Peace Activists

Phan Thi Kim Phuc, famously known as the "napalm girl," became globally renowned due to the Pulitzer Prize-winning photograph taken of her during the Vietnam War. After this harrowing event, she founded the Kim Phuc Foundation International, aiming to assist children impacted by war. Her advocacy concentrates on offering aid, increasing awareness, and advocating for peace. Through her foundation, Phan Thi Kim Phuc remains dedicated to bettering the lives of young victims of conflict across the globe.

Samantha Smith was an American peace activist and child actress who became well-known for her anti-war efforts during the Cold War. She achieved recognition for reaching out to the Soviet Union, which led to a special invitation from Soviet officials. As a "Goodwill Ambassador," she actively participated in peace-building initiatives and even wrote a book detailing her experiences in the Soviet Union. Following her peace activism, Smith transitioned to acting and hosted a program on the 1984 presidential election, as well as making appearances on the TV series Lime Street.

Ron Kovic is an American anti-war activist and author who served as a United States Marine Corps sergeant in the Vietnam War. He was wounded and paralyzed during his service. His memoir "Born on the Fourth of July" was made into a film starring Tom Cruise and directed by Oliver Stone. Kovic received the Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay in 1990, coinciding with the anniversary of his injury, and was nominated for an Academy Award for his writing.

Wangarĩ Maathai was a prominent Kenyan social, environmental, and political activist known for founding the Green Belt Movement. She was the first African woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004. Maathai was highly educated, earning bachelor's and master's degrees in the United States before becoming the first woman in East and Central Africa to achieve a Ph.D. She received several prestigious awards for her environmental work, served in the Kenyan Parliament as Assistant Minister for Environment and Natural Resources, and was an esteemed academic and author. Maathai made significant contributions to ecological thinking, development, gender studies, and African cultures and religions.

Rachel Aliene Corrie was an American nonviolence activist and diarist known for her involvement with the International Solidarity Movement (ISM). She protested the Israeli army's actions in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, advocating for peace and solidarity. Corrie demonstrated against the demolition of Palestinian property and tragically lost her life in 2003 when she was killed by an Israeli bulldozer. Her death sparked controversy and criticism, leading to legal action taken by her parents against the Israeli state, which ultimately did not hold responsibility for her demise.

Daniel Berrigan SJ was a distinguished American Jesuit priest celebrated for his activism as an anti-war advocate, Christian pacifist, playwright, poet, and author. His opposition to the Vietnam War, notably the Catonsville Nine incident, resulted in numerous arrests and a three-year prison term for damaging government property. Undeterred by challenges, Berrigan persisted in his advocacy efforts and played a key role in establishing the Plowshares movement in 1980, which focused on anti-nuclear demonstrations. Additionally, he was a highly regarded author with approximately 50 published works and a committed educator.

Cindy Sheehan is a prominent American anti-war activist, best known for her notable protest against the Iraq War outside President George W. Bush's Texas ranch in 2005. She later ran for Congress in 2008 and has been vocal in criticizing the foreign policies of both President Obama and President Trump. She is also the author of the memoir "Peace Mom: A Mother's Journey Through Heartache to Activism" published in 2006. In 2012, she was the vice-presidential nominee for the Peace and Freedom Party and garnered 1.2% of the vote in the 2014 California gubernatorial election.

Carl von Ossietzky was a German journalist and pacifist renowned for his brave efforts in exposing Germany's secret rearmament activities. He was awarded the 1935 Nobel Peace Prize for his work. As the editor-in-chief of Die Weltbühne, Ossietzky published articles uncovering Germany's violations of the Treaty of Versailles, resulting in his arrest and imprisonment. Despite persecution by the Nazi regime, he continued to denounce militarism. Ossietzky endured harsh conditions in concentration camps and passed away from tuberculosis after years in police custody.

Leymah Gbowee is a well-known Liberian peace activist who gained recognition for her leadership in the Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace movement. This movement was instrumental in bringing an end to the Second Liberian Civil War in 2003. Working closely with Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Gbowee contributed to a period of peace which ultimately facilitated a successful election in 2005. In recognition of their nonviolent advocacy for women's safety and rights in peace-building initiatives, Gbowee, Sirleaf, and Tawakkul Karman were jointly awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2011.

David Starr Jordan was a well-known academic figure, serving as the founding president of Stanford University and previously as the president of Indiana University. He was an accomplished ichthyologist, focusing on the study of fish. Jordan was also involved in the controversial field of eugenics, supporting selective breeding practices. In addition, he held strong antimilitarist beliefs, opposing war due to its perceived negative effects on the gene pool. Jordan made significant contributions to education, science, and social ideologies during his professional career.

Carlos Arredondo is a dedicated peace activist and American Red Cross volunteer. He shifted his focus to anti-war activism after the loss of his eldest son in the Iraq War. Arredondo has committed his career to promoting peace and speaking out against war. As a volunteer with the American Red Cross, he has been involved in humanitarian initiatives and offered assistance to individuals impacted by emergencies. Through his activism and volunteerism, Arredondo aims to create a meaningful change in society and encourage others to strive for a more peaceful global community.

