Samuel P. Huntington Biography

(American Political Scientist Best Known for His 1993 Theory, the 'Clash of Civilizations')

Birthday: April 18, 1927 (Aries)

Born In: New York City

Samuel Phillips Huntington was an American political scientist and writer who rose to fame with his thesis ‘The Clash of Civilizations?’ which he later expanded into a book ‘The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order.’ A very prominent political scientist, he specialized in defense and international affairs, though his work covered diverse fields of political science. He played an important role as a political commentator on national debates on US Foreign Policy. After earning his doctorate from the Harvard University, he began teaching there. He specialized in American politics at the beginning of his career, later branching into other areas such as foreign policy, comparative politics, international relations and modernization. Huntington, along with Warren Demian Manshel founded an academic quarterly, ‘Foreign Policy’ in 1970 which was later changed into a bimonthly magazine. Huntington was a prolific writer and had published major works on multiple fields like defense policy, American political ideology, national security strategy, transnational organizations, processes of democratization, etc. He wrote, co-wrote or edited 17 books and numerous scholarly articles. He was an original thinker and many of his works were considered to be highly controversial at the time of their publication. Each one of his books dealt with a central political issue and his writings helped shape the American viewpoints on political development.

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Quick Facts

Also Known As: Samuel P. Huntington

Died At Age: 81

Family:

Spouse/Ex-: Nancy Arkelyan

father: Richard Thomas Huntington

mother: Dorothy Sanborn Phillips

Born Country: United States

Writers Political Scientists

political ideology: Democratic

Died on: December 24, 2008

place of death: Martha's Vineyard

City: New York City

U.S. State: New Yorkers

Founder/Co-Founder: Foreign Policy

More Facts

education: Stuyvesant High School, Yale University, University of Chicago, Harvard University

  • 1

    What are some key ideas in Samuel P. Huntington's The Clash of Civilizations?

    In "The Clash of Civilizations," Huntington argues that the primary source of conflict in the post-Cold War world will be cultural and religious differences rather than ideological or economic clashes.

  • 2

    What role did Samuel P. Huntington play in shaping U.S. foreign policy?

    Huntington advised various U.S. administrations on foreign policy matters, particularly on issues related to political development, democratization, and the impact of cultural factors in international relations.
  • 3

    How did Samuel P. Huntington contribute to the field of political science?

    Huntington made significant contributions to political science through his research on democratization, political development, and the impact of culture on global politics. His work continues to influence scholars in the field.
Childhood & Early Life
Samuel P. Huntington was born in New York to Richard Thomas Huntington, a journalist and Dorothy Sanborn Phillips, a writer. His maternal grandfather John Sanborn Phillips was a famous publisher.
He attended Stuyvesant High School, New York before graduating with distinction from the Yale University in 1946. He served a short stint with the US army before continuing his higher education.
He earned his master’s degree in political science from the University of Chicago in 1948, after which he attended the Harvard University from where he completed his Ph.D. in political science in 1951.
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Career
After earning his doctorate, he joined the faculty of the Harvard University where he taught from 1951 to 1958. He left in 1959 when his tenure was not renewed.
He was appointed as the associate director of the Institute for War and Peace studies at Columbia University in 1959 where he served till 1962.
In 1962, he returned to Harvard University and taught there for many years before being forced to retire because of ill health in 2007. There he also served two terms as the Chairman of the Department of Government (1967–69; 1970–71).
Apart from his academic career, he also acted as a foreign policy adviser in Hubert H. Humphrey's 1968 campaign for president and served in the Carter Administration on the National Security Council staff as Coordinator of Security Planning in 1977–78.
He was the Director of the Harvard Center for International Affairs for 12 years from 1978 to 1989.
He served as president of the American Political Science Association in 1986–87.
Huntington also served as the chair of the Harvard Academy for International and Area Studies from 1996 to 2004.
Major Works
Huntington’s first book ‘The Soldier and the State: The Theory and Politics of Civil-Military Relations’ was published in 1957. In this book he examined the relationship between political power and military professionalism.
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In his next book ‘Political Order in Changing Societies’, published in 1968, he challenged the orthodoxies of the 1960s in the field of development. He showed that the lack of political order and authority were the most serious problems of developing nations.
Along with Warren Demian Manshel, Huntington co-founded the journal ‘Foreign Policy’ in 1970. Originally the journal was a quarterly, though now it has changed to be a bi-monthly magazine.
In his 1991 book ‘The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century’, he analyzed the global trend of transition of a range of countries from non-democratic to democratic political systems during the 1970’s and 1980’s.
In 1993 he published his highly controversial thesis ‘The Clash of Civilizations?’ in which he predicted that the world will be divided into seven or eight large civilizations based on religious, historical, traditional, and cultural values, and conflicts will occur between the diverse civilizations.
He expanded his thesis ‘The Clash of Civilizations?’ and published a book titled 'The Clash of Civilizations and Remaking of World Order’ in 1996. The book provoked considerable debate at the time of its publication, but has gained much in significance post the September 11, 2001 terror attacks on the US.
His last book ‘Who Are We? The Challenges to America's National Identity’ was published in 2004. In this book he analyzed the threats to a unified American national identity.
Awards & Achievements
Huntington was the winner of the Grawemeyer Award in 1992 for “Ideas Improving World Order”.
Personal Life & Legacy
Samuel Huntington was married to Nancy Arkelyan Huntington. They had been married for 51 years at the time of his death. He had two sons and four grandchildren.
He died of congestive heart failure at the age of 81.
Facts About Samuel P. Huntington
Huntington was known for his love of sailing and often spent his free time on the water, finding solace and inspiration in the open sea.
Despite his serious academic pursuits, Huntington had a playful side and was known to have a dry sense of humor that endeared him to his colleagues and students.
An avid traveler, Huntington was passionate about exploring different cultures and societies, which greatly influenced his research and writing on political development and international relations.
Huntington was a talented pianist and enjoyed playing classical music in his spare time, finding relaxation and creativity in the melodies he produced.
In addition to his scholarly achievements, Huntington was also a dedicated mentor to many students and young scholars, offering guidance and support throughout their academic careers.

See the events in life of Samuel P. Huntington in Chronological Order

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