Georges Lemaître Biography

(Scientist & Priest)

Birthday: July 17, 1894 (Cancer)

Born In: Charleroi, Belgium

Georges Lemaitre was a Belgian scientist who propounded some of the most important theories in cosmology and astronomy in a career that spanned a better part of four decades. Lemaitre was also a priest and was in fact courted by Vatican to become a researcher on contraception. Pope John XXIII named him a prelate in 1960, however it was as a scientist that he made his name and his earliest theories on the ‘expansion of the universe’ was published in a Belgian scientific journal in 1927 and throughout his life he continued to conduct research on the subject that made him one of the most influential scientists of his generation. Lemaitre was also responsible for the study that later came to be known as Hubble’s Law but his contribution towards the discoveries in cosmology were not acknowledged at the time. He used Einstein’s Theory of Relativity in his research and came up with the theory that was discovered by Hubble two years after him. Georges Lemaitre taught at the Catholic University of Leuven and stayed with the university throughout his professional life. Lemaitre also had a profound interest in new technology and was enthusiastic about the development of computers and calculators.
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Quick Facts

Also Known As: Georges Henri Joseph Édouard Lemaître

Died At Age: 71

Physicists Astronomers

Died on: June 20, 1966

place of death: Leuven, Belgium

More Facts

education: University of Cambridge, Catholic University of Leuven

  • 1

    What is Georges Lemaître known for?

    Georges Lemaître is known for proposing the Big Bang theory of the origin of the universe.

  • 2

    What was Georges Lemaître's occupation?

    Georges Lemaître was a Belgian Catholic priest, astronomer, and professor of physics.

  • 3

    What is the significance of Georges Lemaître's work in cosmology?

    Georges Lemaître's work in cosmology is significant because he was the first to propose the theory of the expanding universe and the primeval atom hypothesis, which later became known as the Big Bang theory.

  • 4

    How did Georges Lemaître's research impact the field of astrophysics?

    Georges Lemaître's research had a significant impact on the field of astrophysics by providing a scientific basis for the origin of the universe and laying the groundwork for modern cosmology.

  • 5

    What is the Lemaitre crater on the moon named after?

    The Lemaitre crater on the moon is named after Georges Lemaître in recognition of his contributions to the field of cosmology and astrophysics.

Childhood & Early Life
Georges Henri Joseph Edouard Lemaitre was born on 17 July, 1894 to Joseph Lemaitre and his wife Maguerite Lannoy in Leuven, Belgium. Very little information is available about his parents and their professions. It is unknown whether he had any siblings or not.
Georges Lemaitre was initially educated at a Jesuit school located in Charleroi named College du Sacre-Couer. After finishing his high school education Lemaitre entered the Catholic University in Leuven to study civil engineering when he was 17. However, in 1914, he put his education on hold as he needed to serve the army during the First World War.
After returning from the World War, Georges Lemaitre returned to education and studied mathematics and physics, before finishing his Ph.D. in 1920. Three years later he went to St. Edmund’s College at Cambridge University as a post-graduate student and studied numerical analysis and cosmology. In the same year, he also became a Christian priest. Subsequently he spent a year at the Harvard Observatory before attending the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston for a doctoral degree.
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Career
After returning from the United States, Georges Lemaitre started his career in his native Belgium in 1925, when the Catholic University of Leuven appointed him as a part-time lecturer. Two years later, Lemaitre’s famous work proposing the theory of ‘expansion of the universe, titled ‘A Homogenous universe of constant mass and growing radius accounting for the radial velocity of extragalactic nebulae’ was published by the ‘Annals of the Scientific Society of Brussels’. The paper became more famous after it was translated into English. Later on, he would also go on to propound the ‘Big Bang Theory’.
Georges Lemaitre was also interested in cosmology and in 1927 wrote a paper that applied Einstein’s Theory of Relativity to the subject as he discovered the phenomenon that later became far more famous as Hubble’s Law. Lemaitre was also successful in computing the Hubble constant and became one of the stalwarts in the field of cosmology.
His theories on the universe had become quite famous and after his paper had been translated to English, the British Society invited him to London in 1931 in a conference related to spirituality and the universe. At the conference, he further explained his theory on ‘expansion of the universe’. He also travelled to important scientific conference like the Solvay Conference and the one held at Princeton University in the United States a few years later.
He spoke at a series of science conferences in the United States in 1933 and in one of those lectures, Albert Einstein, who was also one of the invitees, is believed to have applauded Lemaitre’s theory of cosmic rays. In the same year, Lemaitre returned to the subject of ‘expansion of the universe’ and produced a new paper that became one of his life’s greatest works.
The members of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences elected Georges Lemaitre as a member in 1936 and he rose to become the president of the organization 24 years later. He would remain a lifelong member. He was also elected as a member by the members of the Royal Academy of Sciences and Arts of Belgium.
Georges Lemaitre reduced his teaching related commitments in the 1950s and eventually gave up teaching altogether. The last years of his life and career were devoted to mathematics and he developed a keen interest in the then developing field of computer engineering.
Awards & Achievements
He was awarded the Francqui Prize on 17 March, 1934 by King Leopold III of Belgium. It is the biggest honour for scientists in Belgium.
The Royal Astronomical Society honoured him with the Eddington Medal 1953.
Georges Lemaitre’s second paper on the ‘expansion of the universe’ published in the ‘Annals of the Scientific Society of Brussels’ in 1933 is without doubt his greatest work in his long and distinguished career as a scientist.
Personal Life & Legacy
Georges Lemaitre was a Catholic priest and he lived under a vow of celibacy. Therefore, therefore he never married or had any children
Lemaitre died in Leuven, Belgium, on 20 June, 1966 at the age of 71. Reasons for his death are unknown.
Facts About Georges Lemaître

Georges Lemaître not only proposed the theory of the expansion of the universe, but he was also a talented pianist and violinist, showcasing his creativity and passion for the arts.

Lemaître was known for his quirky sense of humor, often incorporating jokes and puns into his lectures and conversations with colleagues.

Despite his groundbreaking work in cosmology, Lemaître maintained a humble and modest demeanor, preferring to focus on his research rather than seeking fame or recognition.

Lemaître was a strong advocate for the intersection of science and religion, believing that the two disciplines could coexist harmoniously and enrich one another.

In addition to his scientific pursuits, Lemaître was a skilled linguist, proficient in multiple languages including English, French, German, and Italian, which contributed to his ability to communicate and collaborate with scientists from around the world.

See the events in life of Georges Lemaître in Chronological Order

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