Famous Scottish Poets

Robert Louis Stevenson was a Scottish novelist, essayist, poet, and travel writer known for iconic works such as Treasure Island and Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. Despite battling chronic bronchial issues, he wrote extensively and explored widely. He engaged with London literary circles and found inspiration from renowned figures. Stevenson's move to Samoa fueled a shift in his writing style towards darker themes. His critical reception has varied over time, but his works remain widely acclaimed and he is recognized as a significant literary figure.

Robert Burns was a Scottish poet and lyricist, widely recognized as the national poet of Scotland. His work in the Scots language and standard English showcased political and civil commentary. A pioneer of the Romantic movement, he inspired liberalism and socialism posthumously. Burns' impact on Scottish literature is profound, with his compositions and adaptations of folk songs enduring through time. His famous works like "Auld Lang Syne," "A Red, Red Rose," and "Tam o' Shanter" solidified his legacy as a cultural icon and literary figure.

Sir Walter Scott was a renowned Scottish novelist, poet, and historian who made significant contributions to European and Scottish literature. In addition to his literary pursuits, he had a successful career as an advocate, judge, and legal administrator. Scott seamlessly blended his writing and editing work with his professional responsibilities as Clerk of Session and Sheriff-Depute of Selkirkshire. He was actively involved in Edinburgh's Tory establishment, held leadership positions in prestigious societies, and played a pivotal role in establishing the historical novel genre as a cornerstone of European Romanticism.

Andrew Lang was a Scottish poet, novelist, literary critic, and anthropologist known for his contributions to the field of anthropology and his work as a collector of folk and fairy tales. He had a significant impact on the study of folklore and mythology. Lang's influence extended to academia, as evidenced by the Andrew Lang lectures named in his honor at the University of St Andrews. His dedication to preserving and analyzing traditional stories has left a lasting legacy in the fields of literature and anthropology.

Ivor Cutler was a multi-talented Scottish artist known for his work as a poet, singer, musician, songwriter, and humorist. His career was marked by regular appearances on BBC radio, collaborations with notable figures like John Peel and Andy Kershaw, and performances in various mediums including radio, television, and live events. Cutler's unique style often involved accompanying himself on a harmonium and collaborating with musicians such as Neil Ardley, Robert Wyatt, and Fred Frith. He also wrote books for both children and adults, showcasing his diverse creative talents.

Tobias Smollett was a Scottish writer and surgeon known for his picaresque novels, including The Adventures of Roderick Random, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle, and The Expedition of Humphry Clinker. His works influenced later British novelists, such as Charles Dickens. Smollett's novels were subject to significant alterations by printers during his time, prompting the need for authoritative editions edited by scholars like Dr. O. M. Brack Jr. Smollett's professional life was marked by his contributions to literature and his dual roles as a writer and a medical practitioner.

Hugh MacDiarmid, born Christopher Murray Grieve, was a Scottish poet, journalist, essayist, and political figure. He played a significant role in the Scottish Renaissance, impacting Scottish culture and politics. MacDiarmid was known for his development of "synthetic Scots" and "synthetic English" languages in his literary works. He began his career as a journalist, served in the Royal Army Medical Corps during World War I, and later became editor of the Montrose Review. MacDiarmid's writings, including "A Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle," remain influential in the literary world.

James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, was a Scottish nobleman, poet, and soldier who served as viceroy and captain general of Scotland. Initially aligning with the Covenanters, he later supported King Charles I during the English Civil War. Montrose fought in the civil war in Scotland on behalf of the King and achieved remarkable victories known for their tactical brilliance. Despite being sentenced to death and executed, Montrose's reputation transformed post-Restoration, elevating him to a romantic hero immortalized in works by renowned authors.

Thomas Campbell was a Scottish poet known for his contributions to literature and society. He was a key figure in various clubs and associations, including the Clarence Club and the Literary Association of the Friends of Poland. Campbell played a significant role in the establishment of University College London. His notable works include "Pleasures of Hope," a didactic poem, as well as patriotic war songs such as "Ye Mariners of England" and "The Battle of the Baltic." Campbell's versatility is evident in his ability to write both grand poems and delicate lyrics.

