Famous Portuguese Leaders

António Costa is a Portuguese lawyer and politician who served as the 118th Prime Minister of Portugal from 2015 to 2024. He also held various governmental positions including Secretary of State for Parliamentary Affairs, Minister of Justice, Minister of Internal Administration, and Mayor of Lisbon. Costa was elected Secretary-General of the Socialist Party in 2014. Following his resignation in 2023 due to corruption allegations, he continued as Prime Minister in a caretaker capacity until the snap election in 2024, after which he was succeeded by Luís Montenegro.

Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa is a prominent Portuguese politician and academic serving as the 20th President of Portugal since March 2016. He is affiliated with the Social Democratic Party but suspended his membership during his presidency. His diverse professional background includes roles as a government minister, parliamentarian, legal scholar, journalist, political analyst, law professor, and pundit. With a wealth of experience in various fields, Rebelo de Sousa has established himself as a respected figure in Portuguese politics and academia.

Mário Soares was a prominent Portuguese politician who served as prime minister of Portugal from 1976 to 1978 and from 1983 to 1985. He later became the 17th president of Portugal from 1986 to 1996. Soares was the first secretary-general of the Socialist Party and played a significant role in the country's transition to democracy. Known as the father of Portuguese democracy, Soares was a key figure in shaping the political landscape of Portugal during the late 20th century.

Aníbal Cavaco Silva is a Portuguese economist and politician who served as the 19th president of Portugal from 2006 to 2016 and as prime minister from 1985 to 1995. He holds the record for the longest tenure as prime minister since Salazar and the longest for a freely elected prime minister in Portugal's history. Cavaco Silva was the first Portuguese prime minister to secure an absolute parliamentary majority under the current constitutional system and is best known for guiding Portugal into the European Union.

António de Oliveira Salazar was a Portuguese statesman, academic, and economist who served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 1932 to 1968. Coming to power under the Ditadura Nacional, he transformed the regime into the corporatist Estado Novo, establishing himself as a dictator. Salazar's rule was conservative, corporatist, and nationalist, promoting civilian administration and opposing communism, socialism, and liberalism. He supported Franco in the Spanish Civil War, maintained Portugal's neutrality during World War II, and oversaw Portugal's economic expansion in the mid-20th century.

José Manuel Durão Barroso is a Portuguese politician and law professor. He served as the 114th prime minister of Portugal and as the 11th president of the European Commission. Following his tenure, he joined Goldman Sachs International as a senior adviser and non-executive chairman, sparking controversy due to the rapid transition from the EU to the private sector. Barroso's career has been marked by his leadership roles in European politics and academia, as well as his involvement in the financial sector post-EU service.

Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza, is the current claimant to the dormant Portuguese throne as head of the House of Braganza. He is a prominent figure in European royal circles, often attending foreign royal events. Despite his support for a monarchical government, there are no major movements advocating for the monarchy's restoration. In addition to his royal duties, the Duke holds Portuguese and East Timorese citizenships, the latter being in recognition of his significant service to the country.

Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, 3rd Duke of Alba, known as the Grand Duke of Alba, was a Spanish noble, general, and diplomat. He distinguished himself in various military campaigns, including the conquest of Tunis and the Battle of Mühlberg. Alba served as commander-in-chief of the Spanish-Habsburg army during the Italian War, governor of Milan, and viceroy of Naples. Appointed as governor of the Netherlands, he instituted the Council of Troubles in his efforts to suppress Dutch rebels during the Eighty Years' War.

Maria Pia of Savoy was the Queen of Portugal as the wife of King Luís I. She played a significant role in Portuguese society as the grand mistress of the Order of Saint Isabel. Maria Pia was known for her dedication to charitable works and her involvement in cultural and social events. She supported various causes and institutions, leaving a lasting impact on the country during her time as queen. Her legacy as a compassionate and influential figure in Portuguese history is remembered to this day.

Maria Ramos is a prominent South African businesswoman with an extensive background in banking and corporate leadership. She has held key positions such as CEO of Absa Group Limited and Transnet, as well as serving as the director-general of the National Treasury. In 2020, she assumed the role of chairperson at AngloGold Ashanti. Throughout her career, Maria Ramos has demonstrated strong strategic vision and managerial skills, contributing significantly to the success and growth of the organizations she has been a part of.

