He has played for notable clubs such as Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya, Al-Ansar, Apollon Limassol, Al Khor, Anorthosis, Persepolis, Esteghlal, Zob Ahan, and Erbil. Throughout his career, he demonstrated skill and adaptability on the field before retiring in 2015. Zebari's impactful performances as a winger and wingback have left a lasting legacy in the sport.

Shammuramat, also known as Semiramis, was a powerful queen of the Neo-Assyrian Empire. Rising to prominence during the reign of her son Adad-nirari III, she was influential, being the only Assyrian queen to retain her title after her husband's death and possibly leading military campaigns. Shammuramat played a significant role in expanding the empire's borders, receiving dedications from local governors and leaving a lasting legacy as a renowned figure of her time.

Al-Mustaʿṣim bi-llāh was the 37th and last caliph of the Abbasid dynasty in Baghdad. He held the title from 1242 until his death in 1258. His reign was marked by challenges, especially conflicts with the Mongol Empire under Hulagu Khan. Despite his efforts to protect Baghdad, the city was conquered by the Mongols in 1258, leading to the downfall of the Abbasid Caliphate and a major historical event in the region.

Alia Shawkat is an American actress recognized for her versatile performances in various television shows and films. She gained prominence for her role as Maeby Fünke in Arrested Development and as Dory Sief in Search Party. Her work also includes roles in The Final Girls, State of Grace, and The Old Man. Additionally, she has showcased her acting skills by guest starring as historical figures on Comedy Central's Drunk History. Shawkat is praised for her talent and range as an actress in both comedic and dramatic roles.

Ibrahim al-Jaafari is an Iraqi politician who has served in various high-ranking government roles. He was Prime Minister of Iraq in the Iraqi Transitional Government from 2005 to 2006 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2014 to 2018. He also held the position of Vice President of Iraq under the Iraqi Interim Government from 2004 to 2005. Al-Jaafari is associated with the Islamic Dawa Party and withdrew his nomination for premiership in the permanent government.

Ibrāhīm ibn Sayyār ibn Hāni‘ an-Naẓẓām was an Arab Mu'tazilite theologian and poet known for his service at the courts of the Abbasid Caliph al-Mamun. He was a prominent figure in the Mu'tazilite theological tradition, with some of his teachings and works surviving today in fragmentary form, offering glimpses into his intellectual contributions.

Jiloan Hamad, a professional footballer, is recognized for his talent as a winger in the Hong Kong Premier League with Lee Man. Having played for the national teams of Sweden and Iraq, Hamad showcases his skills and attacking abilities on the field. His career demonstrates his adaptability and dedication to succeeding in various football settings.

Alaa Abdul-Zahra Khashen Al-Azzawi is a versatile Iraqi football player, excelling as an attacking midfielder, second striker, and striker. He plays for Al-Shorta in the Iraqi Premier League and represents the Iraq national team. Al-Azzawi is the third-most capped player in the history of the Iraqi national team, showcasing his skills and adaptability. He is a valuable asset for both his club and country, recognized as a prominent figure in Iraqi football.

Al-Akhtal al-Taghlibi was a distinguished Arab poet of the Umayyad era. He was celebrated for his literary talents, particularly in poetry. His eloquence and linguistic abilities made him one of the most admired poets of his time. Al-Akhtal's works were highly esteemed, and he was respected for his significant contributions to the cultural and literary scene of the Arab world during the Umayyad period.

Dashni Morad is a Kurdish singer, songwriter, television presenter, and human rights & environmental activist. She rose to prominence in 2005 with her TV show "Bê Kontrol," which defied cultural norms for young women in Kurdistan. In 2009, she launched her music career with the album "Hela Hopa," acclaimed for its bold dance routines. Morad has released multiple albums and singles before shifting her focus to humanitarian efforts. In 2012, she founded the charity "Green Kids" to aid underprivileged children and refugees. Known for her advocacy of women's rights, Morad serves as a powerful feminist role model in Kurdistan.