Naomi Mitchison was a prolific Scottish novelist and poet known as a doyenne of Scottish literature. She authored over 90 books spanning historical and science fiction genres, as well as travel writing and autobiography. Her work, "The Corn King and the Spring Queen," is regarded as a seminal 20th-century historical novel. Despite her husband's peerage, she chose not to use the title Lady Mitchison. Throughout her career, she made significant contributions to literature and left a lasting impact on the literary world.

Blind Harry was a renowned minstrel and poet best known for composing The Actes and Deidis of the Illustre and Vallyeant Campioun Schir William Wallace, commonly referred to as The Wallace. His professional life revolved around crafting this lengthy poem that recounts the life of Scottish independence leader William Wallace. Despite living over a century after Wallace's death, Blind Harry's work immortalized the heroic deeds of Wallace and contributed significantly to Scottish literature and historical storytelling.

John Galt was a Scottish novelist, entrepreneur, and political and social commentator. He was the first superintendent of the Canada Company, playing a key role in populating Southern Ontario. Galt was known for being the first novelist to address issues of the Industrial Revolution, making him a significant figure in English literature. However, his career faced challenges, as he was recalled to Great Britain for mismanagement of the Canada Company and faced legal issues related to his son's tuition.

Eric Linklater was a versatile writer known for his work as a poet, fiction writer, military historian, and travel writer. He achieved recognition for his children's fantasy novel, The Wind on the Moon, winning the prestigious Carnegie Medal in 1944. Throughout his career, Linklater's writing showcased his creativity and storytelling abilities, earning him a reputation as a prominent British writer. His contributions to literature, especially in the realm of children's books, left a lasting impact and solidified his place in the literary world.

William Dunbar was a Scottish court poet known for his extensive body of work written in Scots. He was closely connected to the court of King James IV, where he produced a diverse range of literary pieces showcasing various themes and styles. Dunbar's professional life was marked by his association with the royal court and his contributions to Scottish literature. His surname was sometimes spelled as Dumbar, and he is believed to have been native to East Lothian based on references in his satirical works.

Norman MacCaig was a prominent Scottish poet and teacher known for his modern English poetry characterized by humor, simplicity of language, and widespread appeal. His professional life was marked by a deep passion for literature and education, where he not only crafted memorable poems but also inspired countless students through his teaching. MacCaig's work resonated with a wide audience, earning him a reputation as a distinguished poet whose words continue to captivate readers with their insightful observations and engaging style.

Horatius Bonar was a Scottish churchman and poet, known for his prolific hymn writing. Licensed as a preacher, he conducted mission work in Leith before settling in Kelso as minister of the North Church. Under Thomas Chalmers's church extension initiative, he gained popularity as a preacher and became well-known throughout Scotland. Bonar's professional life was marked by his dedication to spreading the Christian message through his ministry and hymns, leaving a lasting impact on the religious community of his time.

Sorley MacLean was a Scottish Gaelic poet known for his mastery of the Gaelic language and engagement with European poetic traditions and politics. He played a key role in reviving and modernizing Gaelic poetry, notably through works like Dàin do Eimhir and An Cuilthionn. MacLean's unique fusion of traditional Gaelic elements with contemporary themes, such as the Highland Clearances and the Spanish Civil War, earned him recognition as a major Scottish poet. His poetry gained wider acclaim in the 1970s when translated into English, with works like Hallaig achieving cult status.

Edwin Muir was a renowned Scottish poet, novelist, and translator known for his emotionally charged and vivid poetry. His work was characterized by its simplicity, using plain language with minimal stylistic embellishments. Muir's writing style resonated with many readers for its raw and deeply felt expression. Throughout his professional life, Muir made significant contributions to literature, leaving a lasting impact on the literary world with his powerful and evocative works.

Joanna Baillie was a Scottish poet and dramatist known for her notable works such as Plays on the Passions and Fugitive Verses. Her writings reflected a keen interest in moral philosophy and the Gothic genre. Baillie received critical acclaim during her lifetime and was associated with prominent writers of her time, including Anna Barbauld, Lucy Aikin, and Walter Scott. She maintained a successful career as a respected playwright and poet until her passing at the age of 88.