Dom Francisco de Almeida was a distinguished Portuguese nobleman, soldier, and explorer who served as a counsellor to King John II of Portugal. He played a significant role in wars against the Moors and the conquest of Granada in 1492. Appointed as the first governor and viceroy of the Portuguese State of India in 1505, Almeida established Portuguese hegemony in the Indian Ocean with his victory at the Battle of Diu in 1509. He met his demise in a conflict with indigenous people at the Cape of Good Hope in 1510.

Marcelo Caetano was a Portuguese politician and scholar who served as the second and final leader of the Estado Novo regime. He succeeded António de Oliveira Salazar as prime minister and held office from 1968 to 1974. Caetano's leadership was marked by attempts to modernize and reform the authoritarian regime, but he faced growing opposition that ultimately led to his overthrow during the Carnation Revolution. He played a significant role in Portuguese politics during a pivotal period in the country's history.

Pedro Passos Coelho is a Portuguese politician and university guest lecturer. He served as the 117th prime minister of Portugal from 2011 to 2015, leading the Social Democratic Party (PSD) during his tenure. He began his political career early and was the national leader of PSD's youth branch. Passos Coelho oversaw the implementation of the European troika bailout in Portugal and was known for his administration's austerity measures.

Américo Tomás was a Portuguese Navy officer who rose through the ranks to become a prominent figure in politics. He served as the 13th president of Portugal from 1958 to 1974, during which time he was the head of the authoritarian Estado Novo regime. Tomás played a key role in maintaining the status quo and upholding the corporatist policies of the government. His tenure marked the final years of the Estado Novo before it was overthrown in the Carnation Revolution of 1974.

Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal, Duke of Braganza, held various subsidiary titles throughout his life, including Prince of Beira, Duke of Barcelos, Marquis of Vila Viçosa, and several counts. Known for his interest in military affairs, he was active in the Portuguese Army and Navy, participating in training exercises and military events. He also played a role in official ceremonies, representing the royal family at various functions. His professional life was marked by his dedication to military and ceremonial duties.

Nuno Álvares Pereira was a highly successful Portuguese general known for his pivotal role in ensuring Portugal's independence from Castile during the 1383–1385 Crisis. He later transitioned into a spiritual life, becoming a mystic and achieving beatification and canonization by the Catholic Church. Referred to as the Saint Constable or Saint Nuno of Saint Mary, he held titles such as count of Barcelos, Ourém, and Arraiolos. His professional life was marked by military leadership, strategic acumen, and a deep commitment to Portugal's sovereignty.

António Óscar de Fragoso Carmona had a distinguished professional career as a Portuguese Army officer and politician. He served as prime minister of Portugal from 1926 to 1928 before becoming the 11th president of the country, a position he held until his death in 1951. Carmona also held roles as the Minister of War and Minister of Foreign Affairs during his tenure in the Portuguese government. His contributions to the military and political landscape of Portugal were significant and long-lasting.

Eleanor of Viseu was a notable Portuguese queen consort who played a significant role in the royal court. She was admired for her intelligence, diplomacy, and dedication to her duties. Known for her regal presence and grace, Eleanor of Viseu was actively involved in philanthropic endeavors and supported various cultural and educational initiatives. As queen consort, she wielded influence and power, contributing to the prosperity and stability of Portugal during her reign. Her legacy as a respected and beloved queen endures in Portuguese history.

Francisco da Costa Gomes was a distinguished Portuguese military officer and politician. He served as the 15th president of Portugal, holding the position following the Carnation Revolution. With a background in the military, Costa Gomes played a crucial role in the political landscape of Portugal during his presidency. Known for his leadership and strategic decision-making, he navigated the country through a period of significant political change. His legacy is marked by his contributions to the stability and development of Portugal during a critical juncture in its history.

José Sócrates Carvalho Pinto de Sousa, commonly known as José Sócrates, is a Portuguese politician who served as the prime minister of Portugal from March 2005 to June 2011. During his tenure, Sócrates implemented fiscal austerity measures and structural reforms to address economic challenges. His government focused on public service restructuring and infrastructure investments. Sócrates faced criticism for his authoritarian style and corruption allegations. After leaving office, he was arrested in 2014 on charges of corruption, tax evasion, and money laundering.

Marta Temido is a Portuguese politician and former Minister of Health, known for her leadership during the COVID-19 pandemic. She holds a law degree, a master's degree in health economics and management, and a PhD in international health. Prior to her government role, she held positions at the Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical and various public hospitals. Temido was elected as a Member of the European Parliament and has since served as an MP in the Assembly of the Republic. She is also active within the Socialist Party, holding positions such as Chair of the Lisbon Socialist Party.