Peace Pilgrim, an American spiritual teacher, mystic, pacifist, and vegetarian activist, made history in 1952 as the first woman to walk the entire length of the Appalachian Trail in one season. Renamed "Peace Pilgrim," she embarked on a journey across the United States in 1953, dedicating 28 years to spreading a message of peace. She stopped counting miles in 1964 after walking over 25,000 miles for her cause, inspiring others with her unwavering commitment to inner and outer peace.

Michael Culver, a skilled British actor, gained recognition for his portrayal of Captain Needa in the legendary film The Empire Strikes Back. He demonstrated a diverse range of acting abilities in numerous stage productions, television series, and movies throughout his career. Culver was widely admired in the entertainment industry for his commitment and talent. His depiction of Captain Needa resonated with audiences, establishing him as a notable character in the Star Wars series.

Betty Williams was a prominent peace activist from Northern Ireland who co-founded the Community of Peace People. She was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1976 for her efforts in promoting peaceful resolutions during the Troubles in Northern Ireland. Williams held leadership positions in various organizations, including the Global Children's Foundation and the World Centre of Compassion for Children International. She lectured extensively on topics related to peace, education, inter-cultural understanding, and children's rights. Additionally, she played a key role in founding the Nobel Women's Initiative and was involved in the Nobel Laureate Summit and PeaceJam.

Philip Berrigan was an American peace activist and Catholic priest with the Josephites, known for his dedication to nonviolent civil disobedience in the cause of peace and nuclear disarmament. His protests often resulted in his arrest. Berrigan later married former nun Elizabeth McAlister, and both were excommunicated from the Catholic Church, though they were later reinstated. Their activism led to periods of separation as they served time in prison.

Mairead Maguire is a well-known peace activist from Northern Ireland. She co-founded Women for Peace, later renamed the Community for Peace People, to advocate for peaceful resolutions during the Troubles in Northern Ireland. Alongside Betty Williams, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1976 for their peace efforts. Maguire's career has focused on promoting peace, conflict resolution, and human rights, inspiring others with her dedication to nonviolent activism and pursuit of peaceful resolutions in conflict areas.

Jody Williams, an American political activist, is well-known for her advocacy work in banning anti-personnel landmines, defending human rights, especially those of women, and promoting new security paradigms. Her efforts in banning and clearing anti-personnel mines earned her the Nobel Peace Prize in 1997, a significant milestone in her career. Williams' professional life is marked by her unwavering dedication to humanitarian causes and her relentless pursuit of global peace and security through activism and advocacy.

Roger Nash Baldwin played a key role in advancing civil liberties in the United States. As a founder and executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) until 1950, he led many important cases that influenced the organization's reputation. Baldwin's leadership was crucial in protecting freedoms of speech, press, and religion, evident in cases like the Scopes Trial and the Sacco and Vanzetti murder trial. Additionally, he was a respected pacifist and writer, leaving a significant mark on civil liberties advocacy in the U.S.

Leyla Zana is a renowned Kurdish politician recognized for her activism in Turkey. Despite being imprisoned for ten years for her actions against national unity, she has received acclaim for her dedication. Zana was honored with the prestigious 1995 Sakharov Prize by the European Parliament and the Rafto Prize in 1994 for her peaceful advocacy of human rights for the Kurdish people in Turkey and nearby regions. She is a prominent advocate for Kurdish rights and has gained international recognition for her efforts.

Thích Nhất Hạnh was a Vietnamese Thiền Buddhist monk, peace activist, author, poet, and teacher. He founded the Plum Village Tradition, known for inspiring engaged Buddhism. Nhất Hạnh co-founded the School of Youth for Social Services and created the Order of Interbeing. Exiled from South Vietnam for opposing the war, he established monasteries and practice centers worldwide. Nhất Hạnh advocated for deep listening as a nonviolent conflict resolution method and promoted awareness of interconnected environments for peace, coining the term "engaged Buddhism."

Frédéric Passy, a French economist, pacifist, author, and politician, was a prominent figure in the European peace movement. He served in the Chamber of Deputies from 1881 to 1889 and was a founding member of peace societies and the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Alongside British MP William Randal Cremer, Passy developed the Inter-parliamentary Conference, which later became known as the Inter-Parliamentary Union. His dedication to promoting peace led to him being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1901.

Toyohiko Kagawa was a Japanese Evangelical Christian pacifist, Christian reformer, and labor activist. He dedicated his professional life to advocating for social justice, particularly focusing on helping the poor and marginalized in society. Kagawa worked extensively on incorporating Christian principles into social structures and cooperatives, living among the poor to better understand their struggles and needs. He also actively promoted women's suffrage and advocated for a peaceful foreign policy. Kagawa's work reflected his commitment to using his beliefs to create positive change in society.