Robert Fergusson was a Scottish poet known for leading a bohemian life in Edinburgh during the Scottish Enlightenment. He received formal education at the University of St Andrews before gaining recognition for his poems published in Walter Ruddiman's Weekly Magazine. His collected works were first published in 1773. Fergusson's career was influential, particularly on Robert Burns. He wrote in both Scottish English and the Scots language, with his skillful and vivid writing in the latter being his most acclaimed work.

Aneirin, a Brythonic war poet from the 6th century, is believed to have served as a bard or court poet in the Cumbric kingdoms of the Hen Ogledd, particularly in the kingdom of Gododdin at Edinburgh, Scotland. His professional life revolved around composing and reciting poetry, likely focusing on themes of war and heroism. Aneirin's work as a poet contributed to the cultural and historical legacy of the Brythonic peoples, earning him recognition and respect as a skilled and influential figure in Medieval literature.

John Barbour was a Scottish poet known for being the first major literary figure to write in Scots. His principal work, The Brus (The Bruce), is a historical verse romance that solidified his reputation. Barbour also authored other works, such as The Stewartis Oryginalle and The Brut, which are now lost. He served as Archdeacon of the Diocese of Aberdeen and studied in Oxford and Paris. Despite being a man of the church, his surviving writings were secular in tone. Barbour's principal patron was Robert II, and he likely acted politically on behalf of the future king.

Thomas Pringle was a Scottish writer, poet, and abolitionist known for his contributions to South African literature. As the father of South African poetry, he was the first successful English language poet to vividly depict the country's landscapes, indigenous populations, and societal challenges. Through his works, Pringle shed light on the living conditions and cultural richness of South Africa, establishing a legacy as a pioneering figure in the literary portrayal of the region during his time.

Robert Henryson was a successful poet in Scotland during the late 15th century. He gained recognition for his works, particularly the renowned "Morall Fabillis," composed in Middle Scots. While details about his life are limited, it is evident that Henryson received education in the humanities and law. There are indications that he may have been involved in teaching. His contributions to Scottish literature and his proficiency in writing poetry have solidified his reputation as a notable figure in the literary landscape of his time.

Lady Anne Barnard was a Scottish travel writer, artist, and socialite known for her significant contributions to literature and arts. She achieved fame as the author of the ballad Auld Robin Gray, which remains a classic piece of Scottish literature. Her time in Cape Town, South Africa, played a crucial role in shaping the cultural and social landscape of the era. Through her writings and artistic endeavors, Lady Anne Barnard left a lasting legacy that continues to inspire and intrigue readers and art enthusiasts worldwide.

Robert Blair was a Scottish poet known for his work "The Grave," which gained fame for its somber and reflective themes. His collaboration with artist William Blake on an illustrated edition of the poem further solidified his reputation as a significant literary figure. Blair's poetic prowess and ability to evoke deep emotions through his writing earned him recognition as a skilled wordsmith. His contributions to the literary world continue to be appreciated for their depth and impact on readers.

Sir David Lyndsay of the Mount was a Scottish knight, poet, and herald known for holding the prestigious office of Lyon King of Arms. His professional life was marked by significant contributions to Scottish literature during the Renaissance period. Lyndsay's works are highly regarded for capturing the spirit of the era as a makar, showcasing his talent as a poet. Through his writings, he left a lasting legacy that continues to be appreciated for its cultural and historical significance.

George Mackay Brown was a Scottish poet, author, and dramatist known for his distinctly Orcadian style. He gained recognition as one of the prominent Scottish poets of the 20th century. Throughout his career, he produced a significant body of work that captured the essence of Orkney, its landscapes, history, and people. His writings often delved into themes of nature, spirituality, and the human condition, showcasing a unique blend of traditional Scottish influences with modern literary techniques. Brown's contributions to Scottish literature remain highly acclaimed and influential to this day.

Allan Cunningham was a Scottish poet and author known for his works in the early 19th century. He began his career as a stonemason before transitioning to literary pursuits. Cunningham worked as a journalist for various publications and later became a prolific writer, contributing poetry, essays, and biographies to literary magazines. He gained recognition for his lyrical poetry and ballads, as well as for his biographical works on figures such as Robert Burns and Sir Walter Scott. Cunningham's writings reflected his deep appreciation for Scottish culture and folklore.