Abd al-Rahman al-Bazzaz was an Iraqi politician known for his pan-Arab nationalist views. He served as the Dean of Baghdad Law College and later as Prime Minister of Iraq. Al-Bazzaz aimed to professionalize the government by prioritizing civilian expertise and a civic agenda over military influence. He faced persecution from the Ba'athist government, enduring torture and imprisonment for fifteen months. Released due to illness in 1970, he sought medical treatment in London before passing away in Baghdad in 1973.

Mustafa Barzani, known as Mullah Mustafa, was a prominent Kurdish leader and general who played a key role in modern Kurdish politics. He was selected as the leader of the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP) in 1946 and led the Kurdish revolution against the Kingdom of Iraq. Barzani remained the primary political and military figure of the Kurdish revolution until his passing in March 1979. He orchestrated armed insurgencies against the Iraqi and Iranian governments, significantly influencing Kurdish history.

Tiglath-Pileser I, a renowned king of Assyria, was known for his military prowess, extensive building projects, and interest in cuneiform tablets. He expanded Assyrian control into Anatolia and Syria, establishing the kingdom as a dominant power in the Ancient Near East for the next five centuries. Tiglath-Pileser I carefully cultivated fear among his subjects and enemies through his inscriptions, inspiring the recording of information and the creation of detailed summary texts to preserve his achievements for future generations.

Grand Ayatollah Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah, a prominent Twelver Shia cleric, studied Islam in Najaf before moving to Lebanon. He gave many lectures, conducted extensive scholarship, wrote numerous books, established Islamic schools, and founded the Mabarrat Association. Through this association, he established a public library, a women's cultural center, and a medical clinic. Fadlallah was seen as the spiritual guide of Hezbollah, survived assassination attempts, and gained considerable recognition and respect in the Middle East upon his death.

Mohanad Jeahze is a skilled and versatile professional footballer renowned for his expertise as a left-back. He has proudly and dedicatedly represented the Iraq national football team. Possessing strong defensive skills and strategic gameplay, he has garnered acclaim throughout his successful career. Jeahze's evident passion for the sport shines through in his performances, rendering him a valuable asset to both his national team and any club he plays for.

Faisal II of Iraq became king while still young and encountered political unrest during his reign. He was placed under a regency led by his uncle, survived a pro-Axis coup, and was evacuated during World War II. After attending school in the UK, Faisal returned to rule on his own in 1953. He later led the Hashemite Arab Federation but encountered resistance, which ultimately led to his removal and execution during the 14 July Revolution in 1958, signaling the conclusion of the Hashemite monarchy in Iraq.

Sama Alshaibi is a conceptual artist known for her work in video art, performative photography, sculpture, and installation. Her art focuses on spaces of conflict, exploring themes of war, exile, power, and survival. She often incorporates her own body in her artwork to symbolize countries or issues she addresses. Alshaibi has exhibited widely across the Americas, Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa since 2003. She has had solo exhibitions in various cities and participated in prestigious events like the Venice Biennale and the Honolulu Biennial. Alshaibi's accomplishments include being named a Guggenheim Fellow in Photography and representing the United States at the International Cairo Biennale.

Fuzuli, a celebrated 16th-century poet, created works in Azerbaijani, Persian, and Arabic. He is esteemed as one of the finest poets in Turkic literature, leaving a lasting impact on Azerbaijani and Ottoman literary traditions. Fuzuli's poetry gained widespread recognition throughout the Turkic cultural sphere from the 16th to the 19th centuries. His verses, particularly his ghazals and the poem Leylī va Macnūn, expressed profound emotions and mystical symbols. Fuzuli played a significant role in shaping Azerbaijani language and poetry by merging diverse literary techniques and belief systems in his works.

Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi, a renowned Arab scholar from Basra, Iraq, is credited with creating the first Arabic dictionary, Kitab al-'Ayn, and introducing the standard harakat system for Arabic script. His contributions to Arabic prosody and musicology have had a lasting impact on various languages including Persian, Turkish, Kurdish, and Urdu. Al-Farahidi's work in analyzing Classical Arabic poetry and cryptography has also left a significant mark in these fields.