Joseph Nasi, a Portuguese diplomat and administrator, played a significant role in the Ottoman Empire during the reigns of Sultan Suleiman I and Selim II. Known as a Court Jew, he was appointed as the Lord of Tiberias in an unsuccessful effort to resettle Jews in Palestine. Nasi's professional life was marked by his diplomatic skills and administrative contributions, making him a prominent figure in Ottoman politics and Jewish history. His influence and involvement in the affairs of the empire were notable during his time.

Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga was a prominent Portuguese writer, playwright, and politician known for his significant contributions to literature and politics. He served as the leader of the Republican Provisional Government following the overthrow of King Manuel II and later became the second elected president of the First Portuguese Republic. Braga played a key role in shaping the cultural landscape of Portugal through his literary works and was actively involved in the political affairs of the country during a crucial period of transition.

Marisa Matias is a prominent Portuguese sociologist and politician with a significant career in both national and European politics. She has been a member of the Assembly of the Republic since 2024 and previously served as a Member of the European Parliament from 2009 to 2024. Matias has been actively involved in various committees, including the Economic and Monetary Affairs and Industry, Research, and Energy Committees. She has also held key positions such as Chairwoman of the Delegation of the European Parliament for relations with the Mashreq countries and Vice-President of the Party of the European Left. Additionally, she has contested in several presidential elections, achieving notable results and making a significant impact in Portuguese politics.

Almeida Garrett was a multifaceted Portuguese figure known for his contributions to literature, theater, journalism, and politics. A key promoter of theater in Portugal, he is regarded as the greatest figure of Portuguese Romanticism. His works, such as "Camões" and "Dona Branca," are considered among the first Romantic works in Portuguese literature. Garrett played a significant role in the Liberal Wars, and he was instrumental in the establishment of a new Portuguese theater. He also served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and was ennobled as the 1st Viscount of Almeida Garrett.

Bruno Macaes is a prominent Portuguese figure known for his roles as an author, consultant, and politician. His noteworthy service as the Secretary of State for European Affairs during Portugal's financial crisis in the 2010s earned him recognition. Macaes is highly regarded for his contributions as a columnist for reputable publications such as New Statesman. His professional endeavors reflect a deep involvement in European affairs and a commitment to public service, making him a respected voice in political and intellectual circles.

Ana Gomes is a Portuguese former diplomat and politician of the Socialist Party (PS). She gained recognition for her contributions in negotiating independence for East Timor and in reestablishing diplomatic relations between Portugal and Indonesia. Transitioning from diplomacy to politics, she served as a Member of the European Parliament from 2004 to 2019, focusing on combating corruption and advocating for human rights. In 2020, she ran as a candidate in the Portuguese presidential election, securing second place with 13% of the votes, marking the best result achieved by a woman in the country's presidential election history.

Bernardino Luís Machado Guimarães was a prominent Portuguese political figure who served as the third and eighth president of Portugal. His career was marked by political upheaval, including being forced to leave the country by Sidónio Pais in 1917 and later being overthrown by a military revolution in 1926. Despite these challenges, Machado made a significant impact on Portuguese politics during his presidencies, contributing to the country's history during a time of transition and change.

Álvaro Barreirinhas Cunhal was a Portuguese communist revolutionary and politician who played a significant role in opposing the dictatorial regime of the Estado Novo. He served as the secretary-general of the Portuguese Communist Party for over three decades. Cunhal was arrested, tortured, and imprisoned multiple times for his activism. Following a daring escape from prison, he continued his political activities, serving as a minister in provisional governments and as a deputy in the Constituent Assembly and the Assembly of the Republic.

John, Constable of Portugal, was a prominent figure in Portuguese history, serving as the Constable of Portugal and master of the Portuguese Order of St. James. He played a crucial role in the governance and military affairs of the country, earning the nickname "the Constable Prince." Known for his leadership and strategic prowess, John was a key figure in maintaining stability and defending Portugal's interests during his time. His contributions to the realm of politics and military affairs left a lasting impact on the country.

Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo was a distinguished Portuguese chemical engineer and politician. She made history by becoming the first and only woman to serve as Prime Minister of Portugal. Pintasilgo had a successful career, showcasing her expertise in both the technical and political fields. Her contributions to society and leadership in government paved the way for future generations of women in politics. Pintasilgo's legacy continues to inspire and empower individuals around the world.