Angus Calder was a Scottish writer, historian, and poet known for his diverse career spanning literature, history, and poetry. Initially focusing on English literature, he later turned his attention to political history, producing notable works such as the groundbreaking study "The People's War" in 1969. Despite holding various university teaching positions, Calder primarily worked as a writer, delving into literature and poetry. As a socialist, he emerged as a prominent Scottish public intellectual in the 1970s and 1980s, leaving a lasting impact on his fields of expertise.

John Davidson was a prolific Scottish poet, playwright, and novelist renowned for his captivating ballads. His works were highly acclaimed for their emotional depth and lyrical beauty. Additionally, he was skilled in translating French literature into English, showcasing his versatility as a writer. Despite his professional success, Davidson faced financial challenges and struggled with both physical and mental health issues. Ultimately, these difficulties tragically culminated in his untimely death by suicide in 1909.

Thomas Brown was a highly regarded Scottish physician, philosopher, and poet known for his exceptional diagnostic skills, structured thinking, and remarkable memory. He held the prestigious Chair of Moral Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh for a decade, from 1810 to 1820. Brown was recognized for his teaching style, which focused on guiding students in the process of critical thinking rather than simply presenting conclusions. His impact on the fields of medicine, philosophy, and education continues to be influential and respected to this day.

Edwin George Morgan was a prominent Scottish poet and translator linked to the Scottish Renaissance. He is renowned as one of the leading Scottish poets of the 20th century. In 1999, he became the inaugural Glasgow Poet Laureate, acknowledging his significant contributions to the literary world. Recognized for his outstanding work, Morgan was appointed as the first Makar or National Poet for Scotland in 2004, further solidifying his status as a distinguished figure in Scottish literature and culture.

Alastair Reid, a Scottish poet, was renowned for his playful poetry style and his expertise in South American literature. Notable for his translations of works by prominent South American poets such as Pablo Neruda and Jorge Luis Borges, he made significant contributions to the literary world. Reid's career extended beyond poetry, as he also worked as a teacher and a writer for The New Yorker magazine. His versatile professional life encompassed writing, teaching, and bridging cultural divides through his translations and literary endeavors.

William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling was a prominent Scottish courtier and poet known for his involvement in the Scottish colonisation efforts of Charles Fort in Nova Scotia and Long Island, New York. Alongside his literary pursuits, he held various official positions, including Secretary of State for Scotland and Master of Requests. His literary works, such as Aurora, The Monarchick Tragedies, and Doomes-Day, showcased his talent and creativity, earning him recognition as a skilled writer and poet in his time.

William Drummond of Hawthornden was a prominent Scottish poet known for his significant contributions to literature during the early 17th century. He was highly regarded for his skillful use of language and poetic form, which earned him a place among the influential poets of his time. Drummond's works often explored themes of love, politics, and nature, showcasing his versatility and depth as a writer. His impact on the literary landscape of Scotland and beyond has solidified his legacy as a respected and celebrated figure in the history of poetry.

Douglas Dunn is a prominent Scottish poet, academic, and critic known for his contributions to English literature. He holds the position of Professor of English and serves as the Director of St Andrew's Scottish Studies Institute at St Andrew's University. With a distinguished career in academia, Dunn has made significant strides in the literary world, impacting both his students and the broader scholarly community through his expertise and leadership in Scottish studies.

Andrew of Wyntoun, a Scottish poet and chronicler, is best known for his work, The Orygynale Cronykil of Scotland, which serves as a valuable historical source for the late-14th and early-15th centuries. In addition to his literary pursuits, Andrew was a canon of St. Andrews. He is recognized for being among the earliest English language writers to incorporate the term Catholic in his writings. Andrew's professional life was marked by his significant contributions to Scottish literature and history.

William Soutar was a Scottish poet and diarist acclaimed for his works in English and Braid Scots. He gained prominence for his skillful crafting of epigrams, showcasing his talent for concise and impactful poetic expressions. Soutar's professional life was dedicated to literature, where he left a lasting legacy through his diverse linguistic abilities and profound insights. His contributions to poetry, particularly in the realm of epigrams, have solidified his reputation as a notable figure in Scottish literary history.