Tariq Aziz was a prominent Iraqi politician who held the positions of Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs under President Saddam Hussein. He was a key advisor to Hussein and represented Iraq at international diplomatic events due to security concerns. Aziz was known for his strong Arab nationalist beliefs and was also a member of the Chaldean Catholic Church. Following the 2003 invasion of Iraq, he faced legal proceedings and was ultimately sentenced to prison for crimes against humanity. Despite international condemnation, his sentence was later commuted to indefinite imprisonment until his passing in 2015.

Shalmaneser V was the ruler of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 727 BC to 722 BC. He is noted for his military campaigns that led to the conquest of Samaria and the downfall of the Kingdom of Israel. Shalmaneser V engaged in extensive military operations in the Assyrian heartland, as well as against the Israelites, Phoenician city-states, and kingdoms in Anatolia. His reign witnessed successful territorial expansions, alongside prolonged sieges lasting years. His removal from power and demise were likely violent, with his successor Sargon II potentially being unrelated, signifying the conclusion of the Adaside dynasty's nearly thousand-year reign.

Al-Kisā’ī was a renowned preceptor known for his expertise in Arabic grammar. He was one of the ‘Seven Readers’ of the seven canonical Qira'at and played a significant role in founding the Kufi school of Arabic grammar. His contributions solidified his reputation as a prominent figure in the scholarly community of his time, leaving a lasting impact on the study of language and literature.

Amir Al-Ammari is a skilled midfielder who plays for Ekstraklasa club Cracovia and the Iraq national team. He began his career in Sweden, playing for their youth teams before choosing to represent Iraq. His talent and hard work have made him a key player for both his club and country, contributing to their success on the field.

Uday Saddam Hussein was an Iraqi politician who served in multiple roles such as sports chairman, military officer, and businessman. He led organizations like the Iraqi Olympic Committee, Iraq Football Association, and the Fedayeen Saddam. Initially considered the probable successor to his father, Iraqi president Saddam Hussein, Uday's chances of inheriting the position were dashed after sustaining injuries from an assassination attempt. He gained notoriety for his brutal and menacing treatment of opponents and associates, facing accusations of crimes including rape, murder, and torture.

Jalal Talabani was a prominent Iraqi politician who served as the sixth president of Iraq from 2005 to 2014. He was also the president of the Governing Council of Iraq and played a significant role in the Interim Iraq Governing Council after Saddam Hussein's overthrow in 2003. Talabani was the founder and secretary-general of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), one of the main Kurdish political parties. Throughout his career, he dedicated over 50 years to advocating for Kurdish rights and democracy in Iraq.

Abu Mikhnaf, also known as Lut ibn Yahya ibn Sa'id al-Azdi, was a highly regarded early Muslim historian known for his substantial contributions to historiography. His dedication to documenting the events of his time has earned him recognition and respect in the field. Abu Mikhnaf's work in chronicling the history of early Islam provides valuable insights into important events and figures of that era. Scholars continue to study and reference his writings to gain a better understanding of the historical context of the early Muslim community.

Frans Putros, also known as Frans Dhia Jirjis Haddad, is a talented footballer who plays as a centre back or right back. He competes in the Thai League 1 for the esteemed team, Port, and proudly represents Iraq on the national team. With his strong presence and versatile defensive skills, Frans Putros is a valuable asset in both club and international competitions.

Al-Ash'ari, a Sunni Muslim scholar, is renowned for establishing the Ash'ari school of Islamic theology. He was a jurist of the Shafi'i school, exegete, reformer, and scholastic theologian. Al-Ash'ari adopted a moderate approach between Atharism and Mu'tazilism, critiquing the rationalism of the latter and the anti-philosophical stance of the Hanbalis. His teachings emphasized the importance of Islamic scriptures and rational thinking in theological discussions such as free will and the attributes of God. The Ash'ari school eventually became the predominant theological perspective within Sunni Islam, though it was not accepted by Shia Muslims.

