Who was Charles J. Guiteau? Everything You Need to Know

Quick Facts

Also Known As: Charles Julius Guiteau

Died At Age: 40

Family:

Spouse/Ex-: Annie Bunn (m. 1869–1874)

father: Luther Wilson Guiteau

mother: Jane Howe Guiteau

Born Country: United States

American Men Virgo Criminals

Died on: June 30, 1882

place of death: Washington, D.C., United States

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1

What was Charles J. Guiteau's motive for assassinating President James A. Garfield?

Charles J. Guiteau believed that he was owed a government position and felt that assassinating the President would benefit the Republican Party.
2

Where did Charles J. Guiteau carry out the assassination of President James A. Garfield?

Charles J. Guiteau shot President James A. Garfield at the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Station in Washington, D.C. on July 2, 1881.
3

What was the outcome of Charles J. Guiteau's trial for the assassination of President James A. Garfield?

Charles J. Guiteau was found guilty and sentenced to death. He was executed by hanging on June 30, 1882.
4

How did Charles J. Guiteau defend himself during his trial for the assassination of President James A. Garfield?

Charles J. Guiteau defended himself during the trial, claiming that he was a "Stalwart of the Stalwarts" and that he was divinely inspired to assassinate the President.
5

What impact did the assassination of President James A. Garfield by Charles J. Guiteau have on American politics?

The assassination of President James A. Garfield by Charles J. Guiteau led to increased security measures for the President and highlighted the dangers of political patronage in government appointments.

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Childhood & Early Life

Charles J. Guiteau was born on 8 September 1841, in Freeport, Illinois, to Luther Wilson Guiteau and Jane August. His parents were of French Huguenot ancestry. He was the fourth of six children.

He inherited $1000 from his grandfather at a young age, after which he went to study at the University of Michigan. However, he was unable to pass the entrance examinations. In 1860 he joined a utopian religious sect called the Oneida Community.

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Career

Charles Guiteau began working at a law firm in Chicago as a clerk. He also passed an examination that attained him admission to bar, though he was not very successful as a lawyer. Later, he developed an interest in politics, and identified with the Democratic Party.

He supported Horace Greeley, who was the Liberal Republic and Democratic candidate for president against incumbent Republican Ulysses S. Grant, in 1872, and also delivered a speech in support of Greeley.

Guiteau became quite convinced that if Greeley won, he would be appointed as Minister to Chile. However, after Greeley lost the elections, he turned to theology and published `The Truth`, a book, which was hugely plagiarized form the work of Alfred Noyes.

His father became convinced that Guiteau was possessed by the devil. However, Guiteau himself felt the opposite and was convinced that whatever he was doing was divinely inspired, and that he was destined to preach a new Gospel like Apostle Paul.

He went from town to town and gave lectures to whoever would listen to his ramblings, and eventually in December 1877, he also gave a lecture at the Congregational Church in Washington D.C.

Charles Guiteau turned his interest to politics and supported Republican Ulysses S. Grant for the 1880 presidential elections. He wrote a speech titled ‘Grant against Hancock’. However, James A. Garfield won the Republican nomination, so Guiteau decided to change the title to ‘Garfield against Hancock’, and removed any mention of Grant. The speech was delivered twice, and several copies were also passed out to different party members.

When James A. Garfield was eventually elected president, Guiteau felt that he was hugely responsible for his victory, and wanted to be awarded with an ambassadorship in return. He asked for postings in Vienna or Paris. However, his requests were all rejected by the administration.

Assassination

After his requests for the ambassadorship were rejected, Charles J. Guiteau decided to assassinated President James A. Garfield. For this purpose, he purchased a British Bulldog revolver from a store in Washington and spent a lot of time in target practice.

He also postponed his plan despite multiple opportunities, as Lucretia, Garfield`s wife was not in good health, and Guiteau did not want to upset her.

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On 2 July 1881, when the President James A. Garfield was on his way to New Jersey, in order to meet his wife, Guiteau felt that it was a perfect opportunity to take down the President. When Garfield arrived at the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Station, Guiteau walked behind him up the stairs, and then shot Garfield in the back with the revolver, twice. Though he tried to run away and escape, he was caught by a large group of people.

Garfield passed away eleven weeks after being shot, after a long battle with his infections that were caused by the gunshot wound. American journalist, Candice Millard, argued that Garfield would have survived if his doctors would have just left him alone instead of poking and probing the wound. Guiteau was officially charged with murder, after Garfield`s death.

Trial & Execution

The trial began on 17th November, 1881, in Washington, DC. Leigh Robinson was appointed to represent and defend Charles Guiteau, though Guiteau wanted to represent himself. This was the first high-profile case in the US, where temporary insanity was considered. Guiteau, however, insisted that he was legally insane, as God had taken away his free will and wanted him commit the act, but he was not insane medically. This caused rift between him and his defense lawyers.

According to psychiatrist Allan McLane Hamilton, Guiteau was sane when he had killed Garfield. However, an autopsy of his brain after his death revealed that he may have had neurosyphillis, a disease which is known to cause mental instability. Neurologist George Paulson argued that Guiteau was actually schizophrenic and narcissistic.

He was eventually sentenced to death. During his time in prison, he wrote about the assassination and his reasons for the crime, as well as an account of the trial, which was later published as ‘The Truth and The Removal’. He had also composed a lengthy poem where he asserted that he killed Garfield because God asked him to, in order to stop Secretary Blaine from starting a war with Chile and Peru. Eventually on 30 June 1882, Guiteau was hanged till death.

Family & Personal Life

Charles Guiteau had married a librarian named Annie Bunn in 1869. He was known to be physically abusive with her.

Facts About Charles J. Guiteau

Guiteau believed that God had chosen him to kill President Garfield in order to bring about political reform in the United States.

Despite his heinous act, Guiteau was reportedly well-dressed and maintained a charming demeanor during his trial.

Guiteau's erratic behavior and delusional beliefs led many to speculate about his mental health and state of mind at the time of the assassination.

Guiteau's trial became a widely publicized event, with many following the proceedings closely and debating his motivations and sanity.

Charles J. Guiteau Biography

You wanted to know

What was Charles J. Guiteau's motive for assassinating President James A. Garfield?

Where did Charles J. Guiteau carry out the assassination of President James A. Garfield?

What was the outcome of Charles J. Guiteau's trial for the assassination of President James A. Garfield?

How did Charles J. Guiteau defend himself during his trial for the assassination of President James A. Garfield?

What impact did the assassination of President James A. Garfield by Charles J. Guiteau have on American politics?