George MacBeth was a versatile writer known for his work as a poet and novelist. He had a successful career in the literary world, earning recognition for his impactful poetry and engaging novels. MacBeth was praised for his unique writing style, which often explored deep themes and emotions. He was dedicated to his craft and had a strong influence on contemporary literature. Throughout his professional life, MacBeth made significant contributions to the literary landscape, leaving a lasting legacy in the world of poetry and fiction.

Alexander Hume was a prominent Scottish poet known for his religious works and contributions to the Church of Scotland. He served as Moderator of the General Assembly, showcasing his leadership and influence within the church. Hume's poetry often reflected his deep religious beliefs and his commitment to spreading the teachings of the church. His works were well-received during his time and have continued to be appreciated for their spiritual themes and poetic quality. Hume's professional life was marked by his important role in both literature and the church.

Alexander Montgomerie was a Scottish Jacobean courtier and poet known for his membership in the Castalian Band, a group of poets at the court of James VI. He was favored by the king for a period and was nicknamed "Captain." Montgomerie's poetry, characterized by themes of love and metaphysical elements, includes autobiographical sonnets. Despite being a Catholic in a predominantly Protestant court, his involvement in political controversies led to his outlaw status in the mid-1590s.

John Barclay was a renowned Scottish writer, satirist, and Neo-Latin poet during the late 16th and early 17th centuries. He gained recognition for his witty and satirical works that often critiqued the societal norms and political figures of his time. Barclay's writings were widely acclaimed for their depth and insight, earning him a reputation as a prominent literary figure. His contributions to the world of literature and his unique style of satire continue to be studied and appreciated by scholars and readers alike.

Robert Aytoun was a Scottish poet known for his literary contributions during the 16th and 17th centuries. He held various positions in the royal court and served as a gentleman of the bedchamber to King James VI. Aytoun was also appointed as a tutor to the king's eldest son, Prince Henry. His poetic works, including sonnets and pastoral poetry, were well-regarded during his time and contributed to the rich literary tradition of Scotland. Aytoun's writings continue to be studied and appreciated for their elegance and depth.

Iain Crichton Smith was a Scottish poet and novelist who wrote in both English and Gaelic. After obtaining a degree in English from the University of Aberdeen, he served in the Army Educational Corps before embarking on a teaching career. He taught in various locations before retiring in 1977 to focus on writing full-time. Crichton Smith had already established himself as a prolific writer with numerous published novels and poems to his credit.

William Edmondstoune Aytoun was a Scottish poet, lawyer, and professor at the University of Edinburgh. Known for his work in poetry, translation, prose fiction, criticism, and satire, he was a significant contributor to Blackwood's Magazine. Aytoun supported the National Association for the Vindication of Scottish Rights in the 1850s. His teaching contributions earned him the title of the 'first modern professor of English Literature'. Additionally, he was a collector of Scottish ballads, further showcasing his passion for literature and Scottish culture.

Michael Bruce was a Scottish poet and hymnist known for his literary talents. He wrote numerous poems and hymns during his short life, displaying a deep appreciation for nature and spirituality in his works. Bruce's poetry often reflected themes of love, loss, and the beauty of the natural world. His writing gained recognition for its lyrical quality and emotional depth, earning him a place among notable Scottish poets of his time. Despite his untimely death, Bruce's contributions to literature continue to be celebrated and studied.

Sir Richard Maitland of Lethington and Thirlstane was a distinguished figure in Scottish legal and literary circles. Serving as a Senator of the College of Justice and an Ordinary Lord of Session, he held key political offices related to the Great Seal and Privy Seal of Scotland. Known for his poetic talents, Maitland compiled manuscripts that preserved significant works of his time. His professional contributions also extended to his role as Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland.

Alison Cockburn was a prominent Scottish poet, wit, and socialite during the 18th-century Enlightenment in Edinburgh. Known for her literary talents, she cultivated a distinguished circle of friends that included notable figures such as Walter Scott, Robert Burns, and David Hume. Through her poetry and engaging personality, she made significant contributions to the cultural and intellectual landscape of her time. Cockburn's work and connections within the literary and philosophical communities solidified her reputation as a respected and influential figure in Scottish society.