Paulo Portas is a prominent Portuguese media and political figure known for his role as a leading conservative politician. He served as the leader of the CDS – People's Party, one of Portugal's right-wing parties, for multiple terms between 1998 and 2016. Throughout his career, he was elected to the Portuguese Parliament in every legislative election from 1995 to 2015. Portas held key government positions, including Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of State and Foreign Affairs, and Minister of Defence, in various coalitions. He retired from politics in 2016.

Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias, held the prestigious position of heir apparent to the Spanish monarchy. His professional life was marked by his role as the future ruler of various dominions and kingdoms under Spanish rule. Despite his young age, Prince Balthasar Charles was a prominent figure in the royal court and a subject of renowned artist Velázquez's paintings. His premature demise in 1646 at the age of 16 cut short a promising career in leadership and governance.

Lourenço de Almeida was a Portuguese explorer and military commander who distinguished himself in the Indian Ocean. He made Ceylon tributary to Portugal and established a settlement there, facilitating the expansion of the Portuguese Empire in Asia. He defeated the fleet of the Zamorin at the Battle of Cannanore in 1506. Tragically, he lost his life in a naval action off Chaul, India, at the Battle of Chaul. Lourenço de Almeida's significant contributions include his role in Portuguese exploration and military successes in the Indian Ocean region.

Duarte Pacheco Pereira was a renowned Portuguese sea captain, soldier, explorer, and cartographer known as the Portuguese Achilles. He excelled in strategic warfare, exploration, mathematics, and astronomy. Pereira traveled extensively in the central Atlantic Ocean, along the coast of West Africa, and to India. His professional life was marked by exceptional accomplishments in various fields, making significant contributions to navigation and understanding of the world during his time.

António de Spínola was a prominent Portuguese military officer, author, and conservative politician. He served as the first President of Portugal after the downfall of the Estado Novo regime. De Spínola played a crucial role in the country's shift towards democracy following the Carnation Revolution. Known for his leadership and strategic acumen, he was instrumental in guiding Portugal through a period of significant political transformation and laying the groundwork for a more democratic and progressive future.

Jorge Sampaio was a Portuguese lawyer and politician known for his tenure as the 18th President of Portugal from 1996 to 2006. He was a key figure in the Socialist Party, leading it from 1989 to 1992. Sampaio also served as the Mayor of Lisbon and as the High-Representative for the United Nations' Alliance of Civilizations. Throughout his career, he opposed the dictatorship of Estado Novo, supported political prisoners, and played a significant role in international relations, including the handover of Macau to China and the East Timorese crisis in 1999.

Martim Afonso de Sousa was a Portuguese fidalgo known for his contributions as an explorer and colonial administrator. He played a significant role in the early exploration and colonization efforts of Portugal, particularly in Brazil. De Sousa led expeditions to establish settlements, manage colonial territories, and expand Portuguese influence in the region. His leadership and strategic decisions helped to secure Portuguese interests in South America, contributing to the growth of the Portuguese colonial empire during the Age of Discovery.

Francisco de Sá Carneiro was a prominent Portuguese politician and the first leader of the Social Democratic Party. He served as Prime Minister of Portugal for eleven months in 1980 before his tragic death in a plane crash. Known for his leadership and dedication to political reform, Sá Carneiro played a key role in the founding of the Social Democratic Party, shaping its early direction and policies. His legacy continues to be honored in Portuguese political history for his contributions to democracy and governance.

General Vasco dos Santos Gonçalves was a Portuguese army officer in the Engineering Corps who played a key role in the Carnation Revolution. Following the revolution, he was appointed as Prime Minister of Portugal, serving from July 1974 to September 1975. During his tenure, Gonçalves implemented various social and economic reforms, nationalized key industries, and focused on improving the living conditions of the Portuguese people. He was known for his leftist political orientation and his efforts to bring about significant changes in the country.

Tomé de Sousa was a nobleman and soldier who served as the first governor-general of the Portuguese colony of Brazil from 1549 to 1553. He had a distinguished military career, participating in expeditions in Africa and fighting the Moors. Sousa also commanded a ship to Portuguese India as part of Fernão de Andrade's armada. Additionally, he held the esteemed position of the first knight commander of the medieval Monastery of Rates, which was re-established in the 12th century and dissolved in the 16th century.

Rui Moreira is a prominent Portuguese businessman and politician who has been serving as the Mayor of Porto since 2013. Although officially an independent, he has garnered support from the CDS – People's Party since 2013 and the Liberal Initiative since 2021. Throughout his professional career, Moreira has demonstrated strong leadership skills and a commitment to improving the city of Porto. He is known for his strategic vision, effective governance, and dedication to promoting economic growth and development within the region.

