Carel Fabritius Biography

(Dutch Painter Known for His Works ‘A View of Delft’, ‘The Goldfinch’ and ‘The Sentry’)

Birthday: February 27, 1622 (Pisces)

Born In: Middenbeemster, Dutch Republic

Carel Fabritius was a prolific Dutch painter, best known for his paintings ‘The Goldfinch’ and ‘The Sentry.’ Born and raised in Middenbeemster, the Dutch Republic, he was one of the four children of his parents. He inherited the love for fine arts from his father. His father himself was a painter and a schoolteacher, and both of his younger brothers went on to become painters, too. He began his career as a carpenter and eventually developed an interest in the arts. He learned painting at Rembrandt’s studio in Amsterdam. Rembrandt was a highly prolific painter, who is still considered the most influential visual artist in Dutch history. Carel later moved to Delft and joined the Delft painters’ guild there. Of all of Rembrandt’s students, Carel was the only one who had developed his own painting style, which later became his signature style. He created highly luminous paintings and experimented a lot with the lighting. He painted his first known creation, ‘The Beheading of John the Baptist,’ in 1640, and later created paintings such as ‘The Goldfinch’ and ‘Young Man in a Fur Cap.’ ‘The Goldfinch’ was discovered more than 2 centuries after Carel’s death and inspired a novel and a film of the same name.
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Quick Facts

Also Known As: Carel Pietersz. Fabritius

Died At Age: 32

Family:

Spouse/Ex-: Agatha van Pruyssen

father: Pieter Carelsz

mother: Barbertje van der Maes

Born Country: Netherlands

Baroque Painters Realist Painters

Died on: October 12, 1654

place of death: Delft, Dutch Republic

Cause of Death: House Fire

: Explosion

Childhood & Early Life
Carel Fabritius was born Carel Pietersz Fabritius, on February 27, 1622, in Middenbeemster, the Dutch Republic, to Pieter Carelsz. His father was a part-time painter and a school teacher. Carel’s first inspiration to become a painter came from his father, who trained all his sons in the basics of painting.
Carel was the eldest of the three brothers, and both his younger brothers, too, later became painters. Many years later, Carel had a younger sister.
However, despite his father being a painter, Carel’s family’s main profession was carpentry. Carel chose “Fabritius” as his last name, as it means “carpenter” in Latin. Although he might have received an early training in colors from his father, he and his younger brothers, Barent and Johannes, initially became dedicated to their family profession, carpentry.
However, Carel could not commit to carpentry for a long time. He heard about a painter called Rembrandt from Amsterdam, who taught painting. Thus, Carel moved to Amsterdam in 1641.
His brother Barent accompanied him, along with one of his childhood friends, Samuel van Hoogstraten. Carel had a lifelong friendship with Samuel. It is also assumed that Samuel became Carel’s full-time assistant during Carel’s peak years, but this has not been confirmed.
Carel turned out to be a fast learner. Historians claim that it took Carel only 20 months to learn the basics of painting, such as lighting and the skills to effectively inject emotions into a painting.
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Career
He was one of the many students of Rembrandt, and art historians believe that he was probably the only one of his pupils who went on to develop his own style of painting. While Rembrandt’s paintings had a dark background, with the subject sitting under spotlight, Carel experimented a lot with lighting. Carel drew delicately lit subjects that were painted in front of light-colored backgrounds.
Carel was more interested in the technical aspects of his work, a style that was obvious since his first painting. He created luminous paintings using cool colors to bring more character to his works.
It is said that the 1640-released ‘The Beheading of John the Baptist’ was his first painting. It is currently placed at the ‘Rijksmuseum’ in Amsterdam. However, the more widely accepted claim is that the 1643 painting ‘The Raising of Lazarus’ was his first painting. The painting is currently placed at the ‘National Museum’ in Warsaw.
However, it is still not known where exactly he had created his first few paintings. His wife died in 1643, and it is said that he moved to his hometown for financial reasons. However, his wife hailed from a wealthy family and left a huge fortune for Carel. Hence, money could not have been the reason behind Carel moving back to his hometown.
Despite the fact that his early paintings were unique, they still carried Rembrandt’s influence. His paintings after 1646 were diverted from Rembrandt’s influence. This period had Carel working completely in his original style. The paintings called ‘Mercury and Argus’ and ‘Mercury and Aglauros’ are great testimonies of that style.
Delft was a small town, and it did not give him enough opportunities to draw portraits for money. Amsterdam had a thriving art scene, and there were a lot of rich people there, interested in getting their portraits painted. Thus, Carel arguably kept moving back and forth between Amsterdam and Delft.
In 1649, he painted many portraits. Some of his most popular paintings from the era were the portraits of Abraham de Potter and Balthasar Deutz.
He also painted several well-known paintings such as ‘A Girl with a Broom’ and ‘A View of Delft.’ Sometime in the late 1640s or the early 1650s, he stopped moving between Amsterdam and Delft. He permanently settled in Delft and opened his own art studio. Many historians also claim that he had a pupil named Mattias Spoors.
Back then, Carel painted some of his most well-known paintings, such as ‘The Goldfinch,’ ‘The Sentry,’ and ‘Young Man in a Fur Cap.’
He also joined the Delft painters’ guild, known as the ‘Guild of Saint Luke.’ It is also assumed that while he was a member of the guild, he came in touch with fellow painters such as Johannes Vermeer and Pieter de Hooch. However, he could not paint for too long, as he passed away soon.
Family, Personal Life & Death
Carel Fabritius married Aeltge Velthuys, the sister of the local pastor of Delft, in 1641. However, the marriage did not last long, as she passed away 2 years later, during childbirth.
Carel then married a widow named Agatha van Pruyssen in 1650.
On October 12, 1654, an unfortunate accident took place in Delft, involving the Delft gunpowder magazine. The blast was so intense that it destroyed half the town, along with Carel’s studio. Carel passed away in the blast. Several of his unfinished paintings were also destroyed.
Legacy
Carel Fabritius is still known as one of the most daring and original painters of his time. He inspired painters such as Johannes Vermeer and Pieter de Hooch.
Many art historians claim that if Carel had not died an unfortunate death, he would have easily surpassed his master, Rembrandt, as the best painter from the Dutch Golden Age.
His painting ‘The Goldfinch’ has inspired a book and a film, both with the same title.

See the events in life of Carel Fabritius in Chronological Order

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