Walter Kennedy was a Scottish poet and a well-connected figure in the royal court, with ties to prominent individuals. He held various ecclesiastical posts, including rector of Douglas and canon of Glasgow Cathedral. Kennedy was educated at the University of Glasgow and had a strong background in Gaelic-speaking areas of the Scottish Lowlands. He was known for his literary contributions and is recognized for his works in poetry. Despite facing challenges with his ecclesiastical roles, Kennedy maintained a notable presence in both Carrick and Galloway.

James Drummond Burns was a prominent Scottish Presbyterian minister known for his powerful sermons and poetic works. Throughout his professional life, he dedicated himself to spreading the teachings of the Christian faith through his eloquent preaching and insightful writings. Burns was highly respected within the Presbyterian community for his deep spirituality and commitment to serving his congregation. His literary contributions, including hymns and poems, continue to inspire and uplift believers around the world, leaving a lasting legacy in the realm of religious literature.

Gilbert Hay was a versatile figure in literature, known for his skills as both a poet and translator. His translations of French works are considered some of the earliest examples of Scots prose in literature. Despite the limited information available about him, it is widely believed that he may have transitioned into a career as a priest later in life. Hay's professional life was marked by his contributions to literature through his poetry and translation work, as well as his potential involvement in religious pursuits.

Alexander Scott was a Scottish Court poet known for his thirty-six attributed poems, including works like Ane New Yeir Gift to Quene Mary and The Rondel of Love. He is believed to have spent most of his time in or near Edinburgh. His poems are featured in the Bannatyne Manuscript compiled by George Bannatyne. Scott's work showcases great variety in meter and musicality, with some pieces characterized as satirical and coarse. Modern interpretations view his work as complex and multilayered, offering an alternative to contemporary English poetry.

Sir James Sempill was a Scottish poet and diplomat, best known for his satiric and anti-papal poem "A picktooth for the Pope, or the packman’s paternoster." He served as Scotland’s ambassador to England and France, showcasing his diplomatic skills. In addition to his literary pursuits, Sempill achieved a knighthood for his contributions to society. His professional life was marked by a combination of literary talent, diplomatic excellence, and recognition for his achievements, making him a prominent figure in Scottish society during his time.

Màiri nighean Alasdair Ruaidh was a Scottish poet known for her significant contributions to the new school of poetry in 17th century Scotland. She wrote primarily in Scots Gaelic, crafting poems celebrated for their natural rhythms and simplicity. Màiri's professional life revolved around composing works that focused on the heroic tales of the renowned Macleod family. Her poetry played a crucial role in shaping the literary landscape of her time, solidifying her reputation as one of the most important figures in Scottish poetry.

Ian Hamilton Finlay was a prominent Scottish poet, writer, artist, and gardener known for his innovative work that combined poetry with visual art. He was a key figure in the concrete poetry movement and was recognized for his distinctive style of creating art in various forms, including sculptures, prints, and garden installations. Finlay's work often explored themes of nature, classical literature, and war. His unique artistic vision and contributions to the intersection of poetry and visual arts have had a lasting impact on the art world.

Robert Sempill the younger was a prolific and influential Scottish poet renowned for his Scots ballads and elegies. He is credited with pioneering the standard meter for Scottish humorous elegy, a style that would later be popularized by renowned poets such as Robert Burns and Allan Ramsay. Sempill's work showcased his talent and originality, establishing him as a significant figure in Scottish literary history. His contributions to poetry laid the foundation for future generations of poets to draw inspiration from his innovative style.

William Hamilton of Gilbertfield was a prominent Scottish poet known for his humorous and satirical poems, particularly his mock-tragic works such as The Last Dying Words of Bonny Heck. He was recognized for his close association with fellow poet Allan Ramsay, with whom he exchanged Familiar Epistles. Hamilton's Familiar Epistles served as an inspiration to the renowned poet Robert Burns, influencing him to create similar poetic letters. Hamilton's professional legacy lies in his contribution to Scottish literature through his innovative and influential poetic works.

George Bannatyne was a Scottish merchant and burgess known for his collection of popular Scottish poems. He compiled an anthology of Scots poetry known as the Bannatyne Manuscript during a plague in 1568. This manuscript includes works by renowned poets like Robert Henryson, Alexander Montgomerie, and William Dunbar. Bannatyne's professional life revolved around his role as a collector and compiler of Scottish poetry, preserving and showcasing the literary talents of his contemporaries for future generations.