João Carlos de Saldanha Oliveira e Daun, 1st Duke of Saldanha was a prominent Portuguese marshal and statesman known for his distinguished professional career. He played a significant role in Portuguese military and political affairs, serving as a key figure during various important events. Saldanha's leadership and strategic acumen were widely recognized, earning him a reputation as a skilled and influential individual. Throughout his career, he made notable contributions to the development and stability of Portugal, leaving a lasting impact on the country's history.

José Francisco Trindade Coelho was a prominent Portuguese writer, magistrate, and politician. Throughout his career, he made significant contributions to Portuguese literature through his insightful writings, which often reflected social issues and cultural aspects of his time. As a magistrate, he upheld justice and fairness in his legal work, earning respect for his dedication and integrity. Trindade Coelho also engaged in politics, advocating for societal improvements and playing an active role in shaping the political landscape of Portugal during his lifetime.

Vasco Joaquim Rocha Vieira, a distinguished retired Portuguese Army officer, served as the final Governor of Macau. Throughout his career, he demonstrated exceptional leadership and strategic acumen, overseeing the governance and administration of Macau during a critical period in its history. His tenure was marked by a commitment to upholding stability and promoting development in the region. Vieira's contributions to Macau's political landscape and his dedication to public service have left a lasting impact on the region's history and legacy.

Joaquim Augusto Mouzinho de Albuquerque was a distinguished Portuguese cavalry officer known for his military achievements and leadership. He successfully captured Gungunhana in Chaimite in 1895, showcasing his tactical prowess and strategic capabilities. Additionally, he served as the governor-general of Mozambique, where he demonstrated his administrative skills and commitment to public service. Mouzinho de Albuquerque's professional life was marked by his dedication to his country and his significant contributions to both the military and governance in Mozambique.

Marcelino da Mata was a distinguished Portuguese Army officer known for his exceptional bravery and heroism during the Portuguese Colonial War. He holds the record as the most decorated army officer in Portugal, having participated in an impressive 2412 command operations. His professional life was marked by a steadfast dedication to his country and a remarkable display of leadership and courage on the battlefield. Marcelino da Mata's legacy is one of unparalleled service and unwavering commitment to duty.

João Maria Ferreira do Amaral was a Portuguese military officer and politician. He served as the governor of Macau, where he implemented various reforms and policies. During his tenure, tensions between Portugal and China escalated, leading to his assassination by Chinese assailants. This event sparked the Battle of Passaleão, a significant conflict between the two nations. Ferreira do Amaral's professional life was marked by his dedication to his military and political duties, as well as his efforts to govern Macau effectively despite the challenging circumstances.

Manuel de Arriaga was a prominent Portuguese lawyer who served as the first attorney-general and the first elected president of the First Portuguese Republic. He played a crucial role in the establishment of the Republic following the deposition of King Manuel II. Arriaga's legal expertise and leadership qualities were instrumental in guiding the country through this transitional period. His tenure as president laid the foundation for the new republican government, setting the stage for subsequent leaders to continue shaping Portugal's political landscape.

Carlos Eugénio Correia da Silva, Count of Paço de Arcos, was a distinguished Portuguese statesman known for his impactful contributions to the political landscape. His professional life was characterized by his commitment to public service and his leadership roles in various governmental positions. He served with dedication and integrity, earning respect for his diplomatic skills and political acumen. Throughout his career, he played a key role in shaping policies and decisions that influenced the direction of the country, leaving a lasting legacy in Portuguese politics.

João Rodrigo Reis Carvalho Leão is a distinguished Portuguese economist, university professor, and politician. He has held various roles in the government, including serving as Minister of Finance in the administration of Prime Minister António Costa. With a strong background in economics and finance, João Leão has contributed significantly to shaping economic policies and fiscal strategies in Portugal. His expertise and leadership have been instrumental in navigating the country through various financial challenges and ensuring sustainable economic growth.

Ernesto Melo Antunes was a Portuguese military officer known for his significant involvement in the Carnation Revolution of 25 April 1974. He played a key role in the peaceful overthrow of the authoritarian Estado Novo regime, advocating for democracy and social justice in Portugal. Antunes was a leading figure in the Armed Forces Movement and a key architect of the revolution's success. He later became a prominent political figure, serving in various government positions and contributing to the country's transition to democracy.

