Daniel Webster Biography

(Former United States Senator)

Birthday: January 18, 1782 (Capricorn)

Born In: Salisbury, New Hampshire, United States

Daniel Webster was a renowned American Senator and politician. Famous for his gift of the gab ability, he vehemently criticised the War of 1812 and the violation of New England’s shipping rights at a public speech. Moreover, this speech was also his protest against the extremism of New Englanders who supported the idea of the region’s secession from the Union. As a member of the House of Representative, he openly criticised President James Madison’s administrative and wartime policies. He expressed his disapproval of the ‘tariff of 1816’ and ‘American System’, an economic plan of House Speaker Henry Clay. Based on his briefs, John Marshall, the fourth Chief Justice of the United States gave several court decisions. Apart from that, he also interpreted matters of constitutional law to a number of justices. All these activities earned him the name of the Great Expounder of the Constitution. During his tenure as the Secretary of State, he was a key supporter of “Jury nullification” law about which he stated in his famous “Seventh of March” speech. It was Webster who, as chief American diplomat, wrote the Hulsemann Letter by defending America’s right to participate in the internal politics of Hungary.He was a strong supporter of the idea of the establishment of commercial relations with Japan.
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Quick Facts

Died At Age: 70

Family:

Spouse/Ex-: Caroline LeRoy Webster (m. 1829), Grace Fletcher (m. 1808–1828)

father: Ebenezer Webster

mother: Abigail Webster

siblings: Ezekiel

children: Fletcher Webster

Political Leaders American Men

Died on: October 24, 1852

place of death: Marshfield, Massachusetts, United States

U.S. State: New Hampshire

Cause of Death: Drug Overdose

More Facts

education: Dartmouth College, Phillips Exeter Academy

  • 1

    When did Daniel Webster serve as Secretary of State?

    Daniel Webster served as Secretary of State under Presidents William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, and Millard Fillmore from 1841 to 1843 and again from 1850 to 1852.

  • 2

    What was Daniel Webster's stance on the issue of slavery?

    Daniel Webster was known for his shifting views on slavery. While he initially supported compromises to maintain the Union, he later became a staunch supporter of the abolitionist cause.

  • 3

    What was Daniel Webster's role in the landmark Supreme Court case, Worcester v. Georgia?

    Daniel Webster argued on behalf of the Cherokee Nation in the case of Worcester v. Georgia, advocating for Native American rights and challenging the state of Georgia's authority over indigenous lands.

  • 4

    What were some of the key legislative accomplishments of Daniel Webster?

    Daniel Webster played a significant role in shaping American foreign policy, advocating for protective tariffs, and promoting infrastructure development, including the construction of roads and canals.

Childhood & Early Life
Born to Ebenezer and Abigail Webster, Daniel Webster grew up with his nine siblings in Salisbury, New Hampshire, USA. His father was a farmer and tavern keeper who also served during the American Revolution.
In 1794, he studied at Phillips Exeter Academy, a preparatory school in Exeter, New Hampshire. Later, he attended Dartmouth College where he drew attention for his oratory power.
After finishing graduation from Dartmouth in 1801, he studied law and worked as an apprentice to Thomas W. Thompson in Salisbury. Within a brief period, he resigned from the law office and worked as the headmaster of the Fryebug Academy, Maine for one year.
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Career
In 1804, he accepted a position under prominent attorney Christopher Gore, a renowned attorney in Boston. It was during this time, when he became aware about various legal and political subjects and made acquaintance with a number of New England politicians.
In 1805, he was accepted into the bar. After his return to New Hampshire, he planned to set up a practice in Boscawen. It was during this period when he developed an interest towards politics.
In 1806, he handed over his practice to his brother Ezekiel and in the next year, he shifted to Portsmouth to start law practice. In 1812, his public speech at the Washington Benevolent Society regarding his opposition of the War of 1812 was a turning point of his career.
The speech earned him wide recognition and as a result of this, he was selected to the Rockingham Convention. He acted as a member of the drafting committee of this assembly and composed the “Rockingham Memorial”.
Due to his notable contribution to New England Federalism, shipping interest and constant opposition to war, he was chosen to the House of Representatives in 1812. He served here till 1817.
Later, he moved his practice to Boston. For his wide recognition as a constitutional lawyer, he acted as a delegate to the 1820 Massachusetts Constitutional Convention. During this Convention, he spoke against universal suffrage of men and expressed his support for the districting of the State Senate.
In 1832, he opposed the economic policies of Andrew Jackson. Jackson's campaign against the Second Bank of the United States (1816–1841) was one of these policies.
As one of the four Whig Party members, he played a vital role in running the office of the President in 1836. Later, he rejected the Party’s offer of vice presidency when it nominated William Henry Harrison as its president.
In 1841, he acted as the Secretary of State. In the next year, he played an important role in the formation of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty that resolved the Caroline Affair.
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In the month of May 1843, he left the cabinet under the pressure of the Whig Party.
In 1845, after his election to the Senate for the second time, he strongly opposed the Texas Annexation and Mexican-American War.
On March 7, 1850, he delivered his famous “Seventh of March” speech on the Compromise of 1850. As a result of this, he faced severe criticism by abolitionists in New England.
In 1850, he resigned from the Senate and resumed his role as the Secretary of State under Whig President Millard Fillmore. In this context his strong campaign for the Fugitive Slave Law deserves special mention. He made his final campaign for the Presidency in 1852.
Personal Life & Legacy
In 1808, he got married to Grace Fletcher and they had four children. His son Fletcher Webster worked as a Union Amy infantry colonel during the Civil War.
He was seriously injured after falling from his horse at his home in Marshfield. At that time he was suffering from cirrhosis of liver which resulted in cerebral haemorrhage and he passed away.
Facts About Daniel Webster

Daniel Webster was known for his exceptional oratory skills, delivering powerful speeches that captivated audiences and influenced political debates.

Webster was a gifted writer and author, publishing several works on law, politics, and history throughout his career.

Webster had a keen interest in agriculture and owned a farm in Massachusetts where he experimented with innovative farming techniques.

In addition to his legal and political pursuits, Webster was also a patron of the arts, supporting various cultural institutions and artists during his lifetime.

See the events in life of Daniel Webster in Chronological Order

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- Daniel Webster Biography
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URL
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