Alec Reid, an Irish Catholic priest, played a crucial role in facilitating the Northern Ireland peace process. His contribution was deemed essential by BBC journalist Peter Taylor. Reid dedicated his professional life to promoting dialogue and reconciliation among conflicting parties in Northern Ireland. He was pivotal in behind-the-scenes negotiations, laying the groundwork for peace agreements. His efforts were instrumental in fostering understanding and cooperation among different factions, ultimately contributing to the success of the peace process.

Archibald Fenner Brockway, Baron Brockway, was a renowned British socialist politician celebrated for his dedication to humanist values and his tireless efforts in anti-war activism. Throughout his career, he championed socialist causes and peace initiatives, playing a significant role in numerous campaigns for social justice and equality. His impactful work as a politician and activist has left a lasting imprint on British society, as he steadfastly advocated for the rights of marginalized groups and persistently challenged oppressive systems with his unwavering commitment to progressive ideals.

Colman McCarthy is a prominent American journalist, teacher, lecturer, pacifist, progressive, anarchist, and longtime peace activist. He founded and led the Center for Teaching Peace in Washington, D.C. and wrote columns for The Washington Post from 1969 to 1997. McCarthy covered various topics, including politics, religion, health, sports, education, poverty, and peacemaking. Referred to as "the liberal conscience of The Washington Post," he has also contributed to publications such as The New Yorker, The Nation, The Progressive, The Atlantic, The New York Times, Reader's Digest, and National Catholic Reporter.

Eagle Woman, also known as Matilda Picotte Galpin, was a prominent Lakota activist, diplomat, trader, and translator. She mediated conflicts between white settlers, the U.S. government, and the Sioux, advocating for peace and supporting the Sioux during forced relocations to reservations. Eagle Woman was recognized as a chief among the Sioux and was the first woman to sign a treaty with the U.S. government in 1882. She successfully navigated challenges such as trade wars and white encroachment on native lands.

Eugen Drewermann, a German church critic, theologian, peace activist, and former Catholic priest, is known for promoting a non-violent Christianity by integrating Depth psychology with Exegesis and Theology. His diverse expertise allows him to question conventional Catholic interpretations and advocate for a symbolic interpretation of biblical stories. Drewermann's criticisms of Catholic doctrines, including the Virgin birth of Jesus, have stirred debate and strained his relationship with Church authorities. He has also been a vocal opponent of wars and military interventions, supporting the German Peace Movement and leftist movements.

Kushal Konwar, an Indian freedom fighter, gained prominence for his active participation in the Quit India Movement. Originating from Assam, he played a vital role in the battle against British colonialism. Known for his bravery and determination, Konwar made significant contributions to the fight for India's independence. Tragically, he paid the ultimate price for his convictions, being executed in 1942. His steadfast dedication to the cause established him as a revered figure in India's struggle for freedom.

Salah Uddin Shoaib Choudhury is a Bangladeshi journalist known for his work as the editor of the Bangladeshi tabloid Blitz. His professional life has been marked by controversy, as he has been convicted of various offenses related to disinformation and misinformation. Choudhury has faced criticism for posting misleading information on multiple occasions. Despite his journalistic background, his reputation has been tarnished by his involvement in spreading false or misleading content through his platform.

Hajer Sharief is a prominent Libyan peace and human rights activist known for co-leading the Together We Build It (TWBI) organization in Libya. She co-founded TWBI in 2011 with a mission to foster peace and promote human rights in the country. Sharief is recognized internationally for her advocacy work and leadership, notably being named one of UN Women's 12 Champions on Women, Peace and Security, and Human Rights. She has also received accolades such as being listed among "Africa's 50 Most Powerful Women" by Forbes and nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize in 2019.

Sumaya Farhat Naser is a prominent Palestinian peace activist known for her work in the West Bank. She has dedicated her career to advocating for peace, justice, and human rights in the region. Naser has been actively involved in various initiatives promoting dialogue and understanding between Palestinians and Israelis. As a respected figure in the peace-building community, she has played a key role in fostering cooperation and reconciliation efforts among different groups in the conflict-affected areas.

Zahra Langhi is a prominent Libyan human rights activist known for her advocacy work in promoting gender equality and human rights in Libya. As a dedicated leader, she has been instrumental in addressing issues such as women's rights, social justice, and political reform. Langhi’s efforts include founding and leading various organizations aimed at empowering marginalized communities and advocating for systemic change. Her work has earned her recognition for her commitment to advancing human rights and contributing to a more equitable society.

Fuki Kushida was a notable Japanese women's rights activist who made significant contributions to the advancement of women's rights and peace activism. She served as the first Secretary General of the Women's Democratic Club and later became the president of the Federation of Japanese Women's Organizations. Kushida was recognized for her leadership in organizing protests against the establishment of US military bases in Japan, showing her dedication to advocating for social justice and peace. Throughout her professional life, she focused on empowering women and promoting peace initiatives.