Alfredo Nobre da Costa was a Portuguese engineer and politician who briefly served as prime minister of Portugal in 1978. A moderate independent center-left politician, he was appointed to complete the legislative term initiated in the 1976 election. His cabinet consisted of independents but failed to gain a majority in the Assembly of the Republic, leading to his resignation. Nobre da Costa was known for his brief tenure as prime minister before being replaced by Carlos Alberto da Mota Pinto.

José Maria Pereira Coutinho is a prominent Macanese politician and jurist. He has held various significant positions throughout his career, including Counselor of the Portuguese Communities since 2003, President of Macau Civil Servants Association since 1998, and President of the pro-democracy party New Hope. Additionally, he has been serving as a Deputy of the Legislative Assembly of Macau since 2005. Coutinho's professional life is characterized by his dedication to public service, advocacy for democracy, and active involvement in various community organizations.

António Ng Kuok Cheong is a prominent figure in Macau's democracy movement. He served as a member of the Macau Legislative Assembly, representing the New Macau Association, a pro-democratic political party that he founded. Additionally, he leads the Union for Democracy Development, a political pressure group advocating for democratic reforms in Macau. Ng's professional background includes working in a Chinese bank before facing job loss due to political pressure from Beijing. He holds an undergraduate degree in economics from the Chinese University of Hong Kong.

D. Luís de Vasconcelos e Sousa, 3rd Count of Castelo Melhor, was a prominent Portuguese politician and prime minister. He effectively governed Portugal during the reign of Afonso VI, successfully leading the war against Spain and securing Spanish recognition of Portugal's new ruling dynasty. Castelo Melhor rose to power at court by influencing the king to take control of the throne. He played a key role in reorganizing the Portuguese troops and overseeing the victorious phase of the Portuguese Restoration War. Despite facing political challenges, he continued to hold important positions until his death.

Artur Tamagnini de Sousa Barbosa was a colonial administrator who served as Governor of Macao three times. He began his first term in 1918 and faced challenges during his third term, as he had to prepare Macau for World War II and negotiate with the Japanese to maintain the colony's neutrality. His collaborative work can be found in the Gazette of the Colonies (1924–1926). Barbosa's professional life was marked by his dedication to the governance and management of the former Portuguese colony of Macao.

António de Saldanha was a renowned Castilian-Portuguese explorer and diplomat known for his significant contributions in the field of exploration. He gained recognition as the first European to land on Table Bay, South Africa, marking a crucial moment in maritime history. Saldanha's professional achievements also include the notable feat of making the first recorded ascent of Table Mountain, a significant geographical landmark. His pioneering expeditions and diplomatic endeavors played a pivotal role in expanding European knowledge and influence in the region during the Age of Exploration.

General Artur Ivens Ferraz was a distinguished Portuguese military officer and politician, known for his service in World War I as part of the Portuguese Expeditionary Force in France. He held various significant positions throughout his career, including Governor-General of Portuguese Mozambique, Minister of Trade, Colonies, and Finances, as well as serving as Prime Minister for a brief period. His expertise and leadership were further demonstrated through his roles as general administrator of the Army and head of the Armed Forces.

Tomás António Garcia Rosado was a prominent figure in Portuguese military and diplomatic circles. He distinguished himself as a general in the Portuguese Army and later as the Governor of Mozambique. Known for his diplomatic skills, he served as the Portuguese Ambassador to the UK, showcasing his expertise in international relations. Throughout his career, Tomás António Garcia Rosado played pivotal roles in shaping Portugal's military strategy and diplomatic engagements, leaving a lasting impact on the country's foreign policy landscape.

Ho Yin ComB was a prominent figure in Macau as a successful businessman, politician, and respected leader within the Chinese community. Throughout his professional life, he played a significant role in shaping the economic landscape of Macau through his business ventures. As a politician, Ho Yin was known for his dedication to serving the people and advocating for the interests of the Chinese community. His leadership and influence were instrumental in the development and growth of Macau during his tenure.

António Lopes dos Santos was a prominent Portuguese army general and colonial administrator. He held various key military positions, including district governor of Portuguese Mozambique, Governor of Macau, chief of staff of Macau's garrison, and military commander in Portuguese Guinea. Following the Carnation Revolution in 1974, he became Deputy Army Chief of Staff of the Portuguese Army and held other significant roles such as head of the Military Studies Centre and director of the Portuguese National Defense Institute. He remained active in fostering relations between Macau and Portugal and was involved in organizations promoting friendship between Portugal and China.