Charles Saatchi is a prominent Iraqi-British businessman known for co-founding the advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi with his brother Maurice. The agency became the world's largest in the 1980s before the brothers left in 1995 and started a new agency called M&C Saatchi. Saatchi is also recognized for his art collection and ownership of the Saatchi Gallery. He is renowned for sponsoring the Young British Artists (YBAs), which included notable figures like Damien Hirst and Tracey Emin.

Ali ibn al-Athir was a prominent Hadith expert, historian, and biographer known for his specialization in Arabic writings. He settled in Mosul early in his life, where he dedicated himself to studying history and Islamic tradition. Over the years, he became a respected figure in Islamic scholarship, making valuable contributions to the preservation and understanding of Islamic history and traditions through his writings and expertise.

Nuri Pasha al-Said was a prominent Iraqi politician who served as Prime Minister for eight terms and held key cabinet positions during Mandatory Iraq and the Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq. He played a significant role in negotiating profit-sharing agreements with the Iraq Petroleum Company, contributing to the country's economic development, especially in the oil sector. Despite facing controversy and declining popularity towards the end of his career, he remained a prominent figure in Iraqi politics until his overthrow and death in 1958.

Ibn Jinnī was a prominent figure in Arabic grammar, philology, and philosophy of language. His significant contributions to grammar and language theory were highly respected during his time, earning him a prominent place among Arabic language scholars. His legacy includes valuable insights into linguistic structures and Arabic grammar nuances, leaving a lasting impact on the development of language studies in the medieval Islamic world.

Ahmad ibn Tulun, a Turkic slave-soldier, rose to power as an influential ruler in Egypt and Syria through strategic financial control and the development of a loyal military. By implementing reforms and streamlining administration, he notably boosted tax revenue and expanded his influence into Syria and the Byzantine frontier. Despite encountering challenges, he managed to hand over power to his son, establishing a model for subsequent independent rulers in the area.

Muntadhar al-Zaidi is an Iraqi broadcast journalist known for his work with various TV channels, including Al-Baghdadia TV and a Lebanese TV channel. He gained international attention in 2008 when he threw his shoes at U.S. President George W. Bush during a press conference in Baghdad. This incident led to his arrest, trial, and eventual release from prison. Al-Zaidi's actions inspired political protests worldwide, and he expressed a desire to use his platform to support charitable causes like building orphanages and medical centers in Iraq.

Thābit ibn Qurra was a renowned polymath known for his excellence in mathematics, medicine, astronomy, and translation during the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad. He made significant contributions to algebra, geometry, and astronomy, playing a key role in reforming the Ptolemaic system in astronomy and pioneering statics in mechanics. Thābit's expertise also extended to medicine, where he authored numerous works, and he delved into philosophical treatises, showcasing his diverse scholarly pursuits and intellectual prowess.

Theophilus of Antioch was the Patriarch of Antioch from around 169 to 182, succeeding Eros and being succeeded by Maximus I in 183. His writings, particularly his apology to Autolycus, reflect his conversion from paganism to Christianity through the study of the Holy Scriptures. Known for his fervor in defending the Christian faith against heretics like Marcion, Theophilus made significant contributions to Christian literature, polemics, exegetics, and apologetics, establishing himself as a prominent figure in the early Church.

Hormizd IV reigned as the Sasanian King of Kings of Iran from 579 to 590. He led military campaigns against the Byzantine Empire in the west and effectively managed the Western Turkic Khaganate in the east. Hormizd IV expanded the Sasanian Empire by incorporating Iberia and navigated internal challenges, including the Sasanian civil war. He was recognized for his religious tolerance, refusing to persecute Christians despite pressure to do so. While some criticized him as tyrannical, modern interpretations portray him as a ruler committed to advancing his father's policies with determination.

Ahmed Abdel Hadi Chalabi was an Iraqi politician who founded the Iraqi National Congress (INC). He served as the President of the Governing Council of Iraq and as Deputy Prime Minister under Ibrahim al-Jaafari. Chalabi also held positions as the interim Minister of Oil and Deputy Prime Minister in Iraq. Initially supported by the CIA, he later fell out of favor and was accused of being an instrument of pro-Iranian influence. Chalabi provided false information on Saddam Hussein's regime, leading to a falling